tsekwe amagawidwa m'mitundu, ina yake yomwe imapezeka mwachilengedwe. Amakhala kumpoto kwa North America komanso ku Europe.
Kusiyana kwa ma anseriform ena ndikuti ndizosatheka kubereketsa atsekwe kunyumba. Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri m'malo osungira nyama. Nyama zimakonda ufulu kwambiri.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Mbalame ya goose ofanana kwambiri ndi atsekwe. Zimasiyana pamitundu yaying'ono ndi utoto wowala wa nthenga. Makhalidwe akunja amachititsa atsekwe kuti aziwoneka ngati abakha. Zofanana sizachitika mwangozi: mbalameyo ndi ya banja la bakha la Anseriformes.
Thupi la atsekwe pafupifupi pafupifupi masentimita 60. Mbalame sizilemera makilogalamu oposa 8. Amuna ndi osavuta kuzindikira ndipo ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi. Mumtundu wa nthenga za mbalame, imvi yakuda komanso yoyera imadziwika kwambiri. Mzere wopepuka pakhosi umawerengedwa kuti ndi chinthu choyambirira mu tsekwe zilizonse, kokha mwa mitundu yakuda yomwe imawonekera pambuyo pake, zaka ziwiri pambuyo pobadwa.
Khosi la atsekwe ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa la atsekwe. Maso ndi akuda, amawonekera kwambiri motsutsana ndi mbiri yonse. Mlomo ndi wocheperako poyerekeza kukula kwake ndikukhazikitsidwa, chivundikiro chake ndi chakuda, ngakhale mbalameyo ili yamtundu wanji. Wamphongo amakhalanso ndi mphuno ndi khosi lotchulidwa kwambiri kuposa wamkazi. Mapazi a atsekwe onse ndi amdima, khungu lawo limakhala lopepuka.
Goose pachithunzichi m'ma encyclopedia nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthenga. Izi ndichifukwa choti m'chilengedwe muli mitundu ingapo ya mbalamezi, ndipo zonse zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya atsekwe padziko lapansi:
- nkhokwe;
- wakuda;
- red-pakhosi;
- Canada;
- Canada yaying'ono;
- Wachi Hawaii.
Amasiyana wina ndi mnzake pakapangidwe ka thupi, gawo logawika, kufotokozera mawonekedwe. Komabe, ziribe kanthu kaya ndi za mtundu wanji, mbalame sizikhala zokha ndipo nthawi zonse zimasonkhana m'magulu.
Barnacle tsekwe
Amasiyana ndi abale ena amtundu wa thupi. Pamwamba pake pamakhala yakuda yakuda ndipo yakumunsi yoyera. Kutali, kusiyana kwa denga lakumtunda ndikuchititsa chidwi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzindikira mitunduyo.
Barnacle tsekwe pafupifupi imalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu awiri. Mutu wake ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa atsekwe. Mbali yakumunsi ya mmero, mphuno, kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi pamphumi ili ndi nthenga zoyera.
Mbalameyi imasambira komanso imamira bwinobwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izipeza chakudya. Hardy, amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Ngakhale zili choncho, tsekwe amathamanga kwambiri. Izi zitha kupulumutsa moyo wake, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi amathawa zoopsa.
Tsekwe za Barnacle zimakhala makamaka m'maiko aku Scandinavia komanso madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Greenland. Amapanga zisa m'mapiri okhaokha, okhala ndi miyala ikuluikulu, malo otsetsereka komanso miyala.
Tsekwe zakuda
Amakhala ofanana kwambiri ndi atsekwe. Ndiwo okha omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Chinyamacho chimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi chovala chakuda chakuda, chomwe chimakhala chosalala mkati mwa thupi. Mphuno ndi mapazi ndizonso zakuda.
Tsekwe zakuda Amadzidalira m'madzi, koma sangathe kumira. Kuti tipeze chakudya pansi pamadzi, chimatembenuka ndi thupi lonse, monga abakha amachitira. Monga abale awo atsekwe, amathamangira kuzungulira malowa.
Mitundu ya atsekwe yolimbana kwambiri ndi chisanu. Amakhala m'malo okhala m'nyanja ya Arctic Ocean, komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja zonse m'dera la Arctic. Chisa cha atsekwe m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zigwa pafupi ndi mitsinje. Sankhani malo okhala ndi udzu.
Tsekwe zofiira
Kukula kwa thupi kumafika masentimita 55, mosiyana ndi obadwa nawo, apakatikati. Kulemera kwake ndi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka yokha. Mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 40 m'lifupi. Ili ndi nthenga zowala kwambiri pakati pa abale ake. Thupi lili pamwamba pa nthenga zakuda, ndipo gawo lakumunsi ndi loyera.
Kuphatikiza apo, mbalameyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa mtundu wa lalanje pakhosi komanso mbali zonse zamasaya. Mlomo wawung'ono, mawonekedwe abwinobwino a banja lake bakha. Tsekwe zofiira amatha kuwuluka maulendo ataliatali, kusambira komanso kusambira bwino.
Amakhala makamaka kudera la Russia, kumpoto kwake. Amakonda chisa pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Amakonda malo okwezeka. Goos wamabere ofiira amatetezedwa bwino. Ichi ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri womwe udawonongeka chifukwa cha kusakidwa kwawo. Amawasaka chifukwa cha nthenga zawo, khutu ndi nyama.
Canada tsekwe
Chimodzi mwazikulu kwambiri pakati pa abale awo. Amatha kulemera mpaka makilogalamu asanu ndi awiri. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu, ali ndi mapiko okongola mpaka mamitala awiri m'lifupi. Thupi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi nthenga zaimvi, nthawi zambiri, mitundu ya wavy yamdima wakuda imatha kupezeka.
Thupi lakumtunda ndi lakuda buluu. M'nyengo yowala kwambiri kumawala ndi dzuwa. Canada tsekwe anakonda mayiko akumpoto a America. Amagawidwa ku Alaska ndi Canada, komanso m'maiko oyandikana ndi dziko la Canada Arctic Archipelago.
Goose yaying'ono yaku Canada
Nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi tsekwe zaku Canada. Mutha kusiyanitsa kukula ndi kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kwa nthenga. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi mita 0.7. Kulemera kwa thupi kumangofika makilogalamu atatu okha. Mutu, mulomo, pakhosi, kumbuyo ndi miyendo ndi zakuda. Pali madera oyera m'mphepete mwa mphuno. Pakhosi pali "kolala" yopangidwa ndi nthenga zotumbululuka.
Kuti akhale ndi moyo, mbalameyi imasankha madambo, nkhalango zamtundra, pomwe pali zomera zambiri ngati tchire ndi mitengo. M'nyengo yozizira, imakhazikika m'mbali mwa nyanja komanso m'madambo. Malo okhala ndi ofanana ndi a tsekwe za ku Canada. Amapezeka kumadera akum'mawa a Siberia. M'nyengo yozizira amafika kumadera akumwera a USA ndi Mexico.
Tsekwe za ku Hawaii
Kukula kwa mbalameyi sikokulirapo, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi mita 0,65, thupi ndi 2 kilogalamu. Mitundu ya nthenga nthawi zambiri imakhala imvi komanso yofiirira, yokhala ndi mizere yoyera yakuda mbali. Mphuno, kumbuyo kwa mutu, mphuno, miyendo ndi kumtunda kwa mmero ndikuda. Amadyetsa zokha zomera ndi zipatso. Iwo samalandira chakudya m'madzi.
Goose wa ku Hawaii samapezeka kawirikawiri m'chilengedwe; mozizwitsa adatha kuthawa kutha. Mbalameyi imangokhalira kuzilumba za Hawaii ndi Maui. Zisa za a Viet pamapiri otsetsereka a mapiri.
Ikhoza kukwera mpaka moyo mpaka mamita 2000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Mitundu yokhayo ya atsekwe yomwe safunika kuuluka nthawi yozizira. Amasintha malo okhala, kokha m'nyengo yadzuwa, amayandikira pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Atsekwe amayang'ana malo oti azikhalamo m'malo okwera komanso m'mapiri pafupi ndi mitsinje. Atsekwe omwe amakhala moyandikana ndi nyanja ndi nyanja amasankha gombe lokhala ndi malo osanyowa. Tsamba lodzala zisa limasankhidwa ndi kampani yakale, chaka chilichonse pamalo omwewo.
Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa gulu lankhosa kumatha kufikira anthu 120. Zimakhala zodziwika bwino kuti makampani akuluakulu ngati amenewa amapangika panthawi ya molting. Munthawi imeneyi, sangathe kuwuluka, kuti adziteteze ku ngozi ndi adani, amakakamizidwa kupanga magulu akulu. Gululo nthawi zambiri silimasakanikirana ndi ena am'mabanja amtundu wa bakha ndi subspecies.
Mbalame ziyenera kudzipangira malo omasuka ndi otetezeka kuti mkazi azitha kubereka ana abwino. Kukhazikika kumachitika nthawi yachilimwe. Pakadali pano, pali masamba atsopano azakudya ndi madzi oyera akumwa.
Akapeza chakudya, mbalame zimalankhula ndikuphwanya kwakanthawi. Wogulitsayo amafanana ndi kukuwa kwa galu. Atsekwe ali ndi mawu ofuula kwambiri omwe amamveka ngakhale patali kwambiri.
Mbalame zimagwira ntchito masana. Ngakhale tsekwe zimakhala pamtunda, zimakhalanso nthawi yayitali m'malo oyamba. Atsekwe amatha kugona usiku wonse pamwamba pamadzi. Nthawi zina amagona pamtunda pomwe adadyera masana. Pakati pa tsiku, mbalame zikamadya, zimakonda kupumula ndikupuma kumadzi apafupi.
Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa atsekwe m'zinthu zamtchire kumachokera ku nkhandwe ku Arctic. Zimaukira zisa ndi kukokera anapiye ang'onoang'ono nazo. Pali nthawi zina pomwe nkhandwe zimatha kugwira mbalame zazikulu. Goose amathawira kwa wolakwayo osati pothawa, koma pothawa. Atsekwe ndi othamanga kwambiri, amawapulumutsa.
Wina amene walakwira atsekwe ndi mlenje. Mpaka posachedwa, kusaka kosalekeza kwa atsekwe kunkachitika. Iyo idangotha pokhapokha nyamayo itakhala pakati pangozi. Tsopano tsekwe m'buku lofiira ili ndi malo osangalatsa kwambiri.
Mitundu ina ndiyosowa kwambiri kotero kuti imatha kutheratu. Atsekwewo amachita mosiyana munthu akafika kwa iye.
Amatha kumulola kuti ayandikire pafupi nawo, ena aziwalola kuti adzikhudze okha. Koma nthawi zambiri, amathawa mwachangu kapena amayamba kugwedezeka mwamphamvu mwanjira iliyonse yakunja, ndikufuula mokweza.
Nthawi zambiri amasamukira kumapeto kwadzinja, chisanu chisanachitike. Atsekwe ndi mbalame zocheza ndipo amangoyenda m'magulu akulu omwe amaphatikizapo mbalame za mibadwo yonse.
Akamapita ku madera ofunda, amapitilira m'malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja, kupewa njira yachidule yolunjika. Ngakhale mukuyenera kuwuluka kwa nthawi yayitali, musasinthe njira. Ndikosavuta kupeza chakudya pafupi ndi nyanja ndi mitsinje ndikuyimilira kuti mupumule, chifukwa tsekwe - tsekwe, ndipo amakhala theka la moyo wake m'madzi.
Zakudya zabwino
Popeza mbalameyi ndi mbalame zam'madzi, kusambira kumagwira ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono, mphutsi zamadzi ndi tizilombo. Imadumphira m'madzi, ndikulowetsa theka la thupi lake m'madzi, ndikungotsalira mchira wakewo. Mwachitsanzo, atsekwe amtundu wina amatha kusambira m'madzi kukafuna chakudya kuchokera 50 mpaka 80 sentimita kuya. Nthawi zambiri amatola matope pomwe akuwuluka.
Pamtunda m'nyengo yachilimwe-chilimwe, amadya zomera zambiri: clover, udzu wothirira masamba atambalala, bluegrass ndi zitsamba zina zomwe zimamera m'malo otsika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Pakubereka, ma rhizomes ndi mphukira zitsamba amadyedwa. Ndikuchepa kwa masamba obiriwira, amayamba kudya mbewu zazomera ndi mababu a adyo wamtchire.
Ndikusintha kwanyumba mokakamizidwa, popita kumalo opita patsogolo, zakudya za mbalame zimasintha. Akamayenda, amadyetsa ndere ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta matope.
Ngati pali malo obzala pafupi, mbalame zimayang'ana chakudya m'minda mukakolola. Iwo kudya zotsalira za mbewu: oats, mapira, rye. Goose wofiira m'nyengo yozizira, chisa pafupi ndi magawo a mbewu zachisanu. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa zotsalira zokolola, ngati minda yomwe ili ndi mbewu zachisanu imapezeka, imadyetsa mbewu zachisanu.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kusasitsa kugonana kumachitika zaka 3, 4 kuchokera pakubadwa. Oyera tsekwe amabwera kwa iye tsiku lachiwiri lobadwa. Mabanja adakonzedwa m'malo osamukira m'nyengo yozizira. Mwambo wokutira ndiwosangalatsa, ukusefukira mokweza m'madzi. Mwamuna, kuti atenge chidwi chachikazi, amadzuka mikhalidwe ina. Akakwerana, amayamba kufuula kwambiri, kutambasula khosi lawo, kutulutsa mchira wawo ndikutambasula mapiko awo.
Anthu okwatirana nthawi zambiri amakhala pachisala pamapiri otsetsereka kapena amiyala kuti aziteteze ndi ana awo kwa adani ndi zoopsa zina. Chifukwa chake, amayesa kusankha malo ovuta kufikako komanso otetezedwa, pafupi ndi mbalame zodya nyama. Amachita izi kuti adziteteze ku nkhandwe za ku Arctic, zomwe zimawopa nkhandwe ndi nkhono zazikulu.
Zisa za atsekwe zimamangidwa atangopeza malo. Ali ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka masentimita 20-25, ndi kuya kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 9. Chisa cha atsekwe sichitha. Choyamba, amapeza kapena kuboola nthaka pamtunda. Kenako amathira pansi pake ndi masamba owuma, mapesi a tirigu ndi madzi ena, omwe mayi ake adachotsa m'mimba mwake.
Nthawi zambiri mbalame imatulutsa mazira 6 pafupipafupi panthawi yomata. Nambala yocheperako yomwe tsekwe wamkazi amatha kupereka ndi mazira atatu, ochulukirapo ndi 9. Mazira a atsekwe a beige, okhala ndi zotsalira zosawoneka.
Kwa masiku 23-26 otsatira, amaikira mazira. Wamphongo amayenda pafupi nthawi zonse, kumuteteza. Anapiye amaswa m'mazira panthawi yokhotakhota ya nyama zazikulu. Ngati miyoyo ya tsekwe m'chilengedwe, kuzungulira kwa moyo kumatha kuyambira zaka 19 mpaka 26. Mu ukapolo, adzakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 30-35.
