Shark ndi m'modzi mwa oimira akale kwambiri pachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, nzika zam'madzi akuya sizimvetsetsa bwino ndipo nthawi zonse zimawerengedwa ngati zolengedwa zodabwitsa. Anthu apanga zikhulupiriro zambiri zabodza zonyansa, zowopsa komanso zosayembekezereka pamakhalidwe awo, zomwe zidadzetsanso tsankho lokwanira.
Nkhani zambiri zonena za nsombazi m'makontinenti onse nthawi zonse zimafalikira, zowopsa ndi tsankho. Ndipo nkhani ngati izi zakuwukiridwa kwamagazi kwa anthu ndi zamoyo zina sizomwe zili zopanda maziko.
Koma ngakhale ali ndi ziwopsezo zonse, zolengedwa zachilengedwe izi, zomwe asayansi amawawerengera kuti ndi amtundu wa chordate komanso dongosolo la Selachian, ali ndi chidwi chambiri pamapangidwe ndi machitidwe, ndipo ali ndi zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa.
Izi sizinyama zam'madzi, monga ena amakhulupirira, ali mgulu la nsomba zamatenda, ngakhale izi nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzikhulupirira. Ambiri a iwo amakhala m'madzi amchere. Koma alipo, ngakhale osowa, okhala ndi madzi oyera.
Kwa nsomba, akatswiri a zooge amapereka gawo lonse lofananalo ndi dzina la zamoyozi. Amadziwika ndi mitundu yayikulu ya oimira ake. Ndi mitundu ingati ya nsombazi amapezeka m'chilengedwe? Chiwerengerocho ndi chodabwitsa, chifukwa palibe ochepera kapena kuposa, koma pafupifupi mitundu 500 kapena kupitilira apo. Ndipo onse amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe awo komanso odabwitsa.
Whale shark
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a mtundu wa shark makamaka amatsindika kukula kwa nyama izi. Zimasiyana m'njira yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Oimira wamba am'magulu am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amakhala ofanana ndi dolphin. Palinso nyanja yakuya kwambiri mitundu ya nsombazi, utali wake ndi kanthu kena kosaposa masentimita 17. Koma zimphona nazonso zimaonekera.
Whale shark
Otsatirawa akuphatikizapo whale shark - nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri yamtunduwu. Mitundu ina yamitundu yambiri imafikira mamita 20 kukula. Zimphona zoterezi, zomwe sizinawonekere mpaka zaka za zana la 19 ndipo zimapezeka mwa apo ndi apo m'zombo zam'madzi otentha, zimapereka chithunzi cha nyama zazikulu zazikulu zazikulu. Koma mantha a zolengedwa izi adakokomezedwa kwambiri.
Mwamwayi pambuyo pake, zimphona zongokhala izi sizingakhale pachiwopsezo kwa anthu. Ndipo ngakhale ali ndi mano zikwi zingapo pakamwa pawo, samafanana konse ndi mano a ziwombankhanga zomwe zimapangidwa.
Zipangizozi ndizofanana ndi zingwe zolimba, maloko odalirika a plankton zazing'ono, zokha zomwe nyama izi zimadya. Ndi mano amenewa, nsombazi zimasunga nyama yake pakamwa. Ndipo amagwira chilichonse chomwe chimayikidwa m'nyanja pochikoka m'madzi ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimapezeka pakati pamiyala yamiyala.
Mitundu ya whale shark ndiyosangalatsa kwambiri. Chikhalidwe chonse chimakhala chakuda ndi utoto wabuluu kapena wabulauni, ndipo chimakwaniritsidwa ndi mzere wa mizere ya mawanga akulu oyera kumbuyo ndi mbali, komanso timadontho tating'onoting'ono pamapiko azing'ono ndi pamutu.
Shaki yaikulu
Mtundu wa zakudya zomwe tafotokozazi umakhalanso ndi ena oimira fuko lomwe timakonda (mitundu ya shark pachithunzichi lolani kuti tiganizire mawonekedwe awo akunja). Izi zikuphatikiza zazikulu zazikulu ndi zazikulu zazikulu.
Shaki yaikulu
Omaliza a iwo ndi achiwiri kukula pakati pa abale awo. Kutalika kwake m'zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri kumafikira mamita 15. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa nsomba zowonongekazo nthawi zina kumafika matani 4, ngakhale kulemera koteroko ku shaki zazikulu zimawerengedwa ngati mbiri.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu, cholengedwa cham'madzi ichi, chodzipezera chakudya, sichimayamwa madzi ndi zomwe zili mkatimo. Shaki yaikulu imangotsegula pakamwa pake ndikulima ziwerengerocho, ndikugwira zomwe zimalowa mkamwa mwake. Koma zakudya za zolengedwa zoterezi ndizofanana - plankton yaying'ono.
Mitundu ya zolengedwa izi ndi yocheperako - imvi-imvi, yodziwika bwino. Amasunga mmodzimmodzi komanso gulu la ziweto makamaka m'madzi otentha. Ngati tikulankhula za ngoziyo, ndiye kuti munthu amene anali ndi luso lake adayambitsa mavuto ambiri ku sharki kuposa iwo - inde, zolengedwa zopanda vuto zidamupatsa zovuta.
Bigmouth shark
Zolengedwa zodabwitsazi zidapezeka posachedwa, pasanathe zaka 50 zapitazo. Amapezeka m'madzi ofunda, nthawi zina, amasambira m'malo otentha. Mtundu wa matupi awo ndi wabulauni-wakuda pamwambapa, wowala kwambiri pansipa. Bigmouth shark si cholengedwa chaching'ono, komabe sichikulirapo ngati mitundu iwiri yapitayi, ndipo kutalika kwa oimira nyama zam'madzi ndizochepera 5 m.
Bigmouth shark
Pakamwa pa zolengedwa izi ndiwopatsa chidwi, kuzungulira komanso kutambalala; pakamwa chachikulu, pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka, chimaonekera. Komabe, mano mkamwa ndi ochepa, ndipo mtundu wa chakudyacho ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi chimphona chachikulu, chomwe chili ndi chinthu chokhacho chosangalatsa chomwe nthumwi yayikulu ya fuko lolanda nyama ili ndi ma gland apadera omwe amatha kutulutsa phosphorites. Amayang'ana pakamwa pa zamoyozi, kukopa nsomba zam'madzi ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Umu ndi momwe nyama yolusa yayikulu imakoka nyama kuti ikwane.
Shaki yoyera
Komabe, popeza sizovuta kuyerekezera, si zitsanzo zonse zochokera ku subark shark zomwe zilibe vuto lililonse. Kupatula apo, sizachabe kuti nyama zam'madzi izi zadzetsa mantha mwa anthu kuyambira nthawi zakale kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutchula makamaka mitundu yoopsa ya nsombazi... Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha kukhetsa magazi kwa fuko lino atha kugwira ntchito ngati shark yoyera, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "imfa yoyera" kapena mwanjira ina: shark wodya anthu, zomwe zimangotsimikizira kuti ndizabwino.
Moyo wamoyo wazinthu zoterezi ndi wocheperako kuposa wa anthu. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya nyama zoterezi ndi yopitilira 6 m kutalika ndipo imalemera pafupifupi matani awiri. Momwemo, thunthu la zolembedwazo likufanana ndi torpedo, pamwamba pake pamakhala bulauni, imvi kapena chobiriwira, chomwe chimakhala ngati chodzibisa pakamenyedwa.
Shaki yoyera
Mimba ndi yopepuka kuposa kamvekedwe, komwe nsombayo idatchulidwira. Nyamayo, yomwe imawonekera mosayembekezereka pamaso pa wovulalayo kuchokera kunyanja yakuya, yomwe kale inali yosawoneka pamwamba pamadzi chifukwa chakumbuyo kwa thupi, imawonetsa kuyera kwa pansi kokha mumasekondi omaliza. Ndizodabwitsa, izi zimasokoneza mdani.
Chilombocho chimakhala, popanda kukokomeza, kununkhiza mwankhanza, ziwalo zina zamaluso zotukuka kwambiri, ndipo mutu wake umapatsidwa kuthekera kotenga zikoka zamagetsi. Pakamwa pake pakamwa pake pamadzaza mantha ndi ma dolphin, zisindikizo zaubweya, zisindikizo, ngakhale anamgumi. Anakhalanso wamantha ndi mtundu wa anthu. Ndipo mutha kukumana ndi akatswiri oterewa pakusaka, koma zolengedwa zokhetsa magazi m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi, kupatula madzi akumpoto.
Nsombazi
Nsombazi zimakonda madera otentha, zimakumana m'madzi ozungulira padziko lonse lapansi. Amakhala pafupi ndi gombe ndipo amakonda kuyendayenda m'malo ena. Asayansi akuti kuyambira kale, nthumwi za nyama zam'madzi sizinasinthe kwambiri.
Kutalika kwa nyama zotere ndi pafupifupi mamita 4. Achinyamata okha ndi omwe amawoneka mikwingwirima ya akambuku motsutsana ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Shark okhwima nthawi zambiri amakhala otuwa. Zamoyo zotere zimakhala ndi mutu waukulu, mkamwa waukulu, mano awo ali ndi malezala. Liwiro kuyenda m'madzi mwa zolusa amenewa amaperekedwa ndi thupi streamline. Ndipo dorsal fin imathandizira kulemba pirouettes zovuta.
Nsombazi
Zilombozi ndi zoopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, ndipo mano awo ndi opindika m'kamphindi amakulolani kuthyola matupi aanthu. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti m'mimba mwa zolengedwa izi, nthawi zambiri mumapezeka zinthu zomwe sizingatchedwe kuti ndizokoma komanso kudya.
Izi zitha kukhala mabotolo, zitini, nsapato, zinyalala zina, ngakhale matayala agalimoto ndi zophulika. Kuchokera pomwe zimawonekeratu kuti nsombazi zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chomeza chilichonse.
Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuti chilengedwe chawapatsa mwayi wokhoza kuchotsa zinthu zina zapadziko lapansi m'mimba. Amatha kutsuka zomwe zili mkamwa, pongopotoza m'mimba.
Bull shark
Mwa kulemba mayina a mitundu ya shark, Osanyoza mnofu wa munthu, ayenera kutchulapo ng'ombe yamphongo. Zowopsa zokumana ndi nyama yadyerayi zitha kuchitika munyanja iliyonse padziko lapansi, kupatula kosangalatsa kokha ngati Arctic.
Bull shark
Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwoneka kuti adani awa adzayendera madzi abwino, chifukwa chinthu chotere ndichabwino pamoyo wawo. Pali zochitika pomwe nsombazi zimakumana ndikukhala mokhazikika mumitsinje ya Illinois, ku Amazon, ku Ganges, ku Zambezi kapena ku Lake Michigan.
Kutalika kwa adaniwo kumakhala pafupifupi 3 m kapena kupitilira apo. Amalimbana ndi ozunzidwa mwachangu, osawasiya ndi mwayi uliwonse wopulumuka. Nsombazi zimatchedwanso zopanda mphuno. Ndipo ili ndi dzina lotchulidwira. Ndipo poukira, zitha kupweteketsa mwamphamvu wovulalayo ndi pakamwa pawo.
Ndipo ngati muwonjezera mano akuthwa m'mbali zosongoka, ndiye kuti chithunzi cha nyama yolusa chidzawonjezeredwa ndi zinthu zowopsa kwambiri. Thupi la zolengedwa zotere limakhala ndi choluka, thupi limakhala lolimba, maso ake ndi ozungulira komanso ochepa.
Katran
Madzi a Nyanja Yakuda siosangalatsa kwenikweni kuti kukhale anyani okonda magazi. Zifukwa zake ndikudzipatula komanso kuchuluka kwa magombe, kudzaza madzi m'nyanja ndi mitundu ingapo yamayendedwe am'nyanja. Komabe, palibe chomvetsa chisoni makamaka izi kwa munthu, chifukwa chowopsa cha zolengedwa zoterezi.
Katarki wa Shark
Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti oimira fuko lomwe lafotokozedwalo sapezeka konse kumadera amenewa. Mwa kulemba Mitundu ya nsombazi ku Black Sea, choyambirira, ayenera kutchedwa katrana. Zilombozi zili ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi kukula, koma nthawi zina, zimatha kudzitama ndi mita ziwiri. Amakhala zaka pafupifupi 20.
Nsombazi zimatchedwanso kuti spiny spotted. Choyamba cha epithets chimaperekedwa chifukwa cha mitsempha yakuthwa kwambiri yomwe ili pamapiko a dorsal, ndipo yachiwiri yazowunikira pambali. Mbiri yayikulu yakumbuyo kwa zolembedwazi ndi imvi-bulauni, m'mimba ndi choyera.
Maonekedwe awo odabwitsa, amawoneka ngati nsomba yayitali kuposa sharki. Amadyetsa makamaka anthu okhala m'madzi osadziwika, koma akapeza mtundu wawo wambiri, atha kusankha kuwukira dolphin ngakhalenso anthu.
Cat shark
Mbalame ya shark cat imapezeka m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic komanso m'nyanja ya Mediterranean. M'madzi a Nyanja Yakuda, zolusa izi zimapezeka, koma kawirikawiri. Makulidwe awo ndi opanda pake, pafupifupi masentimita 70. Samaloleza kukula kwa zinthu zam'nyanja, koma makamaka amazungulira pagombe komanso kuzama pang'ono.
Cat shark
Mtundu wa zolengedwa zotere ndizosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa. Kumbuyo ndi m'mbali mwake mumakhala mchenga wakuda, wamawangamawanga ndi timadontho tating'ono tating'ono. Ndipo khungu la zolengedwa zotere ndizodabwitsa, kukhudza kofanana ndi sandpaper. Sharki zotere adapeza mayina awo chifukwa chokhala ndi thupi losinthasintha, lokongola komanso lalitali.
Zamoyo zoterezi zimafanananso ndi amphaka muzochita zawo. Kusuntha kwawo kumakhala kokongola, masana akugona, ndipo amayenda usiku ndikukhala bwino mumdima. Zakudya zawo nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi nsomba komanso anthu ena okhala m'madzi. Kwa anthu, nsombazi zilibe vuto lililonse. Komabe, anthu amadya, nthawi zina ngakhale mosangalala kwambiri, nsombazi, monga nyama ya katran.
Cladoselachia
Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti nsombazi zidakhalapo Padziko Lapansi zaka mazana anayi zapitazo, popeza zolengedwa izi ndizakale kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, polongosola zolusa zoterezi, tiyenera kutchulanso makolo awo. Tsoka ilo, sikutheka kupeza mosabisa momwe amawonekera.
Ndipo mawonekedwe awo amaweruzidwa kokha ndi zotsalira zakale ndi zochitika zina za ntchito yofunikira ya zolengedwa zamoyo zoterezi zisanachitike. Zina mwazomwe zapezedwa, chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi zomwe thupi limayimira loimira kutha kwa nsombazianachoka pamapiri a shale. Makolo akale akale amtundu wamoyo wamakono amatchedwa cladoselachies.
Kutha kwa cladoselachia shark
Cholengedwa chomwe chidasiya zolemba, monga titha kuweruza ndi kukula kwa njanjiyo ndi zizindikilo zina, sizinali zazikulu kwenikweni, ndizotalika mamita 2 okha. Mawonekedwe owoneka ngati torpedo adamuthandiza kuyenda mwachangu pamadzi. Komabe, pakuyenda kwa mitundu yamakono, cholengedwa chotsalirachi sichinali chochepa.
Inali ndi zipsepse ziwiri zakuthambo, zokhala ndi ma spines, mchirawo ndi wofanana kwambiri ndi m'badwo wamakono wa shaki. Maso a zolengedwa zakale anali okulirapo komanso osangalatsa. Zikuwoneka kuti amangodya zingwe zamadzi. Zilombo zazikuluzikulu zinali m'gulu la adani awo oyipitsitsa komanso adani awo.
Shark wam'madzi
Baby shark kokha mu theka lachiwiri la zaka zapitazo zidapezeka m'madzi a Nyanja ya Caribbean. Ndipo patadutsa zaka makumi awiri zokha atapezeka mtundu uwu wa nsombazi, adadziwika kuti: etmopterus perry. Dzina lofananalo linaperekedwa kwa zolengedwa zazing'ono polemekeza katswiri wotchuka wa sayansi ya zamoyo amene amaziphunzira.
Ndipo mpaka lero kuyambira mitundu ya shark yomwe ilipo palibe nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka padziko lapansi. Kutalika kwa anawa sikupitirira masentimita 17, ndipo akazi ndi ochepa kwambiri. Amachokera kubanja la nsomba zam'madzi akuya, ndipo kukula kwa nyama zotere sikungakhale kupitirira 90 cm.
Shark wam'madzi
Etmopterus perry, wokhala m'madzi akuya kwambiri akunyanja, pachifukwa chomwechi, adaphunziridwa zochepa kwambiri. Amadziwika kuti ndi ovoviviparous. Thupi lawo ndilautali, zovala zawo ndi zofiirira, zodziwika ndi mikwingwirima pamimba ndi kumbuyo. Maso a makanda ali ndi mwayi wotulutsa nyali yobiriwira kunyanja.
Sharki wamadzi
Kulongosola mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsombazi, zingakhale bwino osanyalanyaza anthu okhala m'madzi a m'derali. Zatchulidwa kale kuti nyama zam'madzi izi, ngakhale zokhala mokhazikika m'nyanja ndi nyanja, nthawi zambiri zimabwera kudzacheza, kuyendera nyanja, magombe ndi mitsinje, kusambira kumeneko kwakanthawi, kuthera gawo lalikulu la moyo wawo m'malo amchere. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndi ng'ombe yamphongo.
Koma sayansi imadziwa ndipo mitundu imeneyi imabadwa, imakhalabe ndi moyo ndikufa m'madzi oyera. Ngakhale izi ndizochepa. Padziko lonse la America, kuli malo amodzi okha omwe nsombazi zimakhala. Ili ndi nyanja yayikulu ku Nicaragua, yomwe ili m'chigawo cha dzina lomwelo ndi dzina lake, osati kutali ndi madzi a Pacific.
Sharki wamadzi
Zowononga izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri. Amakula mpaka 3 m ndikuukira agalu ndi anthu. Nthawi ina m'mbuyomu, amwenye, Amwenye, anali kuyika amitundu anzawo m'madzi a m'nyanjamo, potero amapatsa akufa kuti adye nyama zolusa.
Nsombazi zimapezekanso ku Australia ndi madera ena a Asia. Amadziwika ndi mutu wathunthu, thupi lokhazikika ndi mphuno yayifupi. Chiyambi chawo chakumtunda ndi imvi; pansi, monga achibale ambiri, ndi yopepuka kwambiri.
Shark wakuda wakuda
Banja la a shark imvi amtundu wonse wa shark ndilofalikira kwambiri komanso ambiri. Ili ndi mitundu khumi ndi iwiri, kuphatikiza mitundu yambiri. Oimira banja lino amatchedwanso sawtooth, omwe pawokha amalankhula za ngozi yawo ngati adani. Izi zikuphatikizapo shaki yakuda.
Cholengedwa ichi ndi chaching'ono kukula (anthu omwe amapangidwa amafika kwinakwake kutalika kwa mita), koma pachifukwa chomwechi amayenda modabwitsa. Nsomba zamtundu wakuda ndizomwe zimakhala mumchere womwe umasaka ma cephalopods, koma makamaka nsomba zamathambo.
Shark wakuda wakuda
Amadya ma anchovies, nyanja zam'madzi ndi nsomba zina zamtunduwu, komanso squid ndi octopus. Nsombazi ndizovuta kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kulanda nkhomaliro nkhomaliro kwa abale awo okulirapo. Komabe, iwonso akhoza kukhala ozunzidwa.
Thupi la zolengedwa zomwe zafotokozedwazo, monga mamembala ambiri am'banja lawo, limakhazikika. Mphuno yawo ndi yozungulira komanso yopingasa. Mano awo otukuka amathyoledwa, omwe amathandiza nsombazi zakuda kuti ziphe nyama zawo.
Zipangizo zakuthwa pakamwa zili ngati kanyumba kakang'ono ka oblique. Masikelo a Plakoid a kapangidwe kapadera, kodziwika kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zakufa zakale, amaphimba thupi la oimira nyama zam'nyanja.
Mtundu wawo ukhoza kuweruzidwa kuchokera ku dzina la banja. Nthawi zina mtundu wawo umakhala wopanda imvi yoyera, koma amawoneka wonyezimira kapena wobiriwira wachikasu. Chifukwa cha dzina la mitundu ya zolengedwa izi chinali chodziwika bwino - malo akuda kumapeto kwa mphuno. Koma chizindikirochi nthawi zambiri chimakongoletsa mawonekedwe a nsomba zazing'ono zokha.
Zowononga zoterezi zimapezeka pagombe la America, monga lamulo, zimakhala m'madzi amchere otsuka mbali yake yakum'mawa. Banja la shark imvi ladziwika kuti ndi odyera anzawo, koma ndi mtundu uwu womwe nthawi zambiri suukira anthu. Komabe, akatswiri amalangizabe kuti azisamala kwambiri ndi nyama zowopsa ngati izi. Ngati muwonetsa chiwawa, ndiye kuti mutha kukumana ndi mavuto.
Shaki yoyera
Zamoyo zoterezi zimaimiranso banja laimvi, koma zimalamulira mitundu ina. Sharketip shark ndi chilombo champhamvu chomwe chitha kukhala chowopsa kuposa achibale akuda akuda. Ndiwokwiya kwambiri, ndipo polimbana ndi olanda anzawo, nthawi zambiri amapambana motsutsana ndi anzawo m'banjamo.
Kukula kwake, nthumwi zamtunduwu zimatha kufikira mita zitatu m'litali, ndiye kuti nsombazi zazing'ono zimatha kugwa mosavuta ngati sizisamala.
Shaki yoyera
Zolengedwa zomwe zafotokozedwazo zimakhala m'madzi a Nyanja ya Atlantic, komanso zimapezeka ku Pacific ndi Indian. Mtundu wawo, kutengera dzina la banja, ndi imvi, koma ndi buluu, wonyezimira mkuwa, mimba yamtunduwu ndi yoyera.
Sizabwino kuti anthu akumane ndi zolengedwa zotere. Sizachilendo kuti zolengedwa zolimba mtima izi zizitsata mitundu ina. Ndipo ngakhale palibe imfa yomwe idalembedwa, zolusa zankhanza ndizokhoza kuthyola mwendo kapena mkono wa nthumwi ya anthu.
Komabe, munthu mwiniwake amapatsa whitetip shark zochepa, komanso nkhawa zambiri. Ndipo chidwi chaumunthu mwa iwo chimafotokozedwa mophweka: zonsezi ndi nyama yokoma ya oimira nyama izi.
Kuphatikiza apo, amayamikira: khungu, zipsepse ndi ziwalo zina za thupi lawo, chifukwa zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale. Usodzi wodya nyama mwadzidzidzi wachititsa kuchepa koopsa kwa chiwerengerochi m'madzi am'madzi a World Ocean.
Mdima wakuda shark
Mtundu uwu ndiwotheka kwina kuchokera kubanja lomwe lanenedwa kale. Shaki zotere zimatchedwanso Indo-Pacific, zomwe zikuwonetsa komwe amakhala. Sharktip shark amakonda madzi ofunda ndipo nthawi zambiri amasambira pafupi ndi miyala, ngalande ndi madambo.
Mdima wakuda shark
Nthawi zambiri amapanga mapaketi. Kaimidwe kake "kofunidwa" komwe amakonda kutengera umboni waukali wawo. Koma mwachilengedwe amakhala ndi chidwi, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri samachita mantha kapena kufunitsitsa kukankhira pa munthu, koma chidwi chophweka. Koma anthu akamazunzidwa, amathabe kuwukira. Amasaka usiku, ndipo amadya chimodzimodzi ndi abale awo m'banjamo.
Kukula kwa zolengedwa izi ndi pafupifupi mita 2. Mphuno yawo ndi yozungulira, thupi limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a torpedo, maso ake ndi akulu komanso ozungulira. Mtundu waimvi yakumbuyo kwawo imatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa kuwala ndi mdima wakuda, kumapeto kwa caudal kumadziwika ndikutulutsa kwakuda.
Gnarled shark
Pofotokoza za nsomba zaimvi, munthu sangatchule mbale wawo wamankhwala akhungu. Mosiyana ndi abale ena am'banja, omwe amapukutidwa, ma thermophilic ndipo amayesetsa kukhala ndi moyo pafupi ndi kotentha, nsombazi zimapezeka m'madzi ozizira.
Mawonekedwe a zolengedwa izi ndizachilendo. Thupi lawo ndi lochepa, mawonekedwe ake ndi okhota, mphuno imaloza komanso yayitali. Mitunduyi imachokera ku imvi mpaka ma bronze ndikuphatikizira kwa pinki kapena mithunzi yachitsulo. Mimba, mwachizolowezi, ndi yoyera kwambiri.
Gnarled shark
Mwachilengedwe, zolengedwa izi zimagwira ntchito mwachangu komanso mwachangu. Ziweto zazikulu nthawi zambiri sizimapangidwa, zimasambira zokha kapena pakampani yaying'ono. Ndipo ngakhale ali ndi kutalika kwa mita zitatu kapena kupitilira apo, nthawi zambiri amatha kuzunzidwa ndi nsombazi. Mitunduyi ndi yamtendere, poyerekeza ndi munthu. Mamembala ake ndiopanda tanthauzo, monga ena onse abanjali.
Shaki ya mandimu
Amadzipangira dzina lakuthupi lofiirira mwachikaso, nthawi zina ndikuwonjezera malankhulidwe apinki komanso, imvi, chifukwa ngakhale anali ndi utoto wakale, nsombazi ndi za banja limodzi. Zilombozi ndizokulirapo ndipo zimatha kutalika pafupifupi mamita atatu ndi theka ndikulemera kwa 180 kg.
Amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'madzi a Nyanja ya Caribbean ndi Gulf of Mexico. Amakonda kuyenda usiku, nthawi zambiri amazungulira pafupi ndi miyala yam'madzi ndikukopa diso lakuya. Zinyama zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimabisala ku mbadwo wakale wa nsombazi, zimagwirizana m'magulu, chifukwa zikakumana, zimatha kulowa m'mavuto, komabe, zimakhalanso nyama ya adani ena.
Shaki ya mandimu
Zilombozi zimadya nsomba ndi nkhono monga chakudya, koma mbalame zam'madzi zimakhalanso pakati pawo. Nthawi yobereka mwa oimira mitunduyo, yomwe imakhalanso ya viviparous, imachitika pambuyo pa zaka 12. Shaki zoterezi ndizankhanza mokwanira kupatsa munthu chifukwa chowopera.
Shark yam'madzi
Ili ndi mutu wopyapyala ndi thupi lochepa kotero kuti ndi kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka, imalemera pafupifupi 20 kg. Mtundu wakumbuyo kwa zamoyozi umatha kukhala bulauni kapena imvi yakuda, nthawi zina imakhala ndi mawanga odziwika.
Mitunduyi ndi yamtundu womwewo kuchokera kubanja laimvi, pomwe ndi mtundu wokhawo. Shark zam'madzi, malinga ndi dzina lawo, zimapezeka m'miyala yamiyala yamakorali, komanso m'nyanja ndi m'madzi osaya mchenga. Malo awo okhala ndi madzi am'nyanja za Indian ndi Pacific.
Shark yam'madzi
Nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana m'magulu, omwe mamembala awo amakonda kukhala m'malo obisika masana. Amatha kukwera m'mapanga kapena mozungulira pansi pa masoka achilengedwe. Amadyetsa nsomba zomwe zimakhala pakati pa miyala yamchere, komanso nkhanu, nkhanu ndi octopus.
Oimira akuluakulu amtundu wa shark atha kudyerera pa shark. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ozunzidwa ndi ena osaka madzi amchere, ngakhale nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimadya nawo. Zolengedwa izi zimapangitsa munthu chidwi, ndipo ndimakhalidwe oyenera, nthawi zambiri amakhala amtendere.
Shaki yamizere
Banja la shark wamaso akulu latenga dzina lakutchulira zasayansi chifukwa mamembala ake ali ndi maso akulu owoneka ngati oval. Banja lomwe latchulidwalo limaphatikizapo pafupifupi mitundu inayi. Mmodzi wa iwo amatchedwa: mitsinje ya shark, ndipo imagawidwa mu mitundu ingapo. Yoyamba mwa mitundu iyi yomwe ikufotokozedwa pano ndi nsombazi zachikasu.
Shaki yamizere
Zilombozi ndizochepa kukula, nthawi zambiri siziposa masentimita 130. Chiyambi chachikulu cha thupi lawo ndi bronze kapena imvi yopepuka, pomwe mikwingwirima yachikasu imawonekera. Shark wotere amasankha madzi a East Atlantic kuti akhale ndi moyo.
Zolengedwa izi zimatha kuwonedwa pagombe la mayiko monga Namibia, Morocco, Angola. Zakudya zawo makamaka ndi cephalopods, komanso nsomba zamathambo. Mtundu wa nsombazi siowopsa kwa anthu konse. M'malo mwake, ndi anthu omwe amadya nyama za nyama zam'madzi zotere. Ikhoza kusungidwa mchere komanso yatsopano.
Sharki yamizere yaku China
Monga dzina lokha limanena momveka bwino, nsombazi, monga zamoyo zam'mbuyomu, ndi za mtundu womwewo wa nsombazi, komanso amakhala m'madzi amchere pafupi ndi gombe la China.
Sharki yamizere yaku China
Zingakhale zabwino kuwonjezera pazambiri izi kuti zolengedwazi zimapezeka, kuphatikiza zonse, mu Pacific Ocean pafupi ndi gombe la Japan ndi mayiko ena omwe ali pafupi ndi China.
Malinga ndi kukula kwake, nsombazi ndizochepa kwambiri (osaposa 92 cm kutalika, koma nthawi zambiri ngakhale zazing'ono). Poona izi, makanda otere sangakhale owopsa kwa munthu. Komabe, nyama yawo yomwe imadyedwa, motero nthawi zambiri imadyedwa ndi anthu. Mphuno ya nsombazi ndizotalika. Thupi, maziko chachikulu cha imvi bulauni kapena imvi, akufanana ndi spindle mu mawonekedwe.
Mbalame shark
Sharki amtunduwu ndi okhawo amtundu wawo komanso mabanja awo omwe ali ndi dzina lomweli loyambirira: ma mustarkoed shark. Zilombozi zapeza dzina lakutchulidwazi chifukwa chofanana ndi nyama zodziwika bwino, makutu a kukula kwakukulu m'makona amlomo ndi masharubu omwe ali pamphuno.
Mamembala amtunduwu ndiocheperako kuposa kukula komwe kwafotokozedwako kale: masentimita 82 ndipo palibe china. Nthawi yomweyo, thupi la zolengedwa izi ndi lalifupi kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwathunthu kwa thupi lowonda kwambiri kumatheka chifukwa cha mchira wautali.
Mbalame shark
Omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zamchere amakonda madzi akuya mpaka 75 m, ndipo nthawi zambiri samakwera kupitirira mamitala khumi. Nthawi zambiri amasambira pansi pomwepo, amakonda kupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo komwe madzi amakhala amvula yambiri.
Zili za viviparous, zimapanga ana mpaka 7 nthawi imodzi. Chifukwa cha kusaka nyama, asodzi a agalu ali pamavuto akulu ndipo amatha kuzimiririka m'nyanja zamdziko lapansi kwamuyaya.
Zilombozi zimapezeka, monga lamulo, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Africa, ndipo zimagawidwa m'madzi pang'ono kumpoto mpaka Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Shark zamtunduwu zimawerengedwa kuti ndizabwino, osambira mwachangu komanso osaka kwambiri. Amadyetsa nyama zopanda mafupa, kupatula nsomba yomwe, imadyanso mazira ake.
Shaki ya Harlequin
Shaki ya Harlequin Ndi dzina la mtundu wamtundu wamizere ya shark shark. Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu yokhayo ya nsombazi ku Somalia. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe yatchulidwa kale, amadziwika kuti ndi ovoviviparous.
Kutalika kwawo nthawi zambiri sikupitilira 46 cm; Mtundu ndi wamawangamawanga, ofiira-ofiira; thupi limakhala lokhazikika, maso ali oval, mkamwa mwake ndi wamakona atatu. Amakhala kumadzulo kwa Indian Ocean.
Shaki ya Harlequin
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, zoterezi zidafotokozedwanso theka lachiwiri la zaka zapitazi. Zimamveka chifukwa chake zolengedwa izi zimabisika kwa anthu kwa nthawi yayitali. Amakhala mozama kwambiri, nthawi zina amafika 175 m.
Mulimonsemo, oimira ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa shark, monga lamulo, samakwera pamwamba kuposa 75 m. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nsombazi zidagwidwa pagombe la Somalia, pomwe oimira mitunduyo adalandira dzina lotere.
Shark Wokazinga
Zolengedwa izi, za mtundu ndi banja lomwe lili ndi dzina lomwelo, ndizodabwitsa m'njira zambiri. Pokhala nsomba zamatenda, monga nsomba zonse, zimawerengedwa ngati zotsalira, ndiye kuti, moyo womwe sunasinthe kuyambira nthawi ya geological, mtundu wa nyama. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe ena akale. Mwachitsanzo, kusakhazikika kwa msana.
Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe achilengedwewa ndi achilendo kwambiri, ndipo kuwayang'ana mutha kusankha posachedwa kuti mukuwona njoka zam'madzi, koma osati nsombazi. Mwa njira, anthu ambiri amaganiza choncho. Makamaka nsombazi zimafanana ndi zokwawa izi panthawi yomwe chilombochi chimapita kukasaka.
Shark Wokazinga
Omwe amachitiridwa zachinyengo amakhala nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri komanso ma cephalopods. Powona nyamayo ndikuthamangira kwa iyo, ngati njoka, nyama iyi imagwada ndi thupi lonse.
Ndipo nsagwada zake zazitali, zokhala ndi mizere yopyapyala ya mano akuthwa ndi ang'onoang'ono, zimasinthidwa kuti zizimeze ngakhale nyama yodabwitsa. Thupi la zolengedwa zotere limakutidwa ndi mtundu wa zikopa za khungu lofiirira.
Cholinga chawo ndikubisa malo otseguka. Pakhosi pake, zotupa za branchial zikalumikizana zimatenga tsamba lachangu. Zonsezi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi chovala, chomwe nsombazi zimatchedwa shaki zokazinga. Nyama zotere zimapezeka m'madzi a Pacific ndi Atlantic, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi kwambiri.
Wobbegong shark
Wobbegongs ndi banja lonse la nsombazi, logawika m'magulu awiri, komanso amagawika mitundu 11. Onse owayimira ali ndi dzina lachiwiri: ma carpet shark. Ndipo sizimangosonyeza mawonekedwe ake, ziyenera kuwonedwa kuti ndizolondola kwambiri.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsombazi zimangofanana kwambiri ndi abale awo ambiri amtundu wa shark, chifukwa thupi la wobbegongs ndilopanda modabwitsa. Ndipo chilengedwe chawapatsa mawonekedwe otere mwangozi.
Wobbegong carpet shark
Zinyama zolusa izi zimakhala pansi penipeni pa nyanja ndi nyanja, ndipo zikamapita kukasaka, zimakhala zosawoneka ndi nyama zawo momwemo. Zimaphatikizana ndi pansi, pomwe amayesa kukhalapo, zomwe zimathandizidwanso kwambiri ndi utoto wobisika wazilombozi.
Amadyetsa cuttlefish, octopus, squid ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Mutu wozungulira wama wobbangs pafupifupi umakhala umodzi wokhala ndi thupi lathyathyathya. Maso ang'onoang'ono sangawonekerepo.
Ziwalo zakukhudzidwa kwa nthumwi zotere zomwe zimayang'anira nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri ndi tinyanga tambiri tomwe timakhala pamphuno. Ziphuphu zapamaso zoseketsa, ndevu ndi masharubu zimawonekera pankhope zawo. Kukula kwa anthu okhala pansi kumadalira mitundu. Ena ali pafupifupi mita imodzi kukula kwake. Zina zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri.
Wolemba mbiri ya chizindikiro ichi ndi wobbegong wowoneka - chimphona cha mita zitatu. Nyamazi zimakonda kukhazikika m'madzi ofunda am'madera otentha kapena, makamaka, kwinakwake pafupi.
Amapezeka makamaka m'nyanja ziwiri: Pacific ndi Indian. Adyera ochenjera amakhala moyo wawo m'malo obisika pansi pa miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndipo ena samayesa konse kuukira.
Brownie shark
Umboni wina wosonyeza kuti dziko la nsombazi silikumveka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi goblin shark, yemwe amadziwika kuti goblin shark. Maonekedwe azilombozi amadziwika kwambiri kotero kuti, poyang'ana, nkovuta kuti akhale gulu la shark. Komabe, oimira nyama zam'nyanjayi amawerengedwa kuti ali otero, ponena za banja la scapanorhynchid.
Mitundu ya Brownie shark
Kukula kwa anthu okhala m'madzi amchere ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi kapena kupitirirapo. Mphuno yawo ndiyotalikirana modabwitsa, kwinaku ikutenga mawonekedwe a fosholo kapena opalasa. M'munsi mwake, mkamwa mumawonekera, wokhala ndi mano ambiri opotoka.
Zinthu zoterezi zimawoneka zosasangalatsa kwambiri, koma zosakanikirana ndi zotengeka. Ndicho chifukwa chake nsombazi zimapatsidwa mayina omwe atchulidwa kale. Kuti izi ziziwonjezedwa khungu lachilendo kwambiri, lopinki, lomwe cholengedwa ichi chimasiyana ndi zamoyo zina.
Imakhala yowonekera kwambiri, kotero kuti ngakhale mitsempha yamagazi imatha kuwona. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha ichi, nzika zakuya zam'nyanjazi zimakumana ndikusintha kowawa pakakwera kwambiri.
Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, osati maso ake okha, mwanjira zenizeni, amatuluka m'mphepete mwawo, komanso matumbo amatuluka pakamwa.Chifukwa chake ndikosiyana kwa kuthamanga pakatikati pa nyanja ndi pamwamba pake, zomwe ndizofala kuzinthu zoterezi.
Brownie shark
Koma izi sizinthu zonse zochititsa chidwi za zolengedwa izi. Mano awo, omwe atchulidwa kale, opindika amakhala pafupifupi atengera mano a nsombazi zisanachitike, makamaka popeza nsomba za mtunduwu zimawoneka ngati mizukwa yam'mbuyomu, yosungidwa pansi pa nyanja.
Mitundu ya oimira osowa achilengedwe ndi malire ake sakudziwika bwinobwino. Koma mwina nsomba za brownie zimapezeka m'nyanja zonse, kupatula, mwina, madzi okhawo a kumpoto.
Shark-mako
Kukula kwake, nsombazi ndizokulirapo ndipo zimakhala ndi utali wopitilira mita zitatu ndikulemera pafupifupi 100 kg. Ndi za banja la herring, chifukwa chake, monga oimira ena ena, amapatsidwa chilengedwe kuti azitha kutentha thupi kuposa madzi ozungulira.
Ndi chilombo chowopsa chomwe chimadziwika kuti chaphwanya mamba asanaukire. Zamoyo zoterezi zimamva fungo la nyama zomwe zingawombere. Anthu opanda nzeru otere amatha kuwukira anthu, koma mtundu wa anthu nawonso samanyoza nyama za nsombazi. Akhozanso kukhala ozunzidwa ndi zilombo zazikulu zamadzi amchere.
Shark mako
Mmaonekedwe, zolengedwa izi zimafanana ndi chokhotakhota, mphuno ndi yofanana, yopingasa. Mano awo ndi owonda modabwitsa komanso akuthwa. Thupi lakumtunda limakhala ndi utoto wabuluu, mimba yake imapepuka.
Mako shark amakhala m'nyanja yotseguka, m'malo otentha komanso otentha, ndipo amadziwika chifukwa chothamanga, komanso amatha kupanga zisangalalo. Liwiro la kuyenda kwawo m'madzi limafika 74 km / h, ndikudumphira m'madzi, nsombazi zimakwera mpaka 6 mita pamwamba.
Fox shark
A Shark a m'banjali, popanda chifukwa, alandila dzina loti ophera nyanja. Fox fox shark ndi cholengedwa chapadera chifukwa chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe za mchira wake pachakudya.
Kwa iye, ichi ndiye chida chotsimikizika, chifukwa ndi omwe amapatsa nsomba zomwe amadya nawo. Ndipo ziyenera kudziwika kuti pakati pa mtundu wa shark ndi momwe amasakira, ndiye yekhayo.
Fox shark
Mchira wa cholengedwa ichi ndi gawo lodabwitsa kwambiri la thupi, lomwe limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino owoneka kunja: chinsalu chapamwamba cha kumapeto kwake chimakhala chachitali kwambiri komanso chofanana ndi kukula kwa nsombayo, ndipo chitha kufika mamita 5. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa zoterezi zikugwiradi ntchito mchira wawo.
Mbalame zotchedwa Fox shark zimapezeka osati m'malo otentha okha, komanso m'madzi osakhazikika, otentha. Amakhala kunyanja ya Pacific pafupi ndi magombe a Asia, komanso nthawi zambiri amapita kukapemphera ku gombe la North America moyo wawo wonse.
Nyama yakutchire ya shark
Ichi ndi cholengedwa china chodabwitsa kwambiri kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsombazi. Ndizosatheka kusokoneza izi ndi aliyense wa abale ake. Chifukwa chake ndi mawonekedwe achilendo a mutu. Ndi chofewa ndipo chimakulitsidwa modabwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa nsombazo kukhala ngati nyundo.
Nyama yakutchire ya shark
Cholengedwa ichi sichowopsa. Sizowopsa kuti munthu akumane naye, chifukwa nyama zoterezi ndizopitilira mtundu wa bipedal. Banja la nsombazi lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 9. Pakati pawo, chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kutchula ndi shona wamkulu wotchedwa hammerhead shark, mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imatha kutalika mamita asanu ndi atatu.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi zolengedwa zam'madzi zotere ndizopezeka pamutu pamaselo ambirimbiri omwe amatenga zikoka zamagetsi. Izi zimawathandiza kuyenda mumlengalenga ndikupeza nyama.
Nsomba za silika
Nyamayi imadziwika kuti ndi ya banja laimvi. Masikelo a plakoid omwe amaphimba thupi lake ndi ofewa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake silk shark amatchedwa choncho. Mtundu uwu wamtundu wa shark umadziwika kuti ndiwofala kwambiri m'madzi ofunda anyanja padziko lonse lapansi. Pozama, nyama zotere nthawi zambiri zimatsika osaposa 50 m ndikuyesera kukhala pafupi ndi gombe lamakontinenti.
Nsomba za silika
Kutalika kwa nsombazi kumakhala pafupifupi 2.5 m, misa siyonso yayikulu kwambiri - kwinakwake pafupifupi 300 kg. Mtunduwo ndi wa imvi, koma mthunziwo umadzaza, umapereka chitsulo. Zodziwika bwino za nsombazi ndi izi: kupirira, kumva mwachidwi, chidwi komanso kuthamanga kwa mayendedwe. Zonsezi zimathandiza adani amenewa posaka.
Atakumana ndi nsomba zambiri m'njira, zimangoyenda mwachangu, ndikutsegula pakamwa pawo. Timakonda nsomba zomwe amakonda kwambiri. Nsombazi sizimaukira anthu mwachindunji. Koma anthu ena, akagonana, ayenera kusamala ndi mano akadyedwe amenewa.
Ng'ombe ya Atlantic
Shaki yotere imakhala ndi mayina ambiri. Chodabwitsa kwambiri cha mayina ndi, mwina, "porpoise". Ngakhale mawonekedwe azilombozi, omwe ndi am'banja la hering'i, akuyenera kuonedwa kuti ndi omwe amakonda kwambiri nsombazi.
Thupi lawo lili ngati torpedo, yayitali; zipsepse bwino; pali kamwa yayikulu, yokhala ndi zida, monga zikuyembekezeredwa, ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri; mchira fin ngati mawonekedwe a kachigawo. Mthunzi wa thupi lachilengedwe ndi imvi yabuluu, maso akulu akuda amaonekera pamphuno. Kutalika kwa thupi lawo kuli pafupifupi 3 m.
Nsomba ya Atlantic herring shark
Njira yamoyo wa nsombazi ndimayendedwe osasintha omwe amakhala kuyambira kubadwa mpaka kufa. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chawo komanso mawonekedwe ake. Ndipo amafa, ndikupita pansi pa nyanja.
Amakhala, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, m'madzi a Nyanja ya Atlantic, ndipo amakhala m'nyanja yotseguka komanso m'mphepete mwa kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Nyama ya nsombazi imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, ngakhale pakufunika kuphika musanadye.
Bahamian adawona nsombazi
Mitundu ya nsombazi, yomwe ndi ya banja la sawnose, ndiyosowa kwambiri. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa nyama zam'madzi izi ndizochepa kwambiri. Amapezeka ku Caribbean kokha, komanso kudera lochepa, kudera la Bahamas, Florida ndi Cuba.
Bahamian adawona nsombazi
Chodziwikiratu cha nsombazi, chomwe ndichifukwa cha dzinali, ndi mphuno yolimba komanso yolimba yomwe imatha kutambalala pang'ono komanso yayitali kutalika kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a thupi lonse. Mutu wa zolengedwa zotambasula ndikuthyolako pang'ono, thupi ndi locheperako, lopingika, lofiirira.
Zilombozi zimagwiritsa ntchito kukula kwawo, komanso tinyanga tating'ono, posaka chakudya. Zakudya zawo zimakhala zofanana ndi za anthu ambiri amtundu wa shark. Amakhala ndi: nkhanu, nyamayi, nkhanu, komanso nsomba zazing'ono zamfupa. Nsombazi nthawi zambiri sizipitilira masentimita 80 kukula, ndipo zimakhala mozama kwambiri.
