Tizilombo kapena mankhwala? Medvedka zonsezi. M'munda waulimi ndi maluwa, tizilombo ndi tizilombo. Nthawi yomweyo, madokotala amalangiza ufa kuchokera ku chimbalangondo ngati njira yothandizira khansa ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
Wamkulu wa Medvedka
Tizilombo timakhala ndi pherase. Enzymeyo imasungunula nembanemba ya chifuwa chachikulu ndipo imalepheretsa kugawanika kwa zotupa. Komabe, zimbalangondo sizodziwika ndi mankhwala aboma.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a chimbalangondo
Medvedka - tizilombo, mofanana ndi kiriketi. Monga iye, heroine wa m'nkhaniyi ali pachikhalidwe monga Orthoptera. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimapezeka ndi tizilombo. Medvedka amadziwika pakati pa ena:
- Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira masentimita 4 mpaka 10. Izi zikuganizira kukula kwa 2 filiform kumapeto kwa mimba. Zowonjezera zimatchedwa cerci. Kutalika kwa tinyanga tating'onoting'ono pamutu pa kachilomboka kunkaganiziridwanso.
- Pamdima wakuda pamwamba ndikubiriwira pamimba.
- Maso akulu. Amapezeka pa cephalothorax ya chimbalangondo.
- Gnawing zida zamkamwa. Nsagwada zimakankhidwira kutsogolo.
- Miyendo yakutsogolo imasanduka mafosholo kapena zikhadabo. Kapangidwe kake kakaphwa kamalola chimbalangondo kukumba pansi ngati timadontho. Ndi ndimiyendo yakutsogolo pomwe tizilombo timadula timitengo tating'onoting'ono ndikupanga timing'alu tomwe timatuluka.
- Kutalika koma kufupikitsa elytra. Mapiko ofewa amatuluka pansi pawo. Amapezeka kumbuyo kwa tizilombo.
- Chiwonetsero chachikulu. Imakhala pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chimbalangondo.
- Chipolopolo cholimba pa cephalothorax. Chingwe choterera, ngati chisoti, chimakwirira mutu wa tizilombo.
Zimbalangondo zimasiyana ndi ma crickets ena ofupikitsa tinyanga, kukulitsa kutsogolo kumbuyo ndikusintha miyendo yakutsogolo.Mu chithunzi chimbalangondo Sikuti imangokhala ngati tizilombo tachikulire, komanso ndi mphutsi.
Nyamulani mphutsi zazikulu za akulu
Achinyamata ndi ofanana ndi okhwima pogonana, koma alibe mapiko ndipo ndi ochepa kukula kwake.Mphutsi zimbalangondo kutuluka dzira. Ili mpaka mamilimita 3.5 kutalika. Mtundu wa dzira ndi wachikasu. Kuphulika kwa Brown ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira amapezeka.
Mitundu ya chimbalangondo
Mawu oti "chimbalangondo" amagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 100 ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timabowola. Onsewa ndi a Orthoptera ndipo amapanga banja limodzi. Amatchedwa kuti - zimbalangondo.
Banja lagawidwa m'mabanja:
- Gryllotalpa. Banjali limaphatikizapo chimbalangondo wamba, chofala ku Russia konse.
- Anayankha Zimbalangondo za banjali zimakhala pafupifupi ku South America konse komanso kumpoto.
- Marchandinae. Banjali limaphatikizapo chimbalangondo chakumiyendo khumi, chofala ku United States ndi Canada.
Tizilombo toyambitsa banja lililonse timagawidwa ndi mtundu. Ku Grulotaipa ndi Scapteriscinae alipo 6. M'mwezi wa Marchandinae alipo 5. Pafupifupi theka la mitunduyo ndi zotsalira. Zimbalangondo zina ndi zomwe zilipo kale.
Moyo wa tizilombo ndi malo okhala
Medvedka ndi tizilombokubisala mobisa. Zizindikiro zosadziwika zakupezeka kwa tizilombo ndi maenje omwe amakumbidwa nawo ndipo nthaka imamasulidwa kumtunda. Komabe, chimbalangondo chimasankha kale dothi lotayirira, lopepuka komanso lachonde. Khalidwe lomalizirali ndilofunikira pakukula kwa zomera zomwe tizilombo timadyetsa. Makhalidwe awiri oyambilira a dothi amapangitsa kuti chimbalangondo chizipitabe patsogolo.
Kuphatikiza pa kumasuka, tizilombo timayesa chinyezi cha nthaka. Malo othirira amasankhidwa. Kuchokera pansi pake, zimbalangondo zimawoneka usiku. Nthawi zina tizilombo zimawuluka. Amuna amalira nthawi yomweyo, koma osakongola kwambiri kuposa kricket. Mawu a chimbalangondo amatha kumveka pamtunda wa mamita 600.
Kuyankhulana kumakhala ngati njira yolumikizirana. Tizilombo timakonda kulankhulana usiku. Kukhala chete masana kumalumikizidwa ndikuopa mbalame. Mbalamezi zimawerengera komwe kuli chimbalangondo. Kuunikira ndiupangiri wowonjezera. Usiku, mbalame zikumva chimbalangondo, mbalame sizingawaone.
Maulendo oyamba obala pamwamba pa Russia ambiri adalembedwa mu Meyi, ndipo omaliza mu Seputembala. Tizilombo timakhala m'nyengo yozizira pakuya mita imodzi. Malo omwe tizilombo timakhala amakhala ndi masentimita 20 pansi pa dziko lapansi. Awa ndi msinkhu wachikulire. Achinyamata amakhala akuya masentimita 5-10, ndipo nyengo yachisanu ndi 25.
Tizilomboto timathamangira pansi pamtunda wa madigiri 50-60. Kumiza tizirombo m'nthaka kumapangitsa yankho la funso kuti, momwe ungachitire ndi chimbalangondo... Ana ndi mphutsi zitha kuperekedwa kwa nkhuku ndi mbalame zakutchire pofukula dothi lapamwamba kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Tizilombo tofa nato sitikhala ndi nthawi yopulumukira ku mbalame zanjala. Koma chochita ndi tizirombo akuluakulu kubisala mozama kwambiri? Zambiri za izi m'mutu womaliza. Pakadali pano, tiyeni tiwone zomwe chimbalangondo chingawononge patsamba lino.
Chakudya cha Medvedka
Nyongolotsi, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mphutsi, manyowa, humus, mizu, zimayambira, mbewu za mbewu. Pano chomwe chimbalangondo chimadya. Zakudya za akulu ndi nyama zazing'ono ndizofanana. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kwake, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono nthawi zambiri timakhutira ndi zakudya zazomera, ndipo okhwima - ndi nyama.
Pakati pa mphutsi za kachilomboka, kafadala amakonda ana a Colorado, May mitundu ndi ladybirds. Pofunafuna nyama, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwetsa nthaka kuti kubzala kwachikhalidwe kufere chifukwa chowononga mizu. Mwanjira ina, zimbalangondo sizidya kwambiri koma zimawononga zokolola.
Medvedka amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazirombo zoyipa kwambiri pazomera zaulimi
Poganizira zaubwino wa chimbalangondo m'mankhwala amtundu, ena amapatsira dala tizilombo m'malo mwawo kapena kunyumba. Nthawi zina, tizilombo timasungidwa, monga akunenera, kuti mzimu, monga mitundu ina ya akangaude, mphemvu.
Funso ndi momwe mungadyetse chiweto chanu kunyumba. Nyama imakana masamba, maapulo, nkhaka, mbatata ndi strawberries. Ndiwo, malinga ndi ambiri amaluwa amaluwa, ndiwo zokoma za chimbalangondo. Komabe, zowona, ziweto zimasankha:
- nyama yosungunuka
- Gammarus crustacean amagulitsidwa ngati chakudya cha nsomba
- phala laling'ono la tirigu
- tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe kunyumba ndizofala kupereka chimbalangondo chophwanyidwa patebulo
Ndimasankha zakudya zimbalangondo, ndikofunikira kupewa zakudya zonunkhira kwambiri. Tizilombo timakonda fungo lamphamvu. Izi, mwanjira ina, zikusonyeza njira yothetsera nyama ngati ili tizilombo, osati mankhwala osakaniza kapena chiweto.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Medvedka ndi tizilombo kapena nyamakupanga chisa panthaka. Nthaka yokhotakhota imakhala ngati makoma ake. Mkati muli chipinda chokhala ndi mazira. Chisa chimakhala pafupi ndi nthaka, nthawi zambiri pambali pa dzuwa. Nthawi yoberekera zimbalangondo imayamba mu Meyi ndipo imatha kumapeto kwa theka la Juni. Pakadali pano, tizilombo timakonda kwambiri usiku.
Zimatenga mwezi kuti mphutsi zituluke m'mazira. Ana obadwa kumene alibe mapiko, amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, monga ziwala, miyendo ya kumbuyo. Achinyamata amakhalanso ndi nsagwada zofooka. Amangoluma mizu yaying'ono, mbozi zazing'ono, komanso kutafuna manyowa.
Komabe, nsagwada za bere wamkulu sizokwanira kuluma munthu. Koma tizilombo tikhoza kutsina kutsogolo, miyendo yosinthidwa ndi chala. Minga yotuluka m'miyendo ya tizilombo timakumba pakhungu ngati ziboda. Chifukwa chake kufunsa kawirikawiri Kodi chimbalangondo chimaluma... Olima wamaluwa amalakwitsa kuluma zomwe sizili kwenikweni.
Olima wamaluwa osadziwa zambiri amasokoneza mphutsi za kachilomboka ndi mphutsi
Kutembenukira kwa achikulire, kunyamula mphutsi molt nthawi 8-10, kupeza "chipolopolo" chatsopano. Zimatenga zaka 1-2 kuti zikule. 1.5 yotsala kuti iberekenso. Zimbalangondo sizikhala zaka zopitilira 3.5.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tikafa tokha, amadya osati mbalame nthawi zonse. M'mayiko aku Asia, mwachitsanzo ku Thailand, zimbalangondo zimawerengedwa kuti ndizabwino. M'mayiko ena, tizilombo timatengedwa kuti tizisodza ngati nyambo. Chifukwa chake zimbalangondo zimagwera pakamwa pa ma piki ndi zowakomera.
Momwe mungachitire ndi chimbalangondo
Osakondanso kununkhira kovuta, zimbalangondo zimachoka m'malo omwe adyo, anyezi, parsley, timbewu tonunkhira, alder, chitumbuwa cha mbalame zimakula. Ndikokwanira kuwaphatikiza pabedi ndi mbewu zina kuti muteteze mundawo.
Mwa njira zamankhwala zothana ndi tizilombo, titchula kumasula nthaka kwambiri ndikusintha kwa zigawo. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuteteza tizilombo kuti tisatenge malowa. Nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi manyowa, omwe nthaka imathiridwa.
Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa nthaka kugwa, mutatha kukolola, kutangotsala nyengo yozizira, kuti tizilombo tisasinthe ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira. M`pofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito otchedwa okhwima manyowa.
Mwa njira za agrotechnical zowononga tizilombo, kufalitsa njere za chimanga zapoizoni patsambali ndikofunikira. Amadziviika mu Vofatox kapena kukonzekera komweku. Ndichizolowezi chake kuti azikonza kanjira kasupe.
Medvedka ndi tizilombo tomwe timatha kusambira ndikuuluka
Chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamasamba amachepetsedwa ndi 80-90%. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndizoyenera pakukhazikika kwa tsambalo. Mawuwa amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa nthaka ya tizilombo. Payenera kukhala 3 kapena kuposa zimbalangondo pa mita lalikulu.
Phulusa limatha kusintha mankhwala. Maonekedwe ake amchere ndi fungo lake amateteza tizilombo. Medvedki samayandikira mabedi, m'mbali mwake momwe phulusa lafotokozedwera. Komabe, panthaka yamchere komanso yopanda ndale, ndiyabwino kwambiri, imakulitsa nthaka, kusokoneza chitukuko cha mbewu zambiri. Popeza zimbalangondo zimakonda dampness, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira yothirira mbewu popanda kusefukira.
Izi sizodzaza osati kokha ndi kubereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso ndi mizu yowola. Ngakhale zimbalangondo zimawopseza alimi, tizilombo titha kukhalanso tothandiza. Pogwiritsira nthaka moyenera, zimbalangondo zimamasula. Izi zimathandizira kupezeka kwa mpweya pansi, zomwe ndizofunikira pakukula kwa zomera.
