Nyama za Savannah. Malongosoledwe, mayina ndi mawonekedwe a nyama zamtchire

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Savannahs amatchedwa malo onga steppes. Kusiyanaku ndikumapeto kwa kukhalapo kwa madera odzaza ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba. M'mapiri wamba, mitengo ikuluikulu ndi udzu zochepa zokha ndizomwe zimapezeka pafupi ndi nthaka.

M'mapululu, muli udzu wotalika kwambiri, wokhala pafupifupi mita. Biotope imapezeka m'maiko otentha okhala ndi malo okwera komanso nyengo youma. Nyama zotsatirazi zasinthidwa mogwirizana ndi izi:

Kudu antelope

Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ang'ono ndi akulu. Omalizawa amakhala m'masamba aku Africa, omwe amakhala pafupifupi theka la kontrakitala, kulikonse. Kududu yaying'ono imangokhala ku Somalia, Kenya ndi Tanzania. Apa ndipomwe kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yayikulu kumatha.

Ng'ombe zazikulu ndi zazikulu zimakhala ndi mtundu wofanana - chokoleti buluu. Mikwingwirima yopingasa pa thupi ndi yoyera. Nyanga nyama zakutchire kuvala mwauzimu. Mumitunduyi, amafikira mita imodzi ndi theka m'litali. Ng'ombe yaying'ono imakhutira ndi masentimita 90.

Nyanga za Kudu ndi chida chankhondo ndi chitetezo. Chifukwa chake, munyengo yokhwima, amuna amatembenuzira mitu yawo akazi, kukhala chammbali kwa iwo. Chifukwa chake amuna amawonetsa mzimu wamtendere, wachikondi.

Njovu

Nyama za Savannah sakudziwa cholengedwa chokulirapo. Komabe, popita nthawi, njovu zimayamba kuchepa. M'zaka 100 zapitazi, alenje amapha anthu ndi mitu ikuluikulu. Izi zinali njovu zazikulu kwambiri komanso zazitali kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1956, mwamuna wina wolemera matani 11 anawomberedwa ku Angola. Kutalika kwa nyama kunali pafupifupi mita 4. Kutalika kwa njovu zaku Africa ndi 3 mita.

Ngakhale njovu yomwe yangobadwa kumene imalemera makilogalamu 120. Kubala kumatenga pafupifupi zaka 2. Iyi ndi mbiri pakati pa nyama zapamtunda. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti ubongo wa njovu ndiwopatsa chidwi, wolemera kuposa ma kilogalamu asanu. Chifukwa chake, njovu zimatha kudzipereka, chifundo, zimadziwa kulira, kumvera nyimbo ndi kusewera zida, kujambula, kutenga maburashi mu thunthu lawo.

Girafi

Imaposa njovu kutalika, mpaka pafupifupi 7 mita, koma osalemera. Kutalika kwa lilime la nyamalayi kokha ndi masentimita 50. Kutalika kumeneku kumalola kuti nyamayo igwire masamba owiritsa kuchokera pamwamba pamiyala yamtengo.

Khosi limathandizanso. Kutalika kwake kumapitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a msinkhu wa nyamalayi. Kutumiza magazi ku "malo okwera kwambiri", mtima wa wokhalamo savanna umakulitsidwa mpaka kufika pa kilogalamu 12.

Nyama za Savannah, amatha kufikira korona mosavuta, koma osafikira pansi. Kuti mumwe, muyenera kukhotetsa miyendo yakutsogolo.

Mbidzi

Mitundu yochititsa chidwi ya ungulate ndi njira yochotsera ntchentche za tsetse ndi ntchentche zina. Mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera imawonekera mosiyanasiyana. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha kwa kutentha kumachitika pakati pa mizere. Izi, kuphatikiza, zimasokoneza ntchentche. M'dziko la tizilombo, mitundu yapoizoni, yowopsa ndimitundu ya mbidzi.

Nyama zambiri zomwe zili ndi mitundu yochititsa chidwi, anawo amabadwira mumtundu umodzi. Chitsanzocho chimayamba mwana akakula. Mbidzi zimabadwa mikwingwirima nthawi yomweyo. Chitsanzocho ndichapadera, monga zala zamunthu.

Flamingo ya pinki

Pali mitundu iwiri ku Africa: zazing'ono ndi wamba. Mofanana ndi antelope, amasiyana kukula kwake. Mawu achi Latin akuti "flamingo" amatanthauza "moto". Ichi ndi chisonyezero cha mitundu yowala ya mbalamezo. Mtunduwo umatengedwa kuchokera ku nkhanu zomwe mbalame zimadya.

Ma flamingo obadwa kumene amakhala oyera kapena otuwa. Nthenga zimadzaza ndi pinki pofika zaka zitatu. Awa ndi malo otha msinkhu. Pofuna kuikira mazira, mbalame zotchedwa flamingo zimamanga zisa zawo m'matope, zomwe sizigwirizana kwenikweni ndi mbalame zokongola.

Mkango

Padziko lapansi la mikango, anthu opitilira 50 zikwi amakhalabe. M'zaka zapitazi, wamwamuna wolemera makilogalamu 318 adawomberedwa. Kutalika kwa mphaka kunali 335 masentimita. M'zaka za zana lino, palibe zimphona zotere zomwe zatsala. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mkango ndi 200 kilogalamu.

Amuna amtunduwo ali ndi mane pazifukwa. Pakamenyedwa akazi ndi madera, mano a otsutsana amakakamira muubweya. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa manewa kumaweruzidwa ndi azikazi azimuna posankha zibwenzi. Kodi nyama mu savanna ndi ziti? wochuluka kwambiri, choncho akazi a mtunduwo amakonda.

Ng'ona wa ku Africa

Ng'ona za ku Africa zimatchedwa ng'ona za ku Nailo. Komabe, malinga ndi magawidwe azachilengedwe, iyi ndi mtundu umodzi wokha mwa mitundu itatu yomwe ikukhala pakoniyi. Palinso ng'ona zopindika komanso zopanda mphuno. Otsatirawa amapezeka ku Africa, osapezeka kunja kwa malire ake.

Mwa zokwawa zamoyo, ng'ona amadziwika kuti ndi gulu kwambiri. Asayansi amadalira kupuma kwamanjenje, mantha, komanso kuzungulira kwa magazi. Ng'ona zili pafupi kwambiri ndi ma dinosaurs ndi mbalame zamakono zomwe zatha kuposa zokwawa zina za nthawi yathu ino.

Chipembere

Zipembere - Africa savannah, wachiwiri kukula kwake ndi njovu zokha. Ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 5 mita ndi kutalika kwa 2 mita, chinyama chimalemera pafupifupi matani 4. Nyanga pamphuno ikhoza kukwera masentimita 150.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya zipembere ku Africa: zoyera ndi zakuda. Yotsirizira ili ndi nyanga zisanu. Yoyamba ndipamwamba kwambiri, zotsatirazi zili pansipa. Zipembere zoyera zilibe zoposa nyanga zitatu. Ndi zotumphukira pakhungu zomwe zimafanana ndi ziboda kapangidwe kake.

Nyama yamphongo yabuluu

Mitundu yambiri, yogawidwa osati m'malo okha otetezedwa. Pakufota, nyumbu imafika mita imodzi ndi theka. Kulemera kwa ungulate kumafika makilogalamu 270. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana osati utoto wabuluu, komanso mikwingwirima yakuda yakutsogolo kutsogolo kwa thupi.

Nyumbu zimasamuka kawiri pachaka. Cholinga chake ndikusaka madzi ndi zitsamba zoyenera. Nyumbu zimadya zochepa zokha. Pofuna kuwasesa m'dera limodzi, agwapewo amathamangira kwa ena.

Mphungu Fisher

Ali ndi nthenga zoyera pamutu ndi m'khosi, zomwe zimafikira m'makona atatu pachifuwa ndi kumbuyo. Thupi la mphungu limakhala lakuda bulauni. Mlomo wa mbalameyi ndi wachikasu ndikumada kumapeto. Mapazi a angler amakhalanso achikasu, okhala ndi nthenga mpaka utoto.

Chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame yakutchire, yokhazikika yokha. Chiwombankhanga china chikalowa pamalo ophera nsomba, pamakhala mikangano yoopsa pakati pa mbalamezo.

Cheetah

Imafulumira mpaka makilomita 112 paola m'masekondi atatu. Kuyenda koteroko kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Kuti muwabwezeretse, nyalugwe nthawi zonse amasaka. Kwenikweni, pofuna kusaka nyama, chilombocho chimakula mwachangu kwambiri. Nayi bwalo loipa.

Moyo wa nyama ya Savannah Ikhoza kusokonezedwa pambuyo poti zisachitike bwino khumi. Pa 11-12, monga lamulo, palibe mphamvu zotsalira. Adyerawo amagwa chifukwa chotopa.

Mvuu

Amatchedwanso mvuu. Mawuwa amapangidwa ndi mawu achi Latin awiri, omwe amamasuliridwa kuti "kavalo wamtsinje". Dzinali likuwonetsa kukonda nyama kwa madzi. Mvuu zimalowerera mmenemo, ndikugwa pansi ngati chizimbwizimbwi. Pali nsomba pansi pamadzi zomwe zimatsuka mkamwa mwawo, khungu lawo.

Pali nembanemba zosambira pakati pa zala zanyama. Mafuta amathandizanso kuti pakhale mphamvu. Mphuno za mvuu zimatseka pansi pamadzi. Kutulutsa mpweya kumafunika mphindi zisanu zilizonse. Chifukwa chake, mvuu nthawi zina zimakweza mitu yawo pamwamba pamadzi.

Pakamwa pa mvuu pamatsegulidwa madigiri 180. Mphamvu yoluma ndi makilogalamu 230. Izi ndizokwanira kutenga moyo wa ng'ona. Ndi nyama yokwawa, mvuu zimasinthitsa zakudya zamankhwala. Zoti mvuu ndi nyama zimadya ndizopezeka m'zaka za zana la 21.

Njati

Pachithunzicho, nyama zakusavana zimawoneka zosangalatsa. Palibe zodabwitsa, chifukwa kutalika kwa njati ndi pafupifupi 2 mita, ndipo kutalika ndi 3.5. Mamita omalizawa amagwera mchira. Amuna ena amalemera mpaka tani. Kulemera kwapakati ndi 500-900 kilogalamu. Akazi ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna.

Zikuwoneka kuti njati zonse ndizopsinjika komanso zimakhala tcheru. Izi ndi zotsatira zakudziwika kwa kapangidwe ka osasunthika. Mutu wa njati umakhala pansi pamzere wolunjika kumbuyo.

Kambuku

Amphaka ang'ono kwambiri. Kutalika kwa kambuku kufota sikupitilira masentimita 70. Kutalika kwa nyama ndi 1.5 mita. Kuchuluka kwa mvula kofunika kuti kambuku akhazikike m'chipululu kulinso ndi bala laling'ono.

Mphaka amakhala mmenemo pokhapokha ngati madzi osachepera masentimita asanu agwa kuchokera kumwamba mchaka chimodzi. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mvula kumeneku kumachitika ngakhale m'zipululu. Akambuku amakhalanso komweko.

Mtundu wa kambuku umadalira malo ozungulira. Mu savannah, amphaka nthawi zambiri amakhala a lalanje. M'zipululu, nyama zimakhala ndi mawu amchenga.

Nkhuni

Anthu wamba okhala ku East Africa. Anyani kumeneko adazolowera kusaka limodzi. Antelopes amakhala ozunzidwa. Anyani amamenyera nyama chifukwa sakonda kugawana. Tiyenera kusaka limodzi, chifukwa apo ayi anthu osayenerera sangaphedwe.

Baboons ndi anzeru, osavuta kuweta. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aigupto akale. Ankaweta anyani powaphunzitsa kuti asonkhanitse masiku kuchokera kuminda.

Mbawala Grant

Zomera zaku Savannah olembedwa mu Red Book yapadziko lonse. Pali anthu pafupifupi 250,000. Ambiri mwa iwo amakhala m'malo otetezedwa m'mapaki achitetezo aku Africa.

Maonekedwe amatha kudziwika ndi mtundu wa beige wa malaya amfupi, mimba yoyera, kuda kwamiyendo ndi mabala otupa kumaso. Kukula kwa mbawala sikudutsa masentimita 90, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi ma 45 kilos.

Mbawala ya Thomson ndiyofanana ndi mbawala ya Grant. Komabe, yoyamba, nyangazi zimakhala zooneka ngati zingwe, ngati zopangidwa ndi mphete zosiyana. M'munsi mwa zotuluka, m'mimba mwake ndikulimba. Kutalika kwa nyanga ndi masentimita 45-80.

Nthiwatiwa za ku Africa

Mbalame yopanda ndege ya mita ziwiri ndi 150 kilogalamu. Ndi wamkulu kuposa mbalame zina. Popeza idalephera kuuluka, nthiwatiwa idaphunzira kuthamanga pa liwiro la makilomita 70 pa ola limodzi. Popanda braking, mbalameyo imatha kusintha mwamphamvu komwe ikuyenda. Kuphatikiza apo, nthiwatiwa imatha kuwona bwino liwiro.

Nthiwatiwa ilibe mano. Chifukwa chake, monga nkhuku, mbalame imameza miyala. Amathandizira kugaya zakudya zamasamba ndi zomanga thupi m'mimba.

Oryx

Oryxes - nyama zakutchire, omwe ana awo amabadwa ndi nyanga. Kwa ana, amatetezedwa ndi matumba achikopa. Pamene oryx imakula, nyanga zowongoka zimadutsa pakati pawo. Iwo ali ngati a oryx ya savannah. Palinso mitundu ya Arabia ndi Sahara. Awo ali ndi nyanga zopindika kumbuyo.

Oryx ndi nyama yofiira. Savannah ndiyofala kwambiri. Koma Saharan Oryx yomaliza idawonedwa zaka 20 zapitazo. Mwina nyamayo yatha. Komabe, anthu aku Africa nthawi ndi nthawi amalankhula ndi anthu omwe sanakumanepo. Komabe, mawuwa sanalembedwe.

Nkhumba

Iyi ndi nkhumba yakutchire yokha yomwe imakumba maenje. Warthog amakhala mwa iwo. Nthawi zina nkhumba imalandanso maenje a nyama zina kapena imakhala yopanda kanthu. Akazi amatenga maenje akuluakulu. Ayeneranso kukwana anawo. Mabowo amphongo ndi ocheperako, mpaka 3 mita kutalika.

Nkhumba za nkhumba zimachita manyazi. Izi zidalimbikitsa nkhumba za savannah kuti zifike pamtunda wamakilomita 50 pa ola limodzi. Zikwangwani za zipolopolo zimathamangira ku maenje kapena zitsamba za tchire. Nkhumba zina sizingathe kuthamanga chonchi.

Khwangwala wamanyanga

Ndi mbalame yotchedwa hoopoe. Kutalika kwake kumafika mita ndikulemera makilogalamu 6. Mutu wawung'ono umavekedwa ndi mlomo wautali, wokulirapo, wokhotakhota womwe umakhala pamwamba pake. Mchira, khosi ndi mapiko a khwangwala ndi aatali, ndipo thupi ndi lolimba. Nthenga ndi zakuda. Khungu la mbalameyi ndi lofiira. Izi zitha kuwoneka m'malo opanda kanthu ozungulira maso ndi khosi.

Achinyamata, khungu lopanda kanthu la khwangwala ndi lalanje. Mutha kuwona mbalameyi ku Kenya, kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kum'mawa kwa Africa.

Fisi

Za iye pali mbiri zoipa. Nyamayo imadziwika kuti ndi yamantha ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhala yoipa. Komabe, asayansi akuwona kuti fisi ndiye mayi wabwino kwambiri pakati pa nyama zoyamwitsa. Ana agalu amadya mkaka wa m'mawere kwa miyezi 20 ndipo ndiwo oyamba kudya. Amayi amathamangitsa amuna pachakudya, kulola ana. Mwachitsanzo, kwa mikango, anawo modzichepetsa amadikirira atate wawo kuti adzadye.

Fisi amadya osati nyama yokha. Anthu okhala ku Savannah amakonda zipatso zowutsa mudyo ndi mtedza. Akadya, afisi nthawi zambiri amagona pafupi ndi pomwe adyera.

Aardvark

Woimira yekha gulu la aardvark. Nyamayo imabwereranso, imawoneka ngati nyama yakudya komanso imadyanso nyerere, koma ndiyamtundu wina wazinyama. Makutu a Aardvark, ngati kalulu.

Mphuno ya nyamayo imafanana ndi thunthu kapena payipi yoyeretsera. Mchira wa aardvark ndi wofanana ndi khoswe. Thupi limakumbutsa mwana wa nguluwe. Kukhulupirira kumawoneka m'masamba akumwera kwa Sahara.

Ngati ulendo waku Africa sunakonzekeredwe, mutha kulingalira za aardvark m'malo osungira nyama ku Russia. Mu 2013, mwa njira, mwana wamtundu wachilendo anabadwira ku Yekaterinburg. M'mbuyomu, sikunali kotheka kupeza ana obadwa m'ndende.

Guinea mbalame

Mbalame zazikazi zinkaweta. Komabe, anthu omasuka adatsalira mwachilengedwe. Ndi za nkhuku. Kukula kwa mbalame ndi kukula kwa nkhuku. Komabe, omalizawa sangathe kuwuluka. Mbalame ya Guinea imakwera kumwamba, ngakhale movutikira, - mapiko amfupi komanso ozungulira amasokoneza.

Mbalame ku Guinea zili ndi gulu lotukuka. Mitundu yamitundumitundu imasungidwa m'magulu. Makinawa adapangidwa kuti apulumuke mikhalidwe ya savannah.

Nungu

Pakati pa nungu, African ndiye wamkulu kwambiri. Pakati pa makoswe, nyama nayonso ilibe yofanana. Mitengo ina ya nungu ndi yayitali kuposa iyo. Anthu aku Africa sakudziwa kuponya "mikondo" kwa adani, ngakhale pali nthano yotere.

Nyama imangokweza singano mozungulira. Machubu kumchira ndi opanda pake. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, nkhandweyo imayendetsa singano zake mchira, ndikupanga phokoso. Amaopseza adani, pokumbukira mfuwu wa njoka.

Pankhondo, zolembera za nungu zimasweka. Ngati simungathe kuwopseza mdani, nyamayo imathamanga mozungulira wolakwayo, yotopetsa komanso yolasa. Masingano osweka amakula.

Dikdick

Sipita patali mu savanna, kutsatira mozungulira pake. Cholinga chake ndikuti mphalapala yaying'ono imafunika kuphimba ngati nkhalango zowirira. Mwa iwo ndikosavuta kuti ungrate abwerere pafupifupi theka la mita ndi 30 cm kutalika. Kulemera kwa Dikdik sikupitilira kilogalamu 6.

Zamoyo zamtunduwu zilibe nyanga. Kujambula mwa amuna ndi akazi osiyanasiyana ndizofanana. Mimba ya antelope ndi yoyera, pomwe thupi lonse limakhala lofiirira kapena lofiirira.

Owomba nsalu

Wachibale waku Africa wa mpheta yofiira. Mwambiri, pali mitundu yoposa 100 ya owomba nsalu. Pali mayina khumi m'masamba a Africa. Woluka wa makhadi ofiyira ndiofala kwambiri.

Africa ili ndi oluka 10 biliyoni. 200 miliyoni akuwonongedwa pachaka. Izi sizimaika pangozi kukula kwa mtunduwo.

Bulu wakuthengo waku Somalia

Kupezeka ku Ethiopia. Mtundu womwe watsala pang'ono kutha. Pali mizere yakuda yopingasa pa miyendo ya nyama. Bulu waku Somalia uyu amafanana ndi mbidzi. Pali kufanana mu kapangidwe ka thupi.

Anthu oyera sanatsalire ku Africa. M'malo osungira nyama ndi malo osungira nyama, anthu osagwirizana nthawi zambiri amawoloka ndi bulu waku Nubian. Mbewuzo zimatchedwa nyama zakutchire zaku Eurasia... Mwachitsanzo, ku Basel, Switzerland, abulu osakanizidwa 35 abadwa kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1970.

Abulu odziwika bwino ku Somalia kunja kwa Africa amapezeka m'malo osungira nyama ku Italy.

Zowonjezera za Australia ndi America nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa savanna. Komabe, akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amagawana biotopes. Nyama za Savannah zaku South America molondola amatchedwa okhala pampas. Limeneli ndilo dzina lenileni la steppes. Nyama za Savannah zaku North America ali kwenikweni nyama zakutchire. M'madera amenewa, monga ku South America, maudzu ndi ochepa, ndipo pamakhala mitengo ndi tchire.

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Onerani kanemayo: Msandipitilile Yesu (November 2024).