Nkhanu za Kamchatka Kwa nthawi yayitali anali chakudya chokoma chomwe aliyense sangakwanitse. Mtengo wokwera wa mankhwalawa makamaka chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zingabuke mukamagwira nkhanu.
Asodzi amayenera kuyamba kugwira nkhanu mu Okutobala, koma sizotheka nthawi zonse kupeza nsomba zambiri. Nthawi zina, nsomba zachilendo zimatha kupezeka kumayambiriro kwa Januware. Nkhanu zimakololedwa mu Nyanja ya Bering, komwe nthawi imeneyi pachaka kutentha kwamadzi kumatsika kwambiri, nthawi zina mpaka madigiri 4 a Celsius.
Mtengo wokwera wa ntchito umalumikizidwanso ndi zoopsa zazikulu zomwe zimadza chifukwa chopita kunyanja mphepo yamkuntho. Pakadali pano, mafundewo amafika kutalika kwa mita 3, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti oyendetsa sitima azilimbikira. Ena a iwo amayerekezera ntchito yawo ndi chosakhazikika, ndi kusiyana komwe amafunikira kuti akhalebe kwa iwo masiku angapo motsatizana popanda kupumula.
Sikuti munthu aliyense akhoza kupirira zinthu ngati izi. Palibe m'modzi mwa asodzi omwe satetezedwa ndi kugwa m'nyanja, komwe kumamwalira. Mwa chiopsezo kugwira nkhanu Titha kufananizidwa ndi zochitika zina panthawi yankhondo m'malo otentha.
Ngakhale panali zovuta zonse, usodzi wa nkhanu sunangocheperachepera posachedwa, koma ukupita patsogolo. Izi ndichifukwa chakuchotsa zoletsa kugwira nkhanu, zomwe zidatengera zaka za m'ma 90 zapitazo, pomwe anthu amtunduwu adatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa ndi asodzi akuda. Pakadali pano, zoletsa zonse zachotsedwa, chifukwa chake amalonda amagwiritsa ntchito mphindi ino kukulitsa phindu lawo.
Crab ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yowopsa
Sikuti nkhanu zonse ku Kamchatka ndizofanana
Ngakhale kufanana, akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya nkhanu - nkhanu yofiira ya "king" ndi "strigun". Ngati nkhanu za chipale chofewa nthawi zambiri zimalemera 0,5 mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu, komanso ndizofala, ndiye kuti nkhanu yofiira ndi chikho chenicheni chomwe chimalemera makilogalamu 3-5. Nkhanu yaikulu kwambiri ku Kamchatka inali yolemera makilogalamu 12, ndipo kutalika kwa mwendo uliwonse kunali mita imodzi ndi theka.
Nkhanu za Kamchatka zimagawidwanso m'magulu ambiri, kutengera malo omwe amakhala. Mwachitsanzo, nkhanu za West Kamchatka ndi Ayano-Shantar zimapezeka mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk, ndipo nkhanu ya Bristol imapezeka mu Nyanja ya Bering. Pali subspecies yomwe imapezeka pafupi ndi Pacific Pacific pafupi ndi United States - nkhanu ya Alaska.
Pachithunzicho ndi nkhanu ya Kamchatka Strigun
Mbali kusaka nkhanu Kamchatka
Usodzi ku Kamchatka umayamba kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 Okutobala ndipo umatha mpaka Meyi. Nthawi yosaka imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi mawonekedwe a moyo wa nyama. Mu Meyi, kuyikira mazira kumayamba ndipo nthawi yoberekayi imatha mu Seputembara, pamene nkhanu zazing'ono zimatuluka. Komanso, nkhanu zachikazi ndi zachikazi zimapita kumalo osungunuka.
Kumeneku amapangira mazira atsopano ndi kuwaswa mpaka nyengo yatsopano yosamukira. Pakadali pano, sangathe kugwidwa, chifukwa ngati kutero chilengedwe chachilengedwe chingasokonezeke, anthu onse atha kuwonongedwa. Ngati mumasaka nkhanu pakubala, sizingathe kubereka ana atsopano kuti asinthe.
Palinso chifukwa china chomwe banja la nkhanu lisasokonezedwe - nkhanu zazing'ono zimatha kugwera mumisampha ya nkhanu. Sanalinso ofunika ngati nyama zamasewera, analibe nthawi yopatsa ana kuti alowe m'malo mwawo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chifukwa chake kusaka nyengo kumawonekeratu m'malire a Russia.
Nyama zimatetezedwa ndi malamulo aboma, ndipo opha nyama mopha chilolezo amachepetsanso ntchito zawo panthawiyi. Kukula kwachinyamata kumeneku sikungasangalatse ndi ndalama zowonekeratu, koma zilango za Unduna wa Zaulimi zibweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Madera apatsidwa ufulu, kutengera malingaliro a asayansi am'deralo ndi olamulira, kuti akhazikitse nthawi yosaka payekhapayekha.
Primorye amadziwika chifukwa chakuti kusaka nkhanu ndikoletsedwa kuyambira Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, pali madera omwe chiletsochi chimagwira mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Pamphepete mwa Kamchatka, nyama zimatha kugwidwa mpaka koyambirira kwa February. Palinso malo ena pagombe pomwe chiletsochi chimakhala chovomerezeka chaka chonse.
Kodi nkhanu ya Kamchatka imagwidwa bwanji? Njira zoyambira
Njira zitatu zazikulu ndizodziwika pakati pa asodzi aku Kamchatka kugwira nkhanu za Kamchatka:
- Pamanja.
- Mothandizidwa ndi ogwirira nkhanu.
- Trot.
Njira yosavuta yogwirira nkhanu ku Kamchatka ndi pamanja. Sichifuna zida zapadera. Chinyengo chake chagona pakudziwa machitidwe a nyama. Nthawi zambiri nkhanu zimabisala pafupi ndi miyala komanso kukwawa pansi pa miyala. Wogwira nkhanu amangofunika kuyika ndodo kapena mpeni m'malo obisalapo.
Zachibadwa zimakakamiza nkhanu kuti igwire chida ndi zikhadabo zake, kenako asodzi mwamphamvu amaponya nyamayo ndikuinyamula ndi ukonde. Pofuna kugwira nkhanu moyenera, asodzi nthawi zambiri amapita kokasaka nyama ziwiri. Mmodzi amatenga nkhanu pamalo awo obisalapo, winayo amayimirira pomwepo ndi ukonde wa gulugufe. Nthawi zambiri amasodza m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Njira yachiwiri ndi kugwira nkhanu. Akatswiri amatcha mphika. Ndi mauna achitsulo momwe nyambo ya nyambo yatsalira. Chozizwitsa cha wogwira nkhanu ndikuti nyama imalowa mosavuta, koma siyingathe kutuluka. Nyamayo siyofikira nyambo, ndiye kuti mutha kugwira nkhanu mobwerezabwereza ndi nyambo yomweyo. Mukungoyenera kutulutsa wovutitsidwayo msampha.
Trot ndi chida chopangira mafakitale chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira nkhanu zochuluka. Mosiyana ndi njira ziwiri zoyambirira, trot imakuthandizani kugwira nkhanu m'nyanja yotseguka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida chokhacho ngati muli ndi luso linalake, koma nsomba zidzakhala zazitali kwambiri.
Trot imayimitsidwa pakati pa ma buoy awiri ndipo amakhala m'malo ndi nangula. Nkhanu imagwira nyamboyo ndipo msodzi amatha kuyinyamula m'madzi ndikuyiyika mu khola lapadera lolimba, pomwe nyama siyithawe. Ubwino wa trot ndikuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya misampha nthawi imodzi ndi nyambo zosiyanasiyana.
Kusodza mwaluso nkhanu ya Kamchatka
Nkhanu za Kamchatka m'mabuku azamalonda, zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zina. Chofunikira pa izi ndikupezekanso kwa chombo chosachepera mamita 17, chomwe chingapereke mwayi woyenda patali kuchokera pagombe masiku angapo.
Kukhala nthawi yayitali kunyanja komanso kusatheka koperekera kugombe kumatsimikizira kufunikira kwakukonza zombo mwachindunji. Kukonzekera koyambirira kumaphatikizapo kudula miyendo, kutsuka ndi kupukuta, kutsitsa, kuzizira ndi kuzizira.
Monga lamulo, nkhanu zing'onozing'ono zimayang'ana nyama zawo mwachisawawa. Njira zosamukira nkhanu zimasintha chaka chilichonse, palibe ma radar amakono omwe amatha kuzizindikira. Mpaka sitimayo itadzaza bwino, kupanga sikutha.
Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi sabata. Misampha ikuluikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatha kufikira 250. Nyambo ndi hering'i, yomwe imadzazidwa mumisampha, kenako imatsitsidwa mpaka kuya kwa mita 100-120. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka, misampha imatha kukhala mpaka mita zana ma nyanja.
Njira yotchedwa "kusodza pawailesi" imadziwika kuti ndi yotchuka. Chofunika chake ndikuti zombo zingapo zimayendera dera lomwelo nthawi yomweyo. Atapeza tsango lalikulu, chombo chomwe chidawapeza chimafotokozera zotsalazo kwa ena onse pawailesi. Zombo zimafika kudera lomwe lasonyezedwazo, ndipo nsomba zimayamba.
Chakumapeto kwake, chomera choyandama kuti chigwire nsomba chimatumizidwa kukakumana ndi nkhanu. Ndikofunika kusamutsira ku chomeracho chisanamwalire nkhanu ya mfumu. Ngati izi sizingachitike, poizoni yemwe amakhala mu nkhanu yogona akhoza kuwononga.
Makhalidwe othandizira nkhanu ya Kamchatka
Mosiyana ndi mafakitale ambiri azakudya, momwe nkhanu imagwiritsidwira ntchito sinasinthe (zaka 100). Tsopano chidziwitso chomwe achi Japan adapatsira oyendetsa sitima aku Russia chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yokonza nyama iyi itachotsedwa pamsampha sayenera kupitirira maola 4. Pankhaniyi, nyama zimafunikira kukonzedwa mwachindunji panyanja kapena pazapadera. chomera, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapezeka kufupi ndi gombe. Zikagwidwa, nkhanu zimakonzeka kuwira. Kenako, nkhanu zophika zimadzaza ndikunyamula mdziko lonselo.
Kuphatikiza pa nkhanu zamzitini, mutha kugulanso nkhanu zamoyo, koma mtengo wazinthu zoterezi ndiokwera kwambiri. Asayansi komanso akatswiri pazakudya padziko lonse lapansi akugwira ntchito kuti apange njira zatsopano zonyamulira nkhanu kuti zisunge zinthu zonse zopindulitsa za nyama ya nkhanu, komanso kuti mankhwalawa azikhala otsika mtengo kwa ogula.
Matekinoloje amakono pakukonza nkhanu
Asayansi akuyesetsa kupeza njira yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito zoteteza zachilengedwe zomwe zingalole kuti nkhanu zizinyamula maulendo ataliatali osataya phindu la nyama ya nkhanu. Choyamba, amakumana ndi zoteteza zachilengedwe monga mchere, sorbitol, citric acid, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi akuyesetsa kukhazikitsa nyama zopanda nkhanu popanda zinyalala. Chifukwa cha izi, posachedwa, ogula azikhala ndi mwayi wogula nkhanu kulikonse mdziko muno, komanso kugula mankhwala ozikidwa pa crusmarine. Itha kupezeka kuchokera pokonza chiwindi cha nkhanu. Ubwino wazinthu izi zatsimikiziridwa kale ndi asayansi ndi akatswiri azakudya.
Mwa zina, zipolopolo za nkhanu ndizofunikanso kwambiri. Chitosan ndi chinthu chomwe chimachokera ku zipolopolo za nkhanu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pochiza ndi kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana. Pakadali pano pali matekinoloje omwe amatheketsa kuchotsa izi ku zipolopolo za nkhanu.
Zigoba za nkhanu za Kamchatka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala
Mothandizidwa ndi zochitika zatsopano, zitha kupezeka kuwononga zosafunika pazinthu zopangira, kuti mupeze mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito nkhanu. Masiku ano, zinthu za nkhanu ndizofala kwambiri pamalonda ogulitsa. Aliyense akhoza kugula nyama ya nkhanu mumtundu uliwonse komanso nthawi iliyonse masana.
Kodi phindu la nyama ya nkhanu ndi chiyani?
Nyama ya nkhanu zamalonda - Kamchatka ndi opilio (aka strigun) - ndizakudya zabwino zam'madzi. Amapezeka pamimba, kumbuyo, miyendo ndi zikhadabo, ali ndi kukoma koyambirira koyambirira. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mapuloteni, 18-20 magalamu omwe ali mu magalamu 100 a nkhanu zolemera. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu ndi 73 kcal. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati zakudya.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kupezeka kwake:
- Mavitamini PP ndi gulu lonse B. Kuperewera kwawo kumakhudza ntchito yam'mimba.
- Iodini, yofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa chithokomiro.
- Calcium, mkuwa, chitsulo, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, zomwe zimalepheretsa zovuta pantchito yamtima ndi mitsempha.
Nyama ya nkhanu imakhala ndi ma Omega-3 ndi Omega-6 acids ambiri, omwe amagwira ntchito yoyeretsa magazi a cholesterol yoyipa.
Nyama ya nkhanu ya Kamchatka si chakudya chokoma chabe, komanso ndi chopatsa thanzi
Kuperewera kwa DHA pakudya kwa atsikana apakati kumayambitsa kukula kosazolowereka. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi panthawi yomwe mwana amakula bwino chimakhudza mapangidwe a ubongo, ziwalo za masomphenya, komanso dongosolo lamanjenje lamwana.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa nsomba m'menyu ya amayi ndikutsimikizira kubadwa kwa mwana wathanzi. M'masitolo akuluakulu a nsomba ku Moscow ndi m'mizinda ina, muli nkhanu za Kamchatka, nkhono zam'madzi, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba yabwino kwambiri.
DHA ndi EPA ndi zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera moyo wautali. Sizodabwitsa kuti anthu aku Japan, omwe koposa zonse padziko lapansi amadya nsomba, nkhanu ndi shrimp, amatsogolera padziko lapansi potengera kuchuluka kwa zaka zana.
Selenium mu nyama ya nkhanu imalepheretsa kukula kwa arrhythmias, imathandizira ma gland amuna, ndipo amatenga nawo gawo pakupanga mahomoni okweza mahomoni serotonin, omwe amathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto.
Taurine yomwe imapezeka m'nyanja ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri, yomwe imagwira ntchito ya neurotransmitter yomwe imathandizira magwiridwe antchito aubongo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba ndikutsutsana ndi anthu omwe amadwala matendawa kapena kusalolera.
