Pali nsomba pafupifupi 600 zakupha padziko lapansi. Mwa awa, 350 ndi yogwira. Zipangizo zomwe zili ndi poizoni zimaperekedwa kwa omwe adabadwa. Nsomba zotsalazo ndi zapoizoni. Kuwopsa kwa izi kumalumikizidwa ndi zakudya. Kudya nsomba zina, crustaceans, molluscs, mitundu yachiwiri imadzipangira poyizoni m'matupi ena kapena m'thupi lonse.
Makamaka nsomba zapoizoni
Nsomba zakupha Magawo ali ndi tiziwalo timene timatulutsa poizoni. Poizoni amalowa m'matupi a ozunzidwa kudzera mwa kuluma, kuboola matupi apadera kapena kunyezimira kwa zipsepse. Kawirikawiri kuzunzidwa kumayendetsedwa kwa olakwira. Ndiye kuti, nsomba zosinthika zinayamba kupanga poizoni kuti zitetezedwe.
Zinyama zam'nyanja
Mitundu ya nsomba zapoizoni onaninso mayina awo 9. Onse amakhala m'madzi a nyengo yotentha ndipo samapitilira masentimita 45 kutalika. Dragons ndi ofanana ndi nsomba.
Chifuwa cha chinjoka chimadzazidwa ndi munga pa operculum ndi mbali ya kumapeto kwa dorsal. Poizoni ndi mapuloteni ovuta. Zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito am'magazi oyenda komanso amanjenje. Njoka ya njoka imakhala ndi zotsatira zomwezo. Ndizofanana mwachilengedwe ndi poizoni wa chinjoka cha m'nyanja.
Kwa anthu, poyizoni wawo samapha, koma amayambitsa kupweteka kwambiri, kuyaka, ndipo kumabweretsa matenda a edema. Nyama ya chinjoka imadyedwa ndipo imawonedwa ngati yokoma.
Dragons oimira poyizoni a Nyanja Yakuda
Ziboda
Izi nsomba zapoizoni za m'nyanja Ndi malo otsetsereka, ndiye kuti ali ndi zipsepse zazikulu komanso zazikulu za m'mapapo. Ndiwopangidwa ndi daimondi. Mchira wa stingray nthawi zonse umakhala wopanda malire, koma nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zotumphukira. Amawakantha ndi mbola. Iwo, monga kunyezimira kwina, ndi abale apafupi kwambiri a sharki. Chifukwa chake, ma stingray alibe mafupa. Mafupa amalowetsedwa m'malo ndi cartilage.
Pali mitundu 80 ya ma stalkers munyanja. Kawopsedwe kawo ndi kosiyana. Poizoni wamphamvu kwambiri ndi cheza lowoneka buluu.
Stingray yautoto wabuluu ndiyo poyizoni wa stingray
Gawo limodzi la anthu omwe adawabaya amamwalira. Chiwerengero cha ozunzidwa pachaka chimafanana ndi masauzande. Mwachitsanzo, pagombe la North America, miyezi 12 iliyonse pamakhala milandu mazana 7 mazana angapo za ma stingray. Mafinya awo ali ndi vuto la neurotropic, lomwe limakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje. Poizoni amachititsa kupweteka kwakanthawi, kwakanthawi
Mwa ma stingray pali madzi amchere. Mmodzi mwa mitunduyi amakhala, mwachitsanzo, ku Amazon. Kuyambira kale, amwenye omwe amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi akhala akupanga mivi, ziboda, nthungo kuchokera ku minga za nsomba.
Nyanja yamphongo
Amachokera m'banja la chinkhanira. Kunja, lionfish imasiyanitsidwa ndi zipsepse zokulirapo za pectoral. Amapita kumbuyo kumatako, onga mapiko. Lionfish amadziwikanso ndi singano zotchulidwa kumapeto kwake. Pali minga pamutu pa nsombayo. Singano iliyonse imakhala ndi poizoni. Komabe, itachotsa minga, nsomba zamkango, monga nsomba zina zinkhanira, zimatha kudyedwa.
Maonekedwe owoneka bwino a lionfish ndiye chifukwa chosungira aquarium yawo. Kukula kwawo kumakulolani kuti muzisilira nsomba zapakhomo. Mutha kusankha mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya lionfish. Mitundu yonse ya zinkhanira ndi 100. Lionfish mmenemo ndiimodzi mwazomwe zimapezeka.
Ngakhale mtundu wa lionfish uli ndi poizoni, nthawi zambiri amaleredwa m'madzi m'madzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino.
Nsomba yakupha kwambiri pakati lionfish - njerewere. Apo ayi, amatchedwa mwala. Dzinali limalumikizidwa ndi kubisa kwa nkhwangwa pansi pa matanthwe am'madzi, masiponji. Nsombazi ndi zamangamanga ndi zophuka, ziphuphu, minga. Zomalizazi ndi zakupha. The poizoni amachititsa ziwalo, koma pali mankhwala.
Ngati wina sali pafupi, malo opangira jekeseni amatenthedwa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, pakuviika m'madzi otentha kapena kuikapo pansi pa chopangira tsitsi. Izi zimachepetsa ululu powononga pang'ono puloteni.
Wart kapena nsomba mwala wodzibisa
Milamba yam'nyanja zamchere
Ichi ndi mtundu wa nsomba. Ili ndi mitundu 110 ya nsomba. Zonse ndi za nkhanira. Mofanana ndi nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zipsepse zakuthambo. Pali nkhwangwa 13-15 mwa iwo. Misonkho imapezekanso pama operculums. Pali poizoni paminga.
Ikabayidwa, imalowa pabala limodzi ndi ntchofu zomwe zimakuta timitsempha ndi zipsepse za nsombayo. The poizoni imanyamulidwa kudzera mumitsempha yamagazi, yoyambitsa lymphadenitis. Ichi ndi kuwonjezeka mwanabele. Awa ndimomwe chitetezo chamthupi chimayankhira poyizoni.
Zowawa ndi kutupa zimayamba msanga pamalo pomwe panali mitengo ikuluikulu yam'madzi. Komabe, poizoni wa nsomba ndi wosakhazikika, wowonongedwa ndi alkalis, kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi kutentha. Utsi wa nsomba kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Barents ndiwofooka kwambiri. Anthu owopsa kwambiri ndi anthu aku Pacific. Ngati jakisoni angapo wabayidwa mwa munthu m'modzi, kumangidwa kumatha kupuma.
Milamba yam'nyanja zamchere
Katran
Uyu ndi woimira poizoni wa shark. Chilombocho chimalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 30 ndipo sichidutsa mamita 2.2 kutalika. Katran amapezeka ku Atlantic, ndipo akuphatikizidwanso nsomba zakupha za ku Black Sea.
Katrana poizoni ndi wosagwirizana, ndiye kuti, wopanikizana, mapuloteni. Amapangidwa ndi tiziwalo timene timakhala ndi minga yomwe ili kutsogolo kwa dorsal fin. Jekeseni umabweretsa kupweteka kwambiri, kufiira, komanso kuwotcha. Kuyabwa kumatenga maola angapo. Kutentha kumatha kwa masiku angapo.
Katran imayimira banja la spiny shark. Kuwopsa kwa mitundu ina sikunatsimikizidwe, koma kumaganiziridwa. Nsomba zambiri zamphongo zimakhala zovuta kuziwerenga. Mitundu yakuda, mwachitsanzo, yakuya, imapezeka munyanja ya Atlantic.
Katran ndiye nthumwi yokha ya nsombazi zomwe zimakhala mu Black Sea
Dokotala wa Arab
Zimayimira banja la madokotala ochita opaleshoni. Izi ndi za dongosolo lokhazikika. Chifukwa chake, poyizoni wa nsomba amafanana ndi poizoni wam'madzi, amawonongeka ndi kutentha. Komabe, mawonekedwe a dokotalayo sali kutali ndi achibale ake.
Thupi la nsombayo limaphwanyidwa mozungulira, lalitali. Dokotalayo ali ndi mchira woboola pakati. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu. Madokotala ambiri ochita opaleshoni amakhala ndi mizere yowala komanso mawanga.
Pali mitundu 80 ya nsomba m'banja la madokotala. Iliyonse ili ndi msana wakuthwa pansi ndi pamwamba pa mchira. Amafanana ndi scalpels. Dzina la nsombayo likugwirizana ndi izi. Sipitilira masentimita 40 kutalika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama zizikhala m'nyanja.
Dokotala wochita opaleshoni wachiarabu ndi membala wankhanza kwambiri m'banjamo, wophatikizidwa nsomba zapoizoni zakunyanja yofiira... Kumeneko, nyamayo imakonda kulimbana ndi mitundu ingapo, yosambira.
Madokotala ochita opaleshoni amatchula nsombazi chifukwa cha khungu lakumutu ngati khungu
Nsomba zachiwiri zakupha
Nsomba zachiwiri zakupha zimadziunjikira saxitoxin. Si protein, koma alkaloid yomwe ndi ya purine mankhwala. Ma dinoflagellate a Plankton ndi ma molluscs ambiri amakhala ndi poizoni. Ayenera kuti atenge poizoniyo kuchokera ku ulgae wofanana ndi umodzi, ndi omwe amachokera m'madzi, amadzipezera zinthuzo mwazinthu zina.
Phokoso
Ili ndi banja la nsomba. Woimira woopsa kwambiri ndi galu. Dzina lina - fugu. Nsomba zakupha Amadziwika ndi thupi lofupikitsidwa, lalitali, lathyathyathya kumbuyo ndi mutu waukulu wokhala ndi pakamwa ngati pakamwa.
Lili ndi mbale 4 zamazino zosakanikirana. Ndi iwo, puffer imagawaniza zipolopolo za nkhanu ndi zipolopolo zamtambo. Mwa kudya zotsalazo, nsomba imalandira poizoni. Ndi yakupha, imadziunjikira pachiwindi cha galu.
Ngakhale ili ndi poizoni, fugu imadyedwa. Tiyenera kukonzekera nsomba, makamaka, kuchotsa chiwindi, mazira, khungu. Akhuta ndi poizoni. Mbaleyi ndi yotchuka ku Japan, komwe kumakhudzana kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, ku Gamagori, mwachitsanzo, nkhani inalembedwa kuti m'modzi mwa masitolo akuluakulu akumeneko adagulitsa maphukusi asanu a nsomba zonse. Chiwindi ndi caviar sizinachotsedwe. Poizoni wa nsomba iliyonse ndi wokwanira kupha anthu 30.
Chithunzi cha nsomba zakupha nthawi zambiri zimawapatsa chotupa. Galu amawoneka ngati mpira panthawi yamantha. Fugu imakoka m'madzi kapena mlengalenga, kutengera chilengedwe. Kukula kwa kukula kuyenera kuopseza adani. Ndi anthu, "chinyengo" sichitha.
Panthawi yamantha, fugu iphulika, ndikuwonetsa minga
Conger eels
Izi nsomba zakupha m'nyanja sankhani madzi otentha, kufikira pamenepo pafupifupi 3 mita kutalika. Nthawi zina ma eel amadya nkhono, zomwe zimadya peridinium. Awa ndi ma flagellate. Chodabwitsa cha mafunde ofiira chimalumikizidwa nawo.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma crustaceans, madzi am'nyanja amasanduka ofiira. Nthawi yomweyo, nsomba zambiri zimafa, koma ma eel azolowera poizoni. Amangoyikidwa pakhungu ndi ziwalo za ma moray eel.
Poizoni wa nyama imadzaza ndi kuyabwa, kufooka kwa miyendo, lilime, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso kuvuta kumeza. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kukoma kwachitsulo kumamveka pakamwa. Pafupifupi 10% mwa omwe ali ndi poizoni amafa ndi ziwalo zakufa.
Nyanja yamchere
Nsomba ya makerele
Banjali limaphatikizapo tuna, mackerel, kavalo mackerel, bonito. Zonse zimadya. Tuna amaonedwa kuti ndi chakudya chokoma. AT nsomba zapoizoni zapadziko lapansi nsomba za makerele "zalembedwa" monga stale. Nyama ili ndi histidine.
Ndi amino acid. Amapezeka mu mapuloteni ambiri. Nsombazi zikatenthedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kumabwera mabakiteriya omwe amasintha histidine kukhala saurin. Ndi chinthu chofanana ndi histamine. Zomwe thupi limachita ndi zofanana ndi zovuta zowopsa.
Mutha kuzindikira nyama ya mackerel yomwe ili ndi poizoni ndi kukoma kwake koopsa, kotentha. Mutatha kudya nyama, pakatha mphindi zochepa munthu amayamba kudwala mutu. Komanso, amauma mkamwa, kumakhala kovuta kumeza, mtima umayamba kugunda mwachangu. Pamapeto pake, mikwingwirima yofiira imawonekera pakhungu. Amayabwa. Poizoni limodzi ndi kutsekula m'mimba.
Poizoni wa mackerel amawonetsedwa pakudya nyama yopanda nsomba
Sterlet
Izi nsomba zofiira ndi zakupha chifukwa cha vizigi - zingwe zopangidwa ndi nsalu zowirira. Imalowetsa msana wa nsomba. Viziga amafanana ndi chingwe. Amapangidwa ndi khungu ndi minofu yolumikizana. Kuphatikizana kwake kulibe vuto bola ngati nsomba zili zatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, sizzle imawononga mwachangu kuposa nyama yopanda sterlet. Chifukwa chake, cartilage imatha kudyedwa tsiku loyamba mutatha kugwira nsomba.
Sikuti screech imatha kuwononga chakudya, komanso ndulu ya sterlet yomwe ikuphulika panthawi yochotsa. Zomwe zili m'chiwalo zimapatsa nyama kulawa kowawa. Kukhumudwa m'mimba ndikotheka.
Sterlet nsomba
Pazifukwa zina ndi zakudya, mitundu pafupifupi 300 ya nsomba imakhala yakupha. Chifukwa chake, mu zamankhwala, pali mawu oti ciguatera. Amasonyeza poizoni wa nsomba. Milandu ya Ciguatera imafala makamaka mdera la Pacific Ocean komanso ku West Indies.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, zakudya zokoma monga magulu owoneka bwino, karavuni wachikaso, carp yam'madzi, anchovy yaku Japan, barracuda, bokosi lamanyanga zimaphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wazosavomerezeka.
Chiwerengero cha nsomba padziko lapansi chimaposa mitundu zikwi makumi awiri. Mazana asanu ndi limodzi owopsa amaoneka ngati kachigawo kakang'ono. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa nsomba zapoizoni wachiwiri komanso kuchuluka kwa nsomba zoyambirira zakupha, munthu sayenera kupeputsa "kuchepa" kwenikweni kwa ophunzira m'kalasi.
