Pa Ogasiti 10, 2010, satellite ya NASA idalemba -93.2 madigiri ku Antarctica. Sizinakhale zozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi m'mbiri yowonera. Pafupifupi anthu 4 zikwi omwe amakhala m'malo opangira zasayansi amatenthedwa ndi magetsi.
Nyama zilibe mwayi wotere, chifukwa chake zoomworld zadziko lapansi ndizochepa. Nyama za ku Antarctic sizomwe zili padziko lapansi kwathunthu. Zolengedwa zonse, mwanjira ina kapena imzake, zimalumikizidwa ndi madzi. Ena amakhala m'mitsinje. Mitsinje ina imakhalabe yosaziririka, mwachitsanzo, Onyx. Ndiwo mtsinje waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Zisindikizo za ku Antarctic
Wamba
Imalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 160 ndikufika 185 masentimita m'litali. Izi ndizizindikiro za amuna. Akazi amakhala ocheperako pang'ono, apo ayi amuna ndi akazi amafanana. Zisindikizo zofananira zimasiyana ndi zisindikizo zina momwe amapangira mphuno zawo. Zili zazitali, zazitali kuchokera pakati mpaka paliponse, zikukwera. Zikupezeka ngati chilembo chachi Latin V.
Mtundu wa chisindikizo chofiyira ndiwofiira kwambiri ndipo pamakhala mdima wandiweyani thupi lonse. Pamutu woboola dzira wokhala ndi mphuno yayifupi, pali maso akulu akulu ndi abulauni. Mawu wamba amafotokoza za zisindikizo zomwe zimafanana ngati zolengedwa zanzeru.
Mutha kuzindikira chisindikizo wamba ndi mphuno zake zokumbutsa Chingerezi V
Njovu yakummwera
Mphuno ya nyamayo ndi mnofu, imayenda patsogolo. Chifukwa chake dzinalo. Njovu yamphongo ndiyo nyama yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kutalika, anthu ena amafika mamita 6, ndikulemera pansi pa matani 5. Gawo lachisanu la misa iyi ndi magazi. Yadzaza ndi mpweya, womwe umalola kuti nyama zizikhala m'madzi kwa ola limodzi
Zimphona zimakhala zaka 20. Akazi nthawi zambiri amasiya zaka 14-15. Zisindikizo za njovu zimakhala zambiri mwa izo m'madzi. Amapita pamtunda milungu ingapo pachaka kuti aswane.
Chisindikizo cha njovu chakumwera
Ross
Maganizo adapezeka ndi James Ross. Nyamayo idatchulidwa ndi wofufuza waku Britain waku madera akumapiri. Amakhala moyo wachinsinsi, akukwera kumadera akutali a kontrakitala, motero samamvetsetsa. Amadziwika kuti Nyama zaku Antarctic yolemera pafupifupi 200 kilogalamu, kufikira 2 mita kutalika, ali ndi maso akulu otupa, mizere ya mano ang'onoang'ono koma akuthwa.
Khosi la chisindikizo ndi khola la mafuta. Nyamayo yaphunzira kukoka mutu wake. Likukhalira mpira wokhathamira. Kumbali imodzi, kuli mdima, ndipo mbali inayo, imvi yopepuka, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi komanso lolimba.
Ukwati
Kodi nyama zakutchire ku Antarctica wapadera. Ndikosavuta kuti Weddell ayende pansi kufika mamita 600. Zisindikizo zina sizingathe kuchita izi, chifukwa sizingakhale pansi pamadzi kupitilira ola limodzi. Kwa Weddell, izi ndizofala. Kulimbana ndi chisanu kwa nyama ndikodabwitsa. Kutonthoza kwabwino kwa iye ndi madigiri -50-70.
Weddell ndichisindikizo chachikulu, cholemera pafupifupi 600-kilo. The pinniped ndi 3 mita kutalika. Zimphona’zo zikumwetulira. Makona pakamwa amakwezedwa chifukwa chamatomiki.
Zisindikizo za Weddell ndizomwe zimakhala zazitali kwambiri m'madzi
Crabeater
Nyamayo imalemera pafupifupi mapaundi 200, ndipo ndi pafupifupi mamita 2.5. Chifukwa chake, pakati pa zisindikizo zina, crabeater ndiyodziwika bwino kuti ndi yopepuka. Zimapangitsa ma pinniped kuchepa nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa chake, ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira ku Antarctica, ziwombankhanga zimayandama ndi ayezi kutali ndi magombe ake. Pamene kontinentiyo imakhala yotentha, ziwombankhanga zimabwerera.
Pofuna kuthana ndi nkhanu moyenera, zisindikizozo zapeza ma incisors okhala ndi notches. Zowona, sizimapulumutsa ku anamgumi opha. Nyama yochokera kubanja la dolphin ndiye mdani wamkulu osati owopsa okha, komanso zisindikizo zambiri.
Chisindikizo cha crabeater chili ndi mano akuthwa
Ma penguins a kontrakitala
Tsitsi lagolide
Nthenga zazitali zagolidi pa nsidze zimawonjezeredwa ku "malaya amkati" akuda wamba ndi malaya oyera mumaonekedwe awo. Amakanikizika kumutu kulunjika m'khosi, kofanana ndi tsitsi. Mitunduyi idafotokozedwa mu 1837 ndi a Johann von Brandt. Anatenga mbalameyo kwa anyani otchedwa crested penguins. Pambuyo pake, atsitsi agolide adasankhidwa kukhala mtundu wina. Mayeso a chibadwa awonetsa ubale ndi ma penguin amfumu.
Kusintha komwe kunalekanitsa ma penguin a macaroni ndi achifumu kunachitika pafupifupi zaka 1.5 miliyoni zapitazo. Oimira amakono a mitunduyo amafika kutalika kwa 70 sentimita, pomwe akulemera pafupifupi 5 kilogalamu.
Wachifumu
Ndiye wamtali kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zopanda ndege. Anthu ena amafika masentimita 122. Pachifukwa ichi, kulemera kwa anthu ena kumafika makilogalamu 45. Kunja, mbalame zimasiyananso ndi mawanga achikasu pafupi ndi makutu ndi nthenga zagolide pachifuwa.
Emperor penguin amaswa anapiye kwa miyezi inayi. Kuteteza ana, mbalame zimakana kudya panthawiyi. Chifukwa chake, maziko a unyinji wa ma penguin ndi mafuta omwe nyama zimasonkhanitsa kuti zithe kupulumuka nyengo yoswana.
Adele
Penguin iyi ndi yakuda komanso yoyera kwathunthu. Zochita zosiyana: milomo yayifupi ndikuzungulira mozungulira maso. Kutalika, mbalameyi imafika masentimita 70, ikulemera makilogalamu 5. Poterepa, chakudya chimakhala ndi ma kilogalamu awiri patsiku. Zakudya za anyaniwa zimakhala ndi ma krill crustaceans ndi molluscs.
Pali ma adeles 5 miliyoni ku Arctic. Ichi ndiye chiwerengero chachikulu cha anyani. Mosiyana ndi ena, Adeles amapereka mphatso kwa osankhidwawo. Awa ndimiyala. Amanyamulidwa kumapazi kwa omwe amati ndi akazi.
Kunja, samasiyana ndi amuna. Ngati mphatsozo zilandiridwa, wamwamuna amamvetsetsa kulondola kwa zomwe wasankha ndikupanga chibwenzi. Mapiri amiyala oponyedwa pamapazi a wosankhidwa amakhala ngati chisa.
Adélie penguins ndiomwe amakhala kwambiri ku Antarctica
Mphepo
Makhalidwe
Whale amatchulidwa ndi saury ndi anglers aku Norway. Amadyanso plankton. Nsomba ndi anangumi zimayandikira kugombe la Norway nthawi yomweyo. A saury am'deralo amatchedwa "saye". Mnzakeyo adamupatsa dzina loti whale. Pakati pa anamgumiwo, ili ndi thupi "lowuma" komanso labwino kwambiri.
Zapulumutsa - nyama zakuthambo ndi zotsutsana, amapezeka pafupi ndi mitengo yonse iwiri. Nyama zina zonse zakumpoto ndi kumwera kwa dziko lapansi ndizosiyana kwambiri. Mu Arctic, ndi protagonist - chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira. Palibe zimbalangondo ku Antarctica, koma pali ma penguin. Mbalamezi, panjira, zimakhalanso m'madzi ofunda. Mwachitsanzo, penguin ya Galapagos idakhazikika pafupi ndi equator.
Whale wamtambo
Asayansi amatcha kuti chisangalalo. Ndiye nyama yayikulu kwambiri. Nangumiyu ndi wautali mamita 33. Unyolo wa nyama ndi matani 150. Nyamayo imadyetsa misa iyi ndi plankton, tizinyama tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono.
Pokambirana pamutu nyama ziti zomwe zimakhala ku Antarctica, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa subspecies za whale. Masanzi ali ndi atatu mwa iwo: kumpoto, kumera ndi kumwera. Otsatirawa amakhala kunyanja ya Antarctica. Monga ena, ndi chiwindi chachitali. Anthu ambiri amachoka mzaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi. Anangumi ena adula madzi am'nyanja kwa zaka 100-110.
Whale whale
Ichi ndi nsomba ya mano akulu, yolemera matani 50. Kutalika kwa nyama ndi mita 20. Pafupifupi 7 a iwo amagwa pamutu. Mkati mwake muli mano akuluakulu. Amayamikiridwa mofanana ndi mitu ya walrus ndi minyanga ya njovu. Umuna whale wambiri umalemera pafupifupi 2 kilos.
Sperm whale ndiye wanzeru kwambiri kuposa anamgumiwo. Ubongo wa nyama umalemera makilogalamu 8. Ngakhale mu nangumi wa buluu, ngakhale ndi wokulirapo, ma hemispheres onse amakoka ma kilogalamu a 6 okha.
Pali mano pafupifupi 26 pa nsagwada yakumunsi ya sphale whale
Mbalame
Mphepo yamkuntho ya Wilson
Izi Nyama zaku Antarctic kuyatsa chithunzi amawoneka ngati mbalame zazing'ono zakuda. Kutalika kwa thupi la nthenga kumakhala masentimita 15. Mapiko ake samapitilira masentimita 40.
Pothawa, mbalame yamkuntho imafanana ndi wothamanga kapena kameza. Kusunthaku kuli mwachangu kwambiri, pali kutembenuka kwakukulu. Kaurok amatchedwanso kuti nyanjayi. Amadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono, nkhanu, tizilombo.
Mbalame
Zili m'manja mwa ma petrel. Mbalameyi ili ndi timasamba 20. Onse amakhala kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi. M'nyanja ya Antarctica, mbalame zotchedwa albatross zimakonda kupita kuzilumba zing'onozing'ono komanso m'nyanja. Atachoka kwa iwo, mbalamezi zimatha kuuluka mozungulira equator m'mwezi umodzi. Izi ndi deta yowonera ma satellite.
Mitundu yonse ya albatross imayang'aniridwa ndi International Union for Conservation of Nature. Chiwerengero cha anthu chasokonekera mzaka zapitazi. Ma Albatross anaphedwa chifukwa cha nthenga zawo. Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipewa za azimayi, madiresi, ma boas.
Mbalame ya Albatross siingawone nthaka kwa miyezi ingapo, itapuma pamadzi pomwepo
Petrel wamkulu
Mbalame yayikulu, mita imodzi kutalika ndikulemera pafupifupi 8 kilogalamu. Mapiko ake amapitilira 2 mita. Pamutu waukulu, wokhala pakhosi lalifupi, pali mulomo wamphamvu, wopindika. Pamwamba pake pali chubu la mafupa osabowo.
Mkati, imagawidwa ndi magawano. Awa ndi mphuno za mbalame. Nthenga zake ndi motley mumayendedwe oyera ndi akuda. Mbali yaikulu ya nthenga iliyonse ndi yopepuka. Malire ali mdima. Chifukwa cha iye, nthenga zimawoneka zokongola.
Achimwene - mbalame za antarcticaosasiya kugwa. Mbalame zikung'amba ma penguin akufa, anamgumi. Komabe, nsomba zamoyo ndi nkhanu ndizambiri zomwe zimadya.
Skua wamkulu
Oyang'anira mbalame amatsutsa ngati skua iyenera kukhala yachinyengo kapena yopanda chidwi. Mwalamulo, nthenga yonseyi imakhala m'gulu lomaliza. Mwa anthu, skua imafanizidwa ndi bakha komanso chimphona tit. Thupi la nyama ndi lalikulu, mpaka masentimita 55 m'litali. Mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka.
Mwa anthu, ma skuas amatchedwa achifwamba am'nyanja. Nyama zakutchire zimakhala mlengalenga ndi mbalame zonyamula nyama milomo yawo ndikubowola mpaka zitatulutsa nsombazo. Skuas amatenga zikho. Chiwembucho chimakhala chodabwitsa kwambiri akamazunza makolo awo akubweretsa chakudya kwa anapiye.
Skua ndi anthu ena okhala ku South Pole amatha kuwonekera m'malo awo achilengedwe. Kuyambira 1980, maulendo okaona malo akhala akukonzedwa ku Antarctica. Kontinenti ndi gawo laulere lomwe silinapatsidwe boma lililonse. Komabe, mayiko ambiri ngati 7 amafunsira zidutswa za Antarctica.
Skuas nthawi zambiri amatchedwa achifwamba akuba mbalame zina.
