Tebulo laling'ono. Mtundu wamagulu ophatikizira umakhala ndi mitundu 100. Amagwirizanitsa ubale wawo ndi cichlids ndi zowoneka. Otsatirawa adagawika m'mabanja. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Stone Perch. Olemba magulu amatumizidwa kwa iye. Nsombazo zidasanduka mwala chifukwa chofanana ndi miyala yapansi. Kufanizira nawo kumadzisonyeza chifukwa cha kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa omwe akupanga nawo gululi.
Zina ndi zazikulu kwambiri moti zimatha kumeza munthu. Chaka chatha m'madzi aku Africa, nsomba idachita izi kwa osunthira. Mwamunayo adakwanitsa kugwira mitsempha ndikutuluka kudzera m'matumba awo olimba. Tiyeni tiwadziwe nsomba akunja. Ndizotetezeka motere.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nsomba zamagulu
Gulu - nsomba, osati mwangozi ngati mwala wapansi. Oimira amtunduwu amakhala pakati pa miyala pansi pa gawo lamadzi. Zingwe zimafunikira malo obisalira. Matupi a nsombazi ajambulidwa ngati miyala yamiyala, miyala yamiyala ndi miyala ina.
Komabe, si onse opanga magulu omwe ndi mabampu. Pamtunduwu pali oimira kakang'ono omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 3-4. Zolengedwa zokongola zomwe zimayendayenda m'makorali ndi abale omwe ali ndi magulu a 3-mita omwe akulemera kupitirira theka la tani.
Ndi iyi yomwe idasochera paulendo wina ku Indian Ocean - malo okhalamo oyimira mtunduwo. Chifukwa chake, ambiri a iwo amakonda kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, ku Russia, mitundu iwiri yokha mwa mitundu 100 yamagulu omwe amakhala.
Yatsani chithunzi cha nsomba zamagulu maso sangaoneke. Mamembala onse amtunduwu ndi ochepa, ozungulira. Makamaka, kukula kwake kwa mutu ndi chiwalo cha masomphenya ndizosiyana. Mitu ya omwe ali pagululi ndi yayikulu, yotakata, ndi nsagwada zochititsa chidwi.
Mitengo yambiri yamiyala ndi nyama zolusa kunja mogwirizana ndi mulingo wawo. Kukhazikika ndi mphamvu kwa nsombazi kumayambitsa mayanjano ndi achifwamba amenewa. Ndi amphamvu, ankhanza komanso osaphunzitsidwa.
Kuukira kosinthana si zitsanzo zokhazokha zokhumba za ngwazi. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2014, pagombe laku America ku Bonito Springs, thanthwe linalake linameza nsombazi. Nkhani yotsimikizira chithunzi idasindikizidwa ndi Metro.
Nkhaniyo imanena kuti nsombazi zinali pafupifupi mita 1.5. Mkokomo wa nyanja unadula mbedza ya msodziyo ndikugwa m'kamwa mwa gulu, yemwe anali atakumana ndi wozunzidwayo kuchokera pansi pa nyanja.
Achibale a nsombazi amasaka makamaka madzulo ndi usiku. Zolusa zimabisalira anzawo. Mpikisano wothamanga ndi wosowa. Kawirikawiri, zolengedwa zamwala zimakhala zaulesi pakusaka. Zolengedwa zomwe zimasambira m'zipinda zingapo zamagulu zimakhala chakudya. Zilondazo zimangoyenda kumbuyo kwa nyama yawo, ngakhale mofulumira.
M'magulu amadzi mumapezeka nsomba zamagulu
The ngwazi ya nkhani wakonda madzi ofunda ndi mchere. Komabe, monga tanenera, pali zosiyana. Anthu ena amtunduwu amakhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja zatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, m'madzi a Australia, a McCulochella amakhala. Kunja komanso kukula, sizosiyana kwenikweni ndi nsomba wamba. Zosiyana zowonekeratu, utotowo umakhala wochititsa chidwi. Macculochella ili nayo yowala.
Popeza mchere wamatope siwofunikira posankha malo okhala miyala yamiyala, palinso ina. Awa ndi malo pansi. Pofuna kubisala, nyama imafunikira malo okhala achilengedwe. Amafunikanso ndi magulu m'magulu am'madzi.
Oimira ang'onoang'ono amtunduwu amatha kusungidwa kunyumba. M'sitimayo, omwe amakhala pagulu lawo amakhala osadzichepetsa ngati angapereke malo ovuta pansi komanso kudyetsa moyenera. Kupanda kutero, ziweto zimayamba kudya anthu ena osungira.
Iwo likukhalira kuti ngwazi za nkhaniyi sangapezeke mu mtsinje kapena dziwe, alimbane ndi mchenga. Mufunikira miyala yamiyala, miyala yamiyala yamiyala, ma polyp, milu yazombo ndi zifanizo, mapanga apansi ndi miyala. Komanso dziwe liyenera kukhala lokwanira mokwanira.
Kumbukirani kuti miyala yambiri yamiyala ndi yayikulu. Nsomba zotere zimakonda kusunthira kumtunda. Kukhala pafupi ndi gombe ndi kowopsa ndipo kumakhala kovuta kwa iwo. Kukula kwanyengo kwa nsomba ndi 15-150 mita.
Ngati mchengawo umaloledwa ndi miyala ingapo, ndiye kuti ambiri amathandizira kugwedezeka. Mutha kumira m'madzi, kudzisintha nokha, osati koyipa kuposa pakati pamiyala.
Pakhala pali zochitika pomwe, atalumikizidwa mwangozi, magulu akuluakulu adakokera anthu osiyanasiyana m'madzi
Mosungira, osati pansi pokha ndikofunikira, komanso moyo pamwamba pamtsinje, nyanja, nyanja. Kumeneko ophatikizirawo ali ndi ogwirizana, mwachitsanzo, nkhwangwa. Mbalame zimaukira masukulu a nsomba, ndipo ngwazi za nkhaniyi zimadya iwo omwe mwamantha, amenya nkhondo zochuluka. Nthawi yomweyo, sukulu yayikulu, pakuwona malo okhala, imakhala ikuwopa kutha, ikukondweretsanso nkhongono. Chifukwa chake, miyala yamiyala imadzaza matupi amadzi okhala moyandikana nawo pafupi.
Wopambana mu nkhaniyi amakhalanso ndi ogwirizana m'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, munyanja, kulumikizana ndi ma moray eels kwakhazikitsidwa. Otsatirawa amafanana ndi njoka ndipo amathamangitsa nsombazo m'misewu yopapatiza pakati pamiyala ndi miyala yamiyala. Ogawa magulu, mbali inayi, akuyang'ana nyama yolanda nyama yakhungu. Zolanda zagawidwa mophweka: aliyense amene amameza poyamba anali ndi mwayi.
Pakati pa nyanja, grouper amapezeka ku Indian, Pacific ndi Atlantic. Perch asankha malo osungira madzi oyera ku Australia, kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Russia, ku Asia ndi America. Mwambiri, momwe magawidwe amtundu wamtunduwu aliri ochulukirapo, ngakhale amasiyana. Koposa zonse, opangira magulu, chabwino, mu Indian Ocean.
Mitundu yama groupers
Yemwe akuyimira wamkulu wamtunduwu ndi chimphona chachikulu. Ndi bulauni ndi mawanga a beige pamdima wakuda. Kukula kwakumbuyo ndi kuuma kwa mawanga owala kumadalira msinkhu wa munthuyo. Kwa zaka zambiri, mtunduwo umadetsedwa. Zipsepse za nsomba mpaka masentimita 20 m'litali, mwachitsanzo, zachikaso, pomwe zazitali zazitali zamamitala zimakhala zofiirira.
Dzina lachiwiri la mitundu ikuluikuluyi ndi Nyanja ya Indian yamaso pang'ono. Komabe, kuchokera ku Indian Ocean, mitunduyi idafalikira ku Pacific ndi Atlantic. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, asayansi adazindikira kuti mitundu yayikulu yamtundu wa chimphona imakhala mu Atlantic ndi madzi amtendere. Poyamba, iwo ankaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi. Asayansi akuti kusintha kwakung'ono kumachitika ku Isthmus of Panama.
Inayamba kupanga zaka 2.5 miliyoni zapitazo. Pogawanitsa nyanja yomwe kale inali yolumikizana, Isthmus inakhudza nyengo kumbali zonse ziwiri. Nsomba zomwe zidatsalira m'madzi amenewa kapena m'madziwo zimayenera kusintha kuti zizikhala zatsopano.
Pali zambiri kuti chimphona chachikulu chimatha kudya nsombazi
Ndipazipembedzo zazikuluzikulu pomwe zowona zakudya nsombazi ndikuyesera kupha anthu zimalumikizidwa. Milandu yomalizayi ndi yapadera. Kawirikawiri, miyala yamatanthwe imangoyenda mosiyanasiyana popanda kuwukira. Ma Pisces amasonyeza chidwi, koma osati chiwawa.
Chifukwa chakukula kwake, mitundu ya Indian Ocean imakhalabe kunja kwa aquarium. Pakuti iye wasankhidwa gulu lofiira... Amatchulidwa pambuyo pa utoto. Ndi lalanje komanso lofiira. Nandolo za turquoise zili motsutsana ndi mbiri yakale.
Monga zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu, ma reds amakhala opepuka muunyamata komanso akuda kwambiri muukalamba. Nsomba zochititsa chidwi ndizosavuta kusunga. Ngakhale ma aquarists a novice amatenga miyala yamiyala. Kutalika kwa gulu lofiira kumafika masentimita 40-45.
Vuto lokhalo pakusunga ndikuchitira nkhanza anthu amtundu wawo. Kutenga timipanda tofiira, amafunika kupereka malo ndi malo okhala ambiri. Popanda kugawa malo, ngwazi za nkhaniyi ndizokonzeka kupirira wina ndi mnzake.
Zowonongeka zimatengedwanso kumalo osungira madzi. Amakhalanso ndi mawanga, koma zolemba zake zimakhala zogawanika, ngati chisa cha uchi. Zolemba ndizofiirira ndipo maziko ake ndi ofiira pang'ono. Kumbuyo kuli malo awiri oyera oyera okhala ndi m'mbali zosagwirizana. Nthawi zina, pamakhala zipsera pamimba pa nyama. Apa mawanga ndi ocheperako.Gulu lotayika chokulirapo kuposa chofiira ndi masentimita 3-15.
Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulowetsa senderong mu aquarium. Mtundu uwu ndi wamizere. Ngati sichoncho zipsepse zachikaso, utoto wake ungafanane ndi mbidzi. Pafupifupi mikwingwirima yakuda yolowetsedwa ndi yoyera. Kusinthasintha kwa mizere ndi 1.5 mita kutalika. Uwu ndiye kutalika kwa senderong. Chifukwa chake, voliyumu yocheperako yamadzi pamadzi ndi malita 3000.
Senderong ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa miyala yambiri, yokhazikika mozungulira. Izi siziteteza kuti nyama isadye kawiri kuposa magulu ena ofanana ofanana. Kususuka kwa nthumwi za mitunduyi ndizovuta zina kukhalabe kunyumba.
Mu chithunzi Senderong nsomba
Zimayandama m'madzi am'nyanja ndipo gulu la mbatata... Ndi mizu, chinyama chimakhudzana ndi utoto. Nsomba zotsalazo sizofanana kwenikweni ndi mbatata. Nsombayo imatha kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo imatha kulemera mpaka 110 kilogalamu. Kukula kumeneku sikukugwiritsa ntchito nyama ngati chakudya. Nyama ya mbatata zazikulu ndizolimba komanso zopanda pake.
Mitundu yayikulu yamalonda pakati pamiyala ndi miyala yamiyala. Nsombayi imakhala m'makorali ndipo imafanana ndi utoto. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pansi, ndiyabwino, tibuluu, yoyera, ngakhale wakuda. Koma, ma coral ambiri ndi ofiira. Momwemonso ma coral bass. Mwa banja lake, nyamayo ndi yaying'ono. Anthu omwe amalemera makilogalamu 15-20 amawerengedwa ngati chikho. Unyinji uwu umakhala wamba kwa nsomba pafupifupi mita imodzi.
Dzinalo la nkhono wamafuta limadzutsa chilakolako. Zimakhala mogwirizana ndi dzinalo, kusangalatsa okonda nsomba zamafuta. Matenda a nyama amafanana ndi mafuta. Masikelo ali ndi utoto ngati nyama yankhumba yosuta. Mu Nyanja Yofiira, adagwira mafuta okwanira ma kilogalamu 250.
Mutha kusungunula mafuta anyama ndi nyama. Tikukuuzani momwe mungachitire izi m'mutu wotsatira. Nthawi yomweyo tidziwa mitundu ingapo yamagulu. Zonse 100 sizingathe kufotokozedwa, koma zazikuluzikulu ziyenera kuwerengedwa.
Mbatata za Gulu zidatchulidwa kuti ndizofanana ndi mtundu wa tuber wa mbatata
Kugwira gulu
Ndi chizolowezi kugwira magulu pagulu la usodzi. Mitundu yambiri imadumphadumpha pansi, koma tengani mzere kulowa m'matanthwe akuda. Zotsatira zake, palibe nsomba, palibe zida. Wotsirizira amatanganidwa ndi malo otsika.
Sizida zonse zomwe zimatha kufika pansi. Ndi malo okhala pakatikati pa 15-150 mita, mamembala ena amakhala pansi. Kotero, comet perch imagwera mamita 350. 50 mita yocheperako ndichizolowezi cha mawonekedwe amafuta. Nsomba za Coral ndizosiyana. Ikhozanso kugwidwa pamtunda wa mamita 4.
Anthu ena amayesa kusambira pansi pamamita 150. Apa mutha kugwira nsomba za mbatata, zazikuluzikulu, zakuda. Omalizawa ndi ofiira, koma amakhala ndi mdima pamphuno.
Ogulitsa amapezeka akuya pafupifupi 100 mita
Mamita 150 ndiye kuzama kokonda kwambiri kwa nsomba yaku Malabar. Imeneyi ndi yamalonda, yomwe imafika makilogalamu 150. Pochita izi, anthu aku Malabar amagwidwa pogwiritsa ntchito squid ngati nyambo. Ogulitsa mafuta, matanthwe a coral samakana kukoma uku. Otsatirawa adakumanabe ndi barracuda, mackerel wamahatchi.
Ogulitsa ambiri amakonda kudya nkhanu. Zingwe zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimabowola. Anthu omwe amatha kumeza munthu amasaka nyama yayikulu, mwachitsanzo, mackerel, hering'i. Zimphona zokha ziyenera kusakidwa mwa njira zokhazokha. Amathandizira msodziyo. Pakusodza, gulu lalikulu limangokokera pansi, ngati ndere zomwe zatsekedwa kumapeto.
Mizere yakuthwa ya mano am'magulu amatha kuluma osati kokha nsomba, mafupa, komanso chipolopolo cha kamba. Zokwawa nawonso nyama ya ngwazi za nkhaniyi. Ngati angafune, amatha kungoyamwa kamba, motero omwe ali pagulu amatsegula pakamwa. Chakudya chimayamwa mwachindunji mummero.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa gulu
Ngwazi za nkhaniyi ndi ma hermaphrodites, amatulutsa umuna, pomwe amakhala ndi ovary. Nsombayo payokha imapanga mazira ndipo imadzipangira feteleza yokha. Dera likuwoneka ngati langwiro. Komabe, pamafunika majini atsopano. Nsomba imodzi imazikopera kwa mibadwo yonse. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, matupi athu amayamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, opanga magulu amakonda kuyankhulana ndi mamembala ena amtunduwo.
Hemaphrodism yamagulu amasewera m'manja mwa akatswiri amadzi. Pogula munthu m'modzi, atha kupeza zambiri zaulere. Komabe, uku ndiye kuopsa kosunga miyala yamiyala.
Kodi mungapeze kuti aquarium yamtundu woyenerera gulu la gulu? Akafa mopanikizana, amafa asanakwane. Komabe, pasanapite nthawi, anthu ambiri amafera kuthengo, kudyedwa ndi zilombo zazikuluzikulu.
Kutalika kwambiri kwa nsomba zamiyala ndikofanana ndi nsomba. Anthu a zaka zana limodzi amamwalira ali ndi zaka 30. Zochuluka zimakhutira ndi zaka 10-15.
