Mukangomva kulira kwa magaleta pafupi ndi madzi, ndibwino kunena kuti kasupe wabwera. Ngakhale munthawi imeneyi kumangowonekera zigamba zosungunuka masika, osati matalala onse omwe amachokera m'mitsinje. Ntchito yayikulu yamagaleta ndikudzipezera chakudya, popeza panthawiyi ndizochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, amatha kuwoneka akuthamanga m'mbali mwa misewu, pakhonde.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala wagtail wachikaso
Yatsani chithunzi chikwangwani chachikaso (pliska) kuchokera kubanja la wagtail, amawerengera 5. Zowoneka mosiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale m'banja limodzi, pamakhala kusiyana pakati pa akulu amuna ndi akazi komanso ana awo.Kufotokozera kwa wagtail wachikaso ikuthandizani kuphunzira zambiri za izi. Awa ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri, omwe amafanana ndi mpheta. Kukula kwa unit wamkulu ndi 16 cm, kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 30.
Mwa utoto nthenga yachikaso yachikaso mutha kudziwa jenda. Mkaziyo amakhala ndi mithunzi yambiri yakutha. Izi zikuwoneka bwino pamimba. Amuna okhala ndi utoto wachikaso, mnzake wamkazi wokhala ndi utoto woyera. Msana ndi bulauni wonyezimira, wokhala ndi kuloza kwa azitona.
Mutu wama subspecies osiyanasiyana a wagtail wachikaso ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu. Amagwirizana ndi kachingwe kakang'ono pamwamba pamaso, ngati nsidze. Pamwamba pa miyendo yayitali yopyapyala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa, zokutidwa ndi masikelo akuda. Mchirawo ndi wa buluu waimvi ndi m'mbali zoyera m'mphepete mwake. Mlomo ndi wochepa thupi, wolunjika kumapeto.
Chikopa chachikaso chodya nyama
Mwana wankhuku ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi achikulire. Nthenga ndi zofiirira zofiirira. Chifuwa ndi khosi ndi zamawangamawanga. Makamaka imakhala ndimithunzi yakuda. Mzere wopepuka umawonekera bwino pakati pa maso ndi mulomo. Anapiye adzawoneka ngati makolo awo mwezi watha wa chirimwe.
Chingwe chachikaso chimakhazikika ku Russia, North Africa, Alaska, North America. Pliska amakonda kukhala padziko lapansi, kupatula magalimoto oyendetsa mitengo omwe amakhala ku Sakhalin kapena Asia.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa ngolo yachikaso
Chikopa chachikaso mbalame yolimba kwambiri. Sipezeka kawirikawiri wodekha. Ndipo panthawiyi ali kalikiliki kuimba. Wogulitsa amatulutsa nyimbo yake ngati chiphokoso, cholira chogwirizana. Chifukwa chogwedeza mchira wawo nthawi zonse, ngati kuti akugwedeza, komanso chifuwa chachikaso, ali ndi dzina ili.
Khalidwe lapadera la kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima. Mbalame sizipereka kwa mdani: mphaka, kaiti, koma m'malo mwake, zimakweza phokoso, potero zimaitana anzawo kuti awathandize, ndikuyamba kuthamangitsa chinthu chowopsa kapena kusokoneza chisa. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame zamtundu wina, mbalame zotchedwa namzeze, zimakhamukira kumalo ena osimidwa.
Ngolo zachikuda zimawerengedwa kuti ndi mbalame zosamuka, kuwonjezera pa zomwe zimapezeka kum'mawa ndi kumwera kwa Africa. Anthu amafika kumayiko akwawo kumayambiriro kwa masika. Ndipo zoyamba kuwoneka ndi zazimuna zakale, kenako zazikazi pamodzi ndi zazing'ono zimatulukira.
Chikopa chachikaso chikuuluka
Amakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, pomwe gombe limabzalidwa ndi tchire. Amakhala moyo wosakhazikika nthawi yonse yotentha. Chizindikiro chopita kumalo ena ndi anapiye omwe akula, omwe amatha kutuluka pachisa mwaokha. Amasintha madera nthawi zonse mpaka atapita kumadera ozizira.
M'dzinja, kusonkhana m'magulu kumayambira. Ndegeyo imachitika pamalo okwera (50 m), m'mitsinje yamadzi. Malo achisanu ndi omwe ali pakati komanso kumwera kwa Africa. M'zaka khumi zoyambirira za Novembala, gulu lankhosa lili pamalo achisanu.
Kudyetsa wagtail wachikaso
Mbalame, wachikasu wagtail amatha kuwuluka otsika, koma amakonda kugwira chakudya pansi, mosiyana ndi zoyera zoyera. Kuyenda mwachangu padziko lapansi, mbalameyi imasaka:
- nsikidzi;
- akangaude;
- mbozi;
- nyerere;
- kafadala;
- udzudzu;
- agulugufe;
- ntchentche;
- tizilombo.
Atapeza nyama yake, mbalameyi imangothamangira pambuyo pake. Atalandira mphotho yakuchita izi, amameza chakudya. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, salola kuti azichita chimodzimodzi. Ozunzidwa akangotuluka m'malo obisalapo, kusaka kumayambiranso. Ngati gawo lawo mulibe chakudya chokwanira, amathamangitsa abale awo osayitanidwa.
Mbalame imabwera kudera lachilendo ndikulira, kukopa chidwi. Kudziwa ngati mwiniwake ali pano. Ngati palibe amene adayankha, kusaka kumayamba. Zimachitika kuti mwini wake ndi. Poterepa, palibe mikangano yomwe imachitika, ndipo ngoloyo imachotsedwa kunyumba.
Nthawi zina chinthu chovutikacho chimatha kukhala tizilombo touluka: ntchentche, mawere oyamwa magazi. Pofunafuna iwo, ayenera kuchita zozizwitsa mlengalenga. Nthawi zina, mumayenera kupeza chakudya posaka m'madzi.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa wagtail wachikaso
Pafupifupi masiku 30 atabwerera kudziko lakwawo, masewera akusewera akusewera. Amuna, kusankha wokwatirana naye, yesetsani kumusangalatsa. Kuti achite izi, amakongoletsa akazi mozungulira, amatambasula mchira wawo nthawi yomweyo, kupanga mauta a njonda, squat.
Chotsatira, banjali liyenera kusamalira nyumba. Malo a zisa zachikaso zachikaso (wamkazi) amasankha mosamala kwambiri kuti pakhale zitsamba ndi madambo ambiri.
Ikhoza kukhala pansi pa nthambi, mdzenje pafupi ndi hummock. Nthawi zina akazi amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba ya anthu m'khola kapena nkhalango. Zochepa kwambiri mumabowo, mizu yamitengo, ming'alu yamiyala, dzenje, pansi pa denga.
Mkazi atangosankha malowo, njira yomanga chisa ili mkati. Voliyumu, ndi yaying'ono, mpaka 11 cm, ngati mawonekedwe a mbale. Pansi pake pamakutidwa ndi ubweya wa nyama zosiyanasiyana, kavalo. Makoma am'mbali amamangidwa kuchokera ku zimayambira ndi masamba a zomera.
Mbalameyi imayikira mazira oyera 4 mpaka 7 okhala ndi madontho otuwa, mizere ya bulauni, yaying'ono mpaka 15 mm kutalika. Milungu iwiri yonse, yaikazi imafungatira mazira, yamphongoyo ili pafupi. Nthawi zina amanyamula chakudya kupita kwa mnzake.
Zikakhala zoopsa, yamphongo nthawi yomweyo imapanga phokoso. Ntchentche nthawi zambiri zimaponya mazira awo m'matumba. Amayipirira, mosasunthika amaswa mazira oponyedwa. Banjali limafungatira ana awo kawiri pachaka.
Chingwe chachikaso chachimuna
Pamene anapiye awoneka, makolo onse amatenga nawo mbali pa unamwino wawo. Chipolopolocho chimakokedwa kutali ndi nyumba momwe zingathere. Pomwe ana akukula, makolo amayenera kubweretsa tizilombo tambirimbiri patsiku.
Achinyamata ataphunzira kuuluka (masiku 14), makolo amakhala omasuka. Ndipo anthu ang'onoang'ono amasonkhana pamodzi ndikuyesa kukhala ndi moyo. M'dzinja, amalimba mtima kuti athe kusamutsira kunyengo yozizira. Kuthengo, ngolo imatha zaka 10, ndipo mu ukapolo imatha kukhala zaka 12.
