Pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi, pali ena omwe sangadzitamande chifukwa cha kukula kwake kapena utoto wowoneka bwino, koma amafunikabe pakati pamadzi.
Kodi cholinga chawo ndikutchuka kotani? Zikuoneka kuti pali nsomba za namwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyanjayi ikhale yoyera mwa kudya nyongolotsi pamakoma ake, miyala ndi zomera zam'madzi. Nsomba ototsinklus - chitsanzo chowoneka bwino cha woyang'anira nyanjayi.
Makhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha ototsinklus
Somik ototsinklyus - nsomba yaing'ono yamadzi yopanda madzi yopanda masentimita 5.5 Habitat - Central ndi North America, makamaka Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Brazil, Orinoco basin ndi kumtunda kwa Amazon. Ototsinklyus amakonda mitsinje yocheperako, pomwe amakhala m'masukulu akulu, omwe nthawi zina amakhala anthu masauzande ambiri.
Thupi la ototsinklus limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati nkhono zambiri zamtunduwu, kubanja lomwe limakhalapo. Amatchedwanso loricaria catfish, munthawi ya zida zankhondo zaku Ufumu wa Roma amatchedwa "lorica". Zowonadi, nsomba zamtchire za banja lino zimakutidwa ndi mafupa omwe amateteza.
Mu chithunzi catfish ototsinklyus zebra
Ototsinklus ndizosiyana - mbali zake zimateteza molondola mizere yamitengo yachikaso, mdima wakuda umaphimbidwanso ndi chipolopolo cha mafupa, malo okhawo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha thupi ndi mimba yake yamvi yakuda, zipsepse ndizochepa, pafupifupi zowonekera kwathunthu. Mzere wakuda ukuwonekera bwino kuchokera mmbali mthupi lonse, ndikusandulika malo kumapeto kwa mchira. Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa malowo kumatha kusiyanasiyana mitundu ndi mitundu.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi nsombazi ndikupuma m'mimba. Pachifukwa ichi, pamakhala mpweya wowuma mthupi la ototsinklus, womwe, ngati kuli kofunikira, umafufuma pammero, kuthandiza nsombayo kuti ifulumire kupita pamwamba kuti ipume mpweya. Ngati catfish imatuluka pafupipafupi, ndi nthawi yolira alamu, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi imapuma pokhapokha ngati sipakhuta mpweya wokwanira ndipo madzi alibe mpweya wokwanira.
Otozinklyus ndi nsomba zoposa modzichepetsa. Ali maso, ali kalikiliki kudya ndere zing'onozing'ono, osazindikira anthu ena okhala m'nyanjayi, ngati samachita zinthu mwankhanza. Ogwira ntchito osatopawa amakhala m'nkhalango zamitengo, pamiyala kapena pamakoma a aquarium, ndikupukuta zophuka zambiri ndi kamwa yawo yoyamwa. Mano a ototsinkluses ndi ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe kuwononga zimayambira ndi masamba, motero amakhala otetezeka ku zomera zamoyo.
Chisamaliro cha Otsinklus ndikugwirizana
Kusunga nkhono za ototsinklus mumtsinje wa aquarium sizovuta ngati mungatsatire malamulo ochepa osavuta:
1. Kuchuluka kwa aquarium kuyenera kukhala osachepera malita 60, ndikumera kwa zomera, zokhala ndi miyala. Malo osungira otsika okhala ndi pansi kwambiri amakhala abwino, chifukwa kuthengo, nsomba zamtchire zimakonda madzi osaya ndipo sizimasambira kupitirira 0,5 m.
2. Makina otenthetsera kukhathamira kotereku ayenera kukhazikika, osasintha mwadzidzidzi. Kutentha kwamadzi kosunga bwino ndi 22-27 ° С. Mitundu yambiri yamaguluwa imatha kulekerera kutentha kopitilira 30 ° C. Aeration iyeneranso kupezeka.
3. Mwachilengedwe, ma ototsinkluses amakhala m'magulu angapo, anthu angapo amayeneranso kuyikidwamo nthawi yomweyo, popeza kukula kwawo kumawalola kukhala ndi ma soms 6-8 ngakhale pang'ono.
4. Nsombazi zimakhudzidwa ndi madzi akuda. M'madzi am'madzi omwe mumakhala ma ototsinkluses, pamafunika kusintha madzi sabata iliyonse osachepera kotala la voliyumu yonse.
Monga tanena kale, mtundu uwu ndi wamtendere kwambiri; chifukwa chake ototsinklus ili pafupi kwambiri ndi nsomba zazing'ono zina. Simuyenera kuwasunga pamodzi ndi anthu ambiri okhala mumtsinjewo, mwachitsanzo ndi ma cichlids, chifukwa omalizawa amakonda kuwukira zinthu zazing'ono.
Komabe, ndalamayi ili ndi vuto: ambiri am'madzi am'madzi amadziwona chizolowezi cha ototsinkluses kuti azimamatira kuma discus ndi zotupa kuti adye ntchofu zawo. Zachidziwikire, scalars sakukondwera ndi izi, chifukwa chake oyandikana nawo amatsutsana kwambiri.
Mitundu
Malinga ndi zomwe zaposachedwa, mtundu wa Otocinclus uli ndi mitundu 18 yosiyanasiyana. Oimira onse amtunduwu ali ndi mtundu wofanana ndi mzere wotsatira, womwe umatha kukhala wopitilira, wosasiya, wowonda, wotambalala, koma mulimonsemo amatha kusiyanitsidwa. Malo amdima pamchira amapezeka paliponse mu ototsinklus, mawonekedwe ake atha kukhala ozunguliridwa, ooneka ngati W, kapena amafanana ndi makona atatu.
Otozinklus affinis, kapena ototinklus wamba yomwe imapezeka m'madzi am'madzi pafupipafupi kuposa ena. Nsombazi ndizolemera masentimita 3-4 okha, mtundu waukulu kwambiri ndi wachikasu-siliva, mbali zake zimadziwika ndi mzere wakuda wakuda, kumbuyo kwake ndi imvi-beige yokhala ndi zitsotso zofiirira komanso mabala owala a mabulo. Zipsepse zowonekera zili ndi utoto wobiriwira pang'ono.
Somik ototsinklyus affinis
Otozinklus arnoldi - wochokera ku Mtsinje wa La Plata (Brazil). Mitunduyi imawoneka kwambiri ngati ototsinklus wamba, koma arnoldi ali ndi mawanga ofiira ofiira kumbuyo. Pa ena photo, chidziwa mitundu iwiriyi ikhoza kusokonezedwa.
Otozinklus wamawangamawanga idabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil, komwe imapezeka pafupifupi mumtsinje uliwonse. Thupi la mitundu iyi limajambulidwa ndimayendedwe a imvi, pali mitundu yokhala ndi utoto wachikaso. Timadontho tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri ta nsomba zonse zimafotokoza dzina lake. Palinso mzere wotsatira - mu zamawangamawanga ototsinklus, ndi wapakatikati.
Somik ototsinklyus wamawangamawanga
Gulani ototsinklyus ndizotheka pamsika komanso m'sitolo iliyonse yazinyama. Chifukwa cha zabwino zomwe amabweretsa, kufunika kwa nsomba zosaonekazi kukukula chaka ndi chaka. Mtengo wa Otozinklus pafupifupi 200-300 rubles.
Chakudya
Pogwira ntchito mosalekeza ndi mkamwa mwake, ototsinklus amatenga tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi zooplankton pamwamba. M'madzi otsukidwa kumene, amatha kufa ndi njala chifukwa chakudya chake chachilengedwe sichokwanira. Wodya nzala wanjala adzafunika kudyetsedwa ndi zakudya zapadera zamasamba. Sadzakana zukini, wowotcha ndi madzi otentha, sipinachi, nkhaka. Pa nthawi yobereka, m'pofunika kuwonjezera chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni pazakudya.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Sikovuta kudziwa kugonana kwa ototsinkluses - akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala otalikirapo komanso olimba. M'nyanja yamchere, nsombazi zimaberekana bwino kwambiri, chifukwa palibe zofunikira zapadera zawo. Cholinga chachikulu choyambira kubzala ndikusintha madzi kukhala madzi abwino.
Nthawi ya chibwenzi imadziwika ndi masewera achilendo okhwima ndi mikangano pakati pa amuna. Kuti mupambane bwino, ndibwino kubzala gulu lonse la ototsinkluses palimodzi, ndiye kuti iwowo adzagawika awiri awiri.
Akapanga chisankho, chachikazi chimakanikiza mutu wake pamimba champhongo, ndikupanga chilembo "T", izi zimathandizira kupanga mkaka. Mazira achonde amamatira kumalo obisalako komwe amayeretsa kwa masiku 2-7. Clutch imakhala ndi mazira 100-150 ang'onoang'ono otuluka.
Pambuyo masiku 2-3 mutakhwima, amathyola mwachangu, omwe amayenera kusungidwa mumtsuko wotsika (osakwana 20 cm), ndikudyetsedwa ndi microworm, dzira yolk, spirulina. Mwachangu amakhala okhwima azaka zapakati pa miyezi 7, ndikusungidwa molondola mu ukapolo, ototsinklyus catfish amakhala zaka 5-6.
