Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Chilengedwe chimapatsa nyama, nthawi zina, mtundu wosazolowereka. Chimodzi mwa zinyama zowala kwambiri, zamitundu yachilendo ndi mandrill... Nyaniyu akuwoneka kuti wasonkhanitsa mitundu yonse ya utawaleza chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake.
Mphuno yake ndi yofiira kwambiri, pafupi ndi mphuno pali mafupa a buluu kapena abuluu abuluu, ndevu ndi tsitsi kumaso ndichikaso, mwa ena ndi lalanje kapena loyera. Matako amathwanima ndi kukongola - mtundu wawo umatha kukhala wofiira mpaka kubuluu komanso ngakhale wofiirira. Nthawi yomweyo, tsitsi lomwe limaphimba thupi lonse ndi mutu limatha kukhala labulauni kapena bulauni, komanso mthunzi wa azitona.
Poterepa, m'mimba mwajambula utoto wowala. Amuna amadzikongoletsa makamaka mitundu yowala, akazi amajambulidwa pang'ono. Kukula kwa nyaniyu ndikokulirapo. Mwamuna wokhwima pogonana amatha kufikira 50 kg, ndikukula kwake kumafika masentimita 80. Akazi amakhala pafupifupi theka la kukula. Amalemera makilogalamu 12 mpaka 15, ndipo sapitilira 60 cm kutalika.
Mphuno imakulitsidwa patsogolo, makutu ndi apakatikati, mchira ndi wamfupi, ndi masentimita pafupifupi 6. Nyani uyu amayenda ndi miyendo inayi, kutsamira zala zake. Mandrill amakhala m'nkhalango za equator, nyengo ya Gabon, Cameroon ndiyoyenera kwambiri kwa iye, imapezeka ku Republic of the Congo.
Kwa utoto wowala wa anyaniwa amakonda kusunga malo osiyanasiyana osungira nyama. Kusamalira bwino ukapolo kumabweretsa mitundu yatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, pakuwoloka mandrill ndi anyani, mandrill wokhala ndi mangabey, mandrill wokhala ndi kuboola, mwana wathanzi kwathunthu amawoneka. Ndipo asayansi adatha kutsimikizira izi. Koma mgwirizano wa mandrill ndi macaque udapatsa anawo kufooka kwambiri, kosatheka.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Khalani ndi Moyo nyani mandrill Amakonda ziweto zazing'ono, zomwe sizipangidwira chaka chimodzi, koma, makamaka, pamoyo wonse wamunthu kapena kwanthawi yayitali. Mu gulu limodzi lotere, pamakhala anthu 30 okha. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika. Mwachitsanzo, gulu lodziwika bwino la mandrill, lomwe kuchuluka kwake kudafika pamitu 1300 (National Park. Gabon). Zimachitika kuti munthawi yovuta ya moyo (chilala) mabanja angapo amakhala amodzi.
Koma zodabwitsazi ndizakanthawi, mwamachitidwe wamba palibe "odutsa" pagulu, gulu lonse limakhala ndi abale. Gulu lirilonse lotereli limatsogozedwa ndi mtsogoleri, yemwe udindo wake ndi wosatsutsika. Ndi amene amasunga bata pagulu lonse, samalola mikangano iliyonse, ndipo akazi ndi abulu achichepere, ngakhale amuna, omwe udindo wawo siwokwera kwambiri, amamvera.
Zokongola izi sizingatchulidwe zamtendere, ndizovuta. Ndi kusamvera kulikonse kwa mtsogoleri, kumachitika nkhondo yoopsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amafotokozera ubale wamphongo tsiku lililonse.
Mandrill amakhala moyo wokhazikika, amawonetsa gawo lawo ndi madzi apadera, salandila alendo ndipo amadziwa momwe angatetezere. Gawoli limayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse - masana, anyani amadutsa katundu wawo mosalephera. Kuphatikiza apo, anyani amafunafuna chakudya masana, amasewera ndi ana awo, amalumikizana, ndipo amangopita kumitengo kukagona usiku.
Chakudya
Pazakudya zabwino, anyani amenewa samangokhalira kusankha, amakhala omnivorous. Mano awo amatsimikizira chimodzimodzi. Kwenikweni, mandrill amadya zomera ndi tizilombo. Pazosankha zake pamakhala makungwa amitengo, masamba azomera, zimayambira, zipatso, kafadala, nkhono, zinkhanira, nyerere zosiyanasiyana ndi chiswe. Anyani sasiya mazira a mbalame, anapiye, makoswe ang'onoang'ono ndi achule.
Ngakhale ma mandrill ali ndi mayini akulu, chakudya chanyama chimangokhala 5% yazakudya zonse. Zomera ndi nyama zazing'ono ndizokwanira kwa iwo. Amalandira chakudya chawo ndi zala zawo, amatulutsa zipatsozo mosavutikira masamba kapena masamba.
Kuphatikiza pa kuti ma mandrill amapeza chakudya pawokha, amagwiritsanso ntchito zomwe zatsala kwa anzawo. Mwachitsanzo, anyani amadya mumitengo, ndipo zinyalala zambiri zimagwera kuchokera pamenepo. Mandrills mofunitsitsa adya zomwe zidagwa anyani.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Amayi amatha kubereka ana patangotha miyezi 39 atabadwa. Kukhathamira kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse pamene mkazi amakhala nthawi yabwino kwambiri yogonana. Kukonzekera kukwatirana mwa amuna ndi akazi kumawoneka ndi mtundu wa khungu m'dera loberekera.
Mahomoni akakwera, khungu limakhala lowala. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa dera lino kumasinthanso akazi. Mamuna wamwamuna Atha kusankha kukwatira mkazi aliyense yemwe ali munthawi yabwino, koma akazi atha kukwatiwa ndi mtsogoleriyo, mtsogoleri wa paketiyo salola "chikondi" china.
Pachithunzicho, madrila achikazi
Chifukwa chake, ana onse mgulu angakhale ndi amayi osiyana, koma aliyense amakhala ndi bambo m'modzi. Ndipo zidzakhala mpaka mtsogoleriyu atasinthidwa ndi wamwamuna wachichepere komanso wamphamvu, wokhoza kupambana pagulu kuchokera kwa mtsogoleri wokalambayu. Akakwatirana, masiku 245 adzadutsa, ndipo mwana m'modzi adzabadwa. Poyamba, mayi amavala pachifuwa pake, koma ndi mwana yekhayo amene amalimba pang'ono, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo amapita kumbuyo kwa mayi.
Mkazi amadyetsa anawo ndi mkaka. Pafupifupi, amamudyetsa mpaka miyezi 10, koma ngakhale pambuyo pake, ana okulirapo pang'ono amakhala pafupi ndi amayi awo. Ngakhale atakwanitsa zaka zitatu, anyani achichepere amabwera kwa amayi awo usiku, nthawi yogona.
Ngakhale ma mandrill ndi ochepa, amakonda kusewera, amakonda kukhala ndi amayi awo, amakhala nawo modzipereka kwa maola ambiri akawasamalira. Sakhala aukali konse komanso amanyazi kwambiri. Mwana akakula, amakhala pamakwerero otsika kwambiri pamakwerero apamwamba.
Pachithunzichi pali mandrill ya mwana
Wamwamuna atakwanitsa zaka 4-5, ndiye kuti, atakula msinkhu, amayamba kumenya nkhondo ndi abambo ake, kutanthauza kuti, adadzinena kuti ndi mtsogoleri. Koma sikuti aliyense amapambana kukwaniritsa utsogoleri, ndipo osati nthawi yomweyo. Mtsikana wamng'ono sadzatha kutenga mwayi wapadera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kupatula apo, udindo wake umadalira kuti abweretse ana angati. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi ana amoyo okha omwe amawawona. Zachidziwikire, malingaliro a mtsogoleri wonyamula nawo amathandizanso. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo imafika zaka 30.
