Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Chinthu choyamba chomwe chimakugwirirani ndi mawonekedwe ake: ndiwofewa, ndikuganiza ambiri awona kukulira pachithunzichi, izi ndichifukwa choti amakhala m'munsi. Nsombazo sizikhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kuyambira kubadwa, mwachangu amafanana ndi nsomba zina wamba, ndipo akamakula amayamba kufanana ndi achikulire.
Maso awo amakhala koyambirira m'mbali mwa thupi, kenako diso limodzi - kumanja kapena kumanzere, pang'onopang'ono limasunthira mbali inayo, ndipo mbali yomwe maso onse amakhala amakhala "pamwamba" mwa nsomba, ndipo mimba ina, yomwe imakhala yopepuka komanso yolimba, kotero nsomba nsomba zithunzi nthawi zonse pansi.
Imatha kukhala pansi mpaka 200 m, koma kuya kwabwino kwambiri ndi 10-15 m. Kukula kwa nsombayi ndikokulirapo, chifukwa pali mitundu ingapo yamiyeso - yomwe imakhala munyanja:
- nyanja,
- nsomba ya taboti,
- nyanja yakuda,
- nthiti;
- ndi okhala mumtsinje - madzi amadzi amchere.
Nsomba zowuluka m'madzi ndi mitsinje pakuwonekera samasiyana kwambiri, amatha kusiyanasiyana kukula, abale am'nyanja amafikira kukula kwakukulu. Pali chochitika chodziwika pomwe amalinyero adagwira chimphona chachikulu cholemera makilogalamu 100 ndikuyeza pafupifupi mita ziwiri.
Malo okhala amakhalanso osiyana, nyanja imapezeka nthawi zambiri munyengo yotentha, Nyanja ya Atlantic, komanso imapezeka ku North, White, Black and White Sea. Mtsinjewo umakhalanso m'nyanja, koma imatha kusambira mpaka kumalo amadzi amitsinje, imapezeka mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean, mu Nyanja Yakuda komanso mumitsinje yodziwika bwino.
Amapezekanso mu fairway ya Mtsinje wa Yenisei. Palinso mitundu yosiyana - Nyanja Yakuda, yomwe imakonda kwambiri asodzi ogulitsa, ili ndi kuthekera kotsanzira, imakhala ndi moyo wamchenga komanso wosaka.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa nsomba nsomba pansi yomwe imasintha moyo wake. Ngakhale mwachilengedwe flounder ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndipo zimadya nyama, koma izi sizimakakamiza kuti zizigwira ntchito, zimakonda kusaka.
Pachithunzicho, chovalacho chimaphimbidwa pansi panyanja
Amagona osasunthika, ngati kuli kofunikira, amabowolera mumchenga ndi dothi, kuyenda mozungulira poyenda kumapangitsa kukhumudwa ndikutupa nthaka yowazungulira, kenako kumagona mdzenje ndipo nthaka yolimba imaphimba thupi lake.
Koma sizokhazi zomwe nsomba zimatha kubisala - thupi lake limakhala ndi mawonekedwe kumbali yowoneka, yomwe imatha kusintha kuti izolowere chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawoneke kwambiri. Kutha kumeneku kumatchedwa kutsanzira zolengedwa zonse, koma mitundu yonse ya ukapolo ingagwiritse ntchito, nsomba zakhungu sizingasinthe mtundu wawo.
Ngati pangakhale zoopsa kapena zoopsa, wophulitsayo amakwera mwamphamvu kuchokera pansi, amatembenukira mbali yake ndikuyandama kuchoka kumalo oyenda bwino ndikuyenda mwamphamvu, kenako kugona pansi ndi khungu
Pachithunzipa, mtsinje umasefukira
Chakudya
Pa "tebulo" la flounder pali "mbale" zosiyanasiyana, zakudya zake ndizosiyanasiyana: plankton, nkhono zazing'ono, nyongolotsi, komanso ma crustaceans ndi crustaceans. Amathanso kudya nkhanu ndi nsomba zazing'ono - mwachitsanzo, capelin, ngati amasambira pafupi kwambiri ndi malo omwe adabisalapo, ngakhale samakonda nsomba zowotchera komanso zowononga kuti azimusiya komwe amakhala, kuti asadzakhale nkhomaliro ya wina. Amakonda kukadzibisa m'nthaka yamchenga, komwe imatha kudzipezera chakudya, nsagwada zake zimasinthidwa bwino.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso malo okhala, flounder ikubala zimachitikanso munthawi yofunika kwambiri, pafupifupi pafupifupi nyengo zonse. Kuberekana kumatha kuchitika kuyambira Meyi mpaka nthawi yozizira, ndipo mitundu ina ya mbalame zimabereka pansi pa ayezi. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tambiri tomwe timakhala tambiri timakhala ndi nthawi yodzala.
Pachithunzicho, nsomba zam'madzi
Njira yamoyo imapangitsa kuti wopondaponda akhale wosungulumwa, chifukwa ndikosavuta kupeza chakudya chokha, koma ikafika nthawi yobereka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasonkhana ndikusochera. Izi zimabweretsa kuwoloka kwa mitundu ingapo.
Flounder imatha msinkhu ndi zaka 3 - 4, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kuikira mazira 100 mpaka 13 miliyoni. Kukula kwawo kumakhala pafupifupi millimeter imodzi, koma mwina theka ndi theka.
Nthawi yokwanira yopangira mazira imadalira malo ndi nyengo: m'malo otentha okhala ndi kutentha kwamadzi, kukula kwa mazira kumatha kuchitika tsiku limodzi, kumpoto kwa kumpoto, makulitsidwe amatha miyezi iwiri ndi theka.
Mazirawo akamasambira mwaulere m'madzi, amaonekera poyera, koma akamira pansi, amayamba kusintha. Metamorphosis imasintha mawonekedwe awo - zipsepse, kumatako ndi kupindika zimasunthira mbali, mbali zina za thupi zimasinthanso chimodzimodzi.
Mwachangu omwe akutuluka amayamba kufunafuna chakudya, pagawo loyamba amadyetsa zooplankton, chifukwa chakudya chawo chimakhala chokwanira, mawonekedwewo amasintha - diso kumanzere limasunthira kumanja, ndipo mbali yakumanzere imakhala pansi.
Nthawi zina mbalizo zimatha kupanga njira ina, ndichifukwa chake akatswiri azachipatala sangathe kuyankha, koma zadziwika kuti kupatuka pamachitidwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika mumtsinje.
Nthawi yazimayi imatha kukhala zaka 30 kupitilira pang'ono, pomwe amuna amakhala ndi zaka 20-25. Pomaliza kufotokozera kosavuta Tiyenera kudziwa momwe nsomba yayikulu idasinthira, yaphunzira kubisala pansi, kuti ikhale m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikuberekana.
Simudzawona nsomba zowola, popeza sizotheka kuzisokoneza ndi wina aliyense. Ngati mungafunse wina kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa nsomba, ndiye kuti mudzalandira yankho nthawi yomweyo - mosabisa, Vedic ndichinthu chapadera. Mitundu yonse yamitunduyo imagawidwa m'mabanja asanu ndi limodzi, ambiri mwa iwo ndi am'madzi, omwe amapezeka pamadzi ku Pacific ndi Atlantic Ocean.
Kusodza kumene kumapezeka kawirikawiri kumakungwa a Black, White, Mediterranean ndi Baltic. Posachedwa, kufunika kwa ma flounder kwakula ku United States. Pa gombe la Black Sea, kuchuluka kwa nsomba, chifukwa cha kuwedza kosalekeza, komwe kufunikira kwa Turkey kudatsogolera, kudayamba kuwonongeka.
