Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Dziko lazitsamba lili ndi mbali zambiri komanso zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo oimira ake sakuwoneka, koma odabwitsa komanso osangalatsa mwa njira yawo. Mwa iwo, malo otchuka amakhala ndi zolengedwa zazing'ono zochokera ku Coleoptera, zomwe zimangotchedwa - kafadala.
Ntchito yawo yofunikira pa dziko lapansi imawerengedwa mamiliyoni mazana ambiri, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yambiri - mazana mazana. Ndipo pakati pa zolengedwa zazikulu kwambiri, komanso zosangalatsa za chilengedwe cha mtundu uwu, mutha kutchula Chipembere, kuphatikiza banja la lamellar.
Cholengedwa ichi ndi chodabwitsa osati mawonekedwe komanso kukula, komanso mphamvu, zomwe, potengera zochepa zake, zimaposa zolengedwa zonse zapadziko lapansi, pang'ono pang'ono, inde. Inde, monga nyerere, kafadala kameneka kamatha kukoka zinthu zazikulu kwambiri kuposa iwo kukula ndi kulemera kwake.
Mutu wamwamuna umakongoletsedwa ndi mawonekedwe komanso owoneka bwino, wokulirapo, wokhotakhota kumbuyo, nyanga yamipando itatu, yayikulu m'munsi ndikugundana mpaka kumapeto. Chifukwa cha iye, kafadala adapeza dzina.
Kachilombo kakang'ono ka chipembere kameneka kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati nyanga
Ngakhale mwa akazi izi sizimadziwika, koma zoyambira zake zokha.
Koma kafadala wamkazi amakhala ndi zoyambira zokha za nyanga.
Amuna amphongo oterewa nthawi yokhwima amatha kufikira 47 mm, koma anzawo nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako theka la sentimita. Thupi lomwelo la zolengedwa zotere, zomwe, monga miyendo, zimamangidwa kuchokera kumagulu, zimawala pansi pa dzuwa ndi khungu lofiirira lofiirira. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lake lakumtunda limakhala lakuda kuposa pansi, ndipo mimba imatulutsa chikasu chachikaso.
Ndi kukongola kwapadera Chipembere zitha kuwonedwa poyang'ana chithunzi... Mutu wa tizilombo timeneti si waukulu kwambiri kukula kwake, koma gawo lake lalikulu limakhala ndi nyanga, mbali yakutsogolo ndiyosalala, yokutidwa ndi madontho ambiri.
Zolemba zomwezo ndi mabulosi ofiira ofiira amapezeka pachifuwa. Kumbuyo kwa kachilomboka kumakhala kotsekemera, kotalika. Tinyanga tokhota tofanana ndi magulu amiyala, zomwe zidakhala zifukwa za dzina la oimira banja lonse.
Zingwe za zolengedwa izi sizitali, koma zamphamvu, pafupifupi zakuda ndi utoto wowonjezera wofiira, ndipo zimathera ndi zikhadabo zopindika.
Chikumbu chimasankha nkhalango kwa moyo wonse, chimakonda madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, yomwe imapezeka kumadera ambiri ku Eurasia, komanso imapezeka kwambiri m'maiko aku Africa. Tizilombo tomwe timatha kuzika mizu ngakhale m'malo ovuta, koma ovuta, koma pamenepo timasankha madera omwe anthu amakhala.
Ndipo pokhapokha ndalama za anthu, kachilomboka kanafalikira kudera lakumpoto. Kawirikawiri, nyongolotsi zoterezi zimakumana ndikadula mitengo, zimaswanirana m'malo obiriwira komanso m'mapaki.
Zilombozi zadziwa kutambasula kwa Russia pafupifupi kwathunthu, kupatula kuti madera ovuta kwambiri komanso ozizira sali oyenera zamoyo zawo.
Chipembere nthawi zambiri chimawoneka pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu
M'mayiko ena ku Europe, zolengedwa zotere zimatetezedwa. Ponena za Russian Federation, mdera ladzikoli mtundu uwu wa tizilombo suwonedwa ngati wamba. Komabe, mu Kachilomboka kofiira adalembedwabe, koma m'malo ena mchigawo chathu.
Kuchuluka kwa tizilomboti ndikokulirapo. Komabe, chiwerengero chake chatsika posachedwa. Amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chake ndi zochita za anthu, komanso kusintha kosafunikira kwachilengedwe padziko lapansi.
Mitundu
Ndiwo mtundu wambiri wa tizilombo tambiri. Kumbu lomwe tafotokozali limapezeka m'chilengedwe chomwe timakonda kwambiri nthawi zambiri ndipo mwanjira ina chimatchedwa chipembere. Koma sikuti ndi mitundu yokhayo.
M'malo mwake, pali mitundu yambiri ya kachilomboka m'chilengedwe. Koma kudziwika kwawo kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuchepa kwakukulu kwa zolengedwa, ngakhale mwa anthu ena.
Zolengedwa zodabwitsa izi zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana pakapangidwe ka nyanga (nyanga) ndi thupi, utoto ndi kukula. Koma ena mwa iwo ndioyenera kufotokozedwa mwapadera.
- Hercules kafadala amakhala m'dera lotentha la America ndi zilumba zapafupi. Kukula kwa kachilomboka ndi kochititsa chidwi, kofika masentimita 17 mwa oimira amuna, koma Chikumbu chachikazi zosiyanazi ndizochepera kawiri.
Mbali yakutsogolo ya cholengedwa ichi, kuphatikiza nyanga ndi mano, ndi yakuda. Pamwamba pa nyanga, zokutidwa ndi ubweya wofiira wandiweyani mkati, amalunjika kutsogolo ndikuweramira pansi.
Ina, yomwe ili pansi pa yoyamba, ndi yaying'ono ndipo imakhala yopindika. Kumbuyo kwa thupi, makamaka elytra wa chimphona ichi, ndichikaso ndi maolivi kapena utoto wofiirira, nthawi zina ndimadontho akuda, kutengera subspecies.
Hercules kachilomboka
- Chikumbu cha ku Japan chimakhalanso ndi nyanga ziwiri, kumtunda ndi kumunsi, zakuda. Iwo ndi opindika mkatikati, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi osiyana kotheratu ndipo amapindika kumapeto, amafanana ndi mafoloko awiriawiri. Ma elytra a kafadala ngati awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ofiira ofiira.
Chipembere cha chipembere cha ku Japan chimakhala ndi nyanga ngati ma pulogalamu awiri omwe amapangika kumapeto
- Chikumbu cha unicorn ndi mtundu waku North America. Ngakhale lili ndi dzinalo, lili ndi nyanga zitatu. Imwambamwamba ndi yayikulu ndikulunjika kutsogolo. Ndipo pansipa pali njira zina zowongoka, koma ndizocheperako.
Elytra wa zolengedwa zotere amatha kukhala wachikaso wachikaso ndi mawanga, imvi, komanso obiriwira.
Chikumbu cha chipembere
- Njovu kachilomboka. Amuna amtunduwu amapatsidwanso kukula kwakukulu. Ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kufikira masentimita 12. Koma nyanga zake sizosangalatsa kwenikweni. M'malo mwake, izi ndi mphukira chabe pamutu.
Mu chithunzi njuchi njovu
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Nyongolotsi zotere zimasankha nkhalango zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje komanso pamwamba pa mapiri, komanso nkhalango zachilengedwe zopangira nkhalango. Nthawi zambiri nyama izi zimakwera m'mapanga a mitengo. Nthawi zambiri amapeza pogona pamakungwa amitengo ndi malo ena ofanana, nthawi zina amabisala pansi.
Zamoyo zoterezi zimapezekanso m'zipululu zochepa momwe, monga zigawo zakumpoto, zimakhazikika pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu.
Ntchentche zonse masana zimakhala m'malo ogona, ndipo zimagwira ntchito yawo usiku. Zilombozi zimatha kuuluka, ndipo zimachita bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale izi, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndizosemphana ndi malamulo achilengedwe. Pali milandu pamene kafadala akawuluka pa English Channel, kuthana ndi mtunda wamakilomita makumi asanu osapumira.
Chikumbu chiuluka patali kwambiri
Kuuluka kwa zipembere kumatha kuwonedwa miyezi isanu yotentha yachaka, kumadera ena nthawi imeneyi imakhala yocheperako. M'masiku otentha, kafadala nthawi zambiri amatenga fumbi lamatabwa ndi nthaka ndi nyanga zake, kuti athawire m'malo ozizira a nkhalango.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso mbalame zazikuluzikulu, monga agalu, akhwangwala ndi ena, zimawopseza zolengedwa zoterezi. Komanso tizilomboti tomwe timatulutsa tizilomboti nthawi zambiri timafalikira pa kachilomboka, mwachitsanzo, tizirombo ting'onoting'ono tokhala ngati oval tolimba.
Ndipo pakati pa mphutsi za tizilombo tomwe tafotokozazi, chimphona skoliya - cholengedwa chamatenda kuchokera pagulu la mavu akulu, chimatha kuyikira mazira. Ana ake amadya mphutsi zopunduka zomwe amayi awo sangathe kuchita, pomwe anawo alibe mwayi wopulumuka.
Kwa malo okhala, nyongolotsi ndizoyenera makungwa amitengo ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono mumitengo
Mitundu ya zolengedwa izi imafalikira padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ili ndi chidwi chachikulu kwa anthu. Komabe, ngakhale zonsezi, zochepa zawerengedwa. Nthano za anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri zimapatsa zolengedwa zodabwitsa zotere mwachinsinsi, m'nthano ndi nthano zomwe zimanenedwa ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu zapadera.
Palinso ambiri omwe akufuna kukhala nawo Chikumbu choweta... Zowonadi, uyu ndiye woyimira woyamba wa ufumu wa tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, kufunitsitsa kukhala pafupi ndi iye ndikuwona machitidwe ake ndikomveka.
Komabe, kafadala wamkulu samakhala motalika, ndipo chikhumbo chachikulu pakadali pano ndi kuswana, komanso kwa omwe amayimira theka lachikazi, akuyikira mazira. Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa izi zimachira, kutengera kukhazikitsidwa kwa chilengedwe, kupita kudziko lina.
choncho kusunga kachilomboka - njirayi siyosangalatsa komanso yopatsa zipatso kwa aliyense, ndipo imangosangalatsa mafani akulu a zoology.
Zakudya zabwino
Mphutsi za zolengedwa izi zimadya makamaka nkhuni zowola, amathanso kudya manyowa, humus, kompositi. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinyalala motere, zolengedwa izi mosakayikira ndizothandiza pazachilengedwe chonse komanso ntchito zaulimi za anthu makamaka.
Nthawi zina, mphutsi za kachilomboka zimayambitsa mavuto, kuwononga mizu ya zomera zina ndi nsagwada zawo zamphamvu pokadyetsa: mbande za apurikoti, zidutswa zapinki, minda yamphesa. Koma izi sizikhala ndimakhalidwe ambiri. Ndipo chifukwa chake, tizilombo timeneti si tizirombo.
Kodi kachilomboka kamadya chiyani?? Ndizosangalatsa kuti achikulire, monga momwe sayansi imadziwira, samadya kalikonse, koma amawononga nkhokwe zomwe adapeza m'chibwibwi. Chifukwa chake, okonda zachilengedwe omwe amafuna kuwasunga panyumba ayenera kudziwa kuti safunikira kudyetsedwa konse.
Ndipo poyika nyama zotere mu aquarium, mutha kungoyang'ana mayendedwe awo, omwe sakhala zochitika zosangalatsa nthawi zonse.
Mphutsi ndi nkhani yosiyana, ndikofunikira kusamalira zakudya zawo. Ndizodabwitsa kuti kukula kwake ndikokulirapo kuposa kafadala pakakula - pafupifupi khumi, nthawi zina kuposa masentimita.
Ndipo amakhala zaka zitatu, nthawi zina zaka zinayi. Muyenera kusamala kwambiri posamutsa mphutsi zomwe zimapezeka munkhalango kunyumba kwanu. Chikho ichi chikapezeka, mwachitsanzo, pa chitsa chowola, ndibwino kudula gawo lake ndikunyamula cholengedwa chomwe mumakonda nacho osawononga nsalu zosakhwima.
Kenako ikani aquarium ndi dothi lonyowa nthawi zonse. Dyetsani Mphutsi za chipembere Zitha kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamaapulo kapena nthochi. Peat, zowola zamatabwa, mapadi amaperekedwanso bwino ngati chakudya. Pakapita kanthawi, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, cholengedwa chimenechi chimayenera kukhala chibonga.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Mazira achonde a nyama izi nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yovunda pa zitsa zowola, kompositi ndi milu ya ndowe. Atatsiriza ntchitoyi, mkaziyo, atakwaniritsa ntchito yake yachilengedwe, amamwalira.
Mu nkhuni zowola, mitengo yakugwa ndi ziphuphu zakale, mphutsi za kachilomboka zimakula bwino, zomwe zimaswa kuchokera mazira patatha mwezi umodzi kuyambira chiyambi.
Mphutsi za chipembere
Muluwa wa manyowa ndi manyowa, zinyalala zamatabwa, zokhala ndi zinthu zochepa zowola, tizilombo timeneti timaberekana bwino, ndipo mphutsi zawo zazikulu, zachikasu zokhala ndi thupi lokulira lopindika zimadyetsa gawo lapansi mozungulira.
Pakadutsa mphutsi, nthawi yayitali kwambiri m'moyo wa kafadala, oimira tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ali ndi zaka zinayi. Kenako amakhala zilombo ndipo amakhala mderali kwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, amadutsa munthawi yazosintha. Pambuyo pake, panali kachilombo kakang'ono.
Nyongolotsi zopangidwa zimakhalapo padziko lapansi zosaposa miyezi itatu. Koma nthawi iyi ndikwanira kuti mupeze awiri oyenera ndikutenga nawo gawo pakupitiliza kwa mtundu wina. Umu ndi momwe kuzungulira kumeneku kumachitikira.
