Mbalame yosangalatsa yokhala ndi mawu ofinya imakhazikika mu steppe, yomwe ndi chikho chosangalatsa kwambiri kwa mlenje aliyense. Amatchedwa landrail. Chifukwa? crake mbalame ankawona chikho chosakidwa kwambiri cha alenje?
Chowonadi ndichakuti ndizovuta kuti mugwire. Popeza kuti nthawi zambiri amapanga mawu osokosera, nthawi zina amatchedwa "zipsinjo". Kufuula kwachisoni kwa chimanga kumamveka kutali kwamakilomita.
Mverani mawu a chimanga
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ngakhale amveke mawu a njoka yamphongopafupi kwambiri, malo ake enieni sikophweka kuwerengera. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti mbalameyi, pamene imaimba, imatambasula khosi lake mokwera ndi kupotokola mutu mbali zosiyanasiyana.
Kuyendetsa koteroko kumasintha kayendedwe ka phokoso nthawi zonse. Mbalame yaying'onoyi imachokera ku dongosolo ndi banja la abusa. Yatsani chithunzi cha ngozi ya mbalame zikhoza kuwonedwa kuti iye ndi woposa pang'ono thrush. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 27-30. Mapiko a mapiko amafikira masentimita 46-53.
Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 200. Mtundu wa nthenga za chimanga ndi chakuda-bulauni komanso mawanga aimvi. Kumbuyo kwake, utoto wake umafanana ndi mamba a nsomba. Pamimba pamakhala nthenga zofiirira zokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiira.
Mithunzi yakuda imawoneka pakhosi, mbali ina ya mutu ndi chifuwa. M'mbali mwake mwa mbalameyi mwapangidwa utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira. Ndipo pamapiko pali nthenga yofiirira yofiirira yokhala ndi mawanga achikasu oyera. Mlomo wa chimanga sichimawoneka. Ndi yaifupi koma yamphamvu. Miyendo ya mbalameyi ndi imvi. Pomwe zimauluka, zimangokhalira kumbuyo kwa mchira wake waufupi.
Tikayang'ana malongosoledwe a njoka, iyi ndi nthenga yaying'ono komanso yosawonekera, yomwe nthawi zina imaphatikizana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chomwe imakhalapo kotero imawoneka ngati yosawoneka konse. Mkazi pafupifupi samasiyana ndi wamwamuna. Kupatula mtundu wa chotupa. Mwa amuna imvi, ndipo mwa akazi imakhala yofiira.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala chimanga
Kwenikweni gawo lonse la Russia limakhala ndi chimanga. Ndizosatheka kuziwona kokha m'zigawo za Far North ndi Far East, kulinso ku Ireland, Great Britain. Ambiri akudabwa chimanga chimasamukira kapena ayi... Yankho ndilosakayikira - inde.
Chifukwa chake, moyo wawo umagawika nthawi zonse magawo awiri - moyo wokhalamo, komanso moyo m'maiko ofunda. Mbalamezi zimasankha malo okhala mapiri, madambo, malo osungira, minda yodzaza ndi nkhalango, kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango, malo ouma owuma. Ndikofunika kuti pafupi ndi chisa chawo pali zomera zazitali komanso zosalimba kwambiri.
M'nyengo yozizira amakhala m'nkhalango, m'mapiri ndi m'nkhalango za mabango, malo omwe chimanga cha chimanga chimakhala kunja kwa minda yobzalidwa ndi minda yamasamba. Kukhalapo kwa matupi amadzi pafupi sikutanthauza kuti amakonda chinyezi chambiri. Iwo sangakhoze kupirira icho. Zimadziwika kuti chimanga cha chimanga chiribe subspecies. Ndiye m'modzi yekha woimira mtunduwo. Chimanga chimafika kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu.
M'dzinja, amakonzekera kukonzekera kuthawa pasadakhale nyengo yozizira. Koma zokonzekera izi zikukokedwa kunja. Sikuti nthumwi zonse za chimanga cha chimanga zimauluka kupita kumadera ofunda. Pali omwe amasankha kuchita izi kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, nthawi yoyamba chisanu, ndipo nthawi zina amafa chifukwa cha kuzizira.
Samaphatikizana pouluka pagulu lalikulu, osapanga masango akulu. Nthawi zambiri, amapirira maulendo apaulendo okha komanso amabisala mumitengo, zomwe sizimapangitsa kuti athe kudziwa nthawi yomwe adzafike.
Anthu ena amakhazikitsa tsikuli mwa kulira kwawo kophulika, chifukwa chake amalakwitsa. Chifukwa pakati pakufika kwa chimanga ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yawo yokwatirana pakhoza kukhala mpata wamasabata angapo. Crake ndani uyu kudziwika kale. Palinso mfundo zina zofunika kuzifotokoza.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa chimanga
Crake sakonda kuwuluka. Amakhala moyo wawo wonse akudumpha muudzu wautali kufunafuna chakudya. Sangathe kukwera m'mlengalenga. Amatha kukakamizidwa kuti achite izi mwadzidzidzi, mwachitsanzo, kuwopseza moyo. Koma ngakhale izi sizingapangitse chimanga kuuluka patali. Zomwe angachite ndikuuluka mita zingapo ndikubisalanso muudzu. Amayenda bwino.
Corncrake sichiyanjana. Iwo ali ndi mitala. Pakati pa nyimbo zawo zaukwati, chimanga chimatengeka ndi kuyimba kwakuti samamva ngakhale munthu kapena nyama ikuyandikira. Alenje amadziwa kuyang'anitsitsa kwa mbalameyi ndipo amaigwiritsa ntchito posaka. Ndikofunika kuyenda ndendende nthawi yomwe mbalame ikuimba. Pomwe chimanga chimapuma kuyimba, chikumbumtima chimabwerera kwa iye, titero, ndipo amakhala tcheru.
Mbalameyo ikangomva zowopsa zake, mbalame zikumveka crake amasintha kwambiri. Zikuwoneka ngati kulira kwa nyani. Crake ndi mbalame imodzi yamadzulo. Pansi pa nyengo yabwino, amatha kukhala ndi moyo wokangalika usiku wonse ndipo m'mawa amangopita ku mpumulo woyenera.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwona kuwonongeka kwa chimanga kuthawa. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo lawo lonse lakumaso, limodzi ndi mutu wawo, limapindika, moyang'ana pansi, kuti mchira wawo ukhale wapamwamba. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mbalameyi imadzutsa mutu kuti iganizire koti ipite kwina. Mbalame yomwe imayenda motere, yokhala ndi khosi lalitali nthawi ndi nthawi, imawoneka yoposekera.
Zinthu zimakhala zoseketsa kwambiri pomwe, poyang'ana madera ozungulira, chimanga chimakhala kulira kooneka ngati kolimbikitsa. Pakakhala ngozi, mbalameyi imayesetsa kuthawa. Wothamanga chimanga ndibwino kwambiri.
Amathamanga mpaka atathawa. Koma, ngati awona kuti izi ndizosatheka, ndikufunitsitsa kwake kuwuluka, akukwera kumwamba. Kodi chimanga chimawoneka bwanji? kuthawa? Amawoneka ngati woyendetsa ndege wosakhazikika komanso wovuta. Atayenda kwa mamitala angapo motere, amatera ndikupitiliza kudzipulumutsa okha ndi njira yoyenera iwowo.
Crake mbalame chakudya
Crake si mbalame yodula. Zakudya zake zimaphatikizaponso zakudya zamasamba komanso chakudya cha nyama. Sichikhala pachabe kuti azikhala pafupi ndi minda ndi minda. Kumeneko mutha kupindula ndi tirigu, mbewu za zomera zambiri ndi tizilombo. Mphukira zazing'ono zazomera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Chokoma chomwe chimakonda kwambiri chimanga chaching'ono ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, milipedes, nkhono, mavuvu.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa chimanga
Atafika komwe amakhala, chimanga chimaganizira za cholowa chawo. Mkazi amakonza malo ake okhala muudzu ndikuikira mazira 10-12 pamenepo.
Amagwiritsa ntchito makulitsidwe modabwitsa. Pakatha milungu itatu, anapiye amabadwa. Kwa maola 24 ana amakhala mchisa, pambuyo pake amawasiya ndi makolo awo, kuti asadzabwererenso. Kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe pa moyo wawo, anapiye azolowera kudziyimira pawokha ndipo amachita bwino.
Crake ndi mbalame zosamala kwambiri komanso zobisa. Amapewa anthu. Koma chaka chilichonse pamakhala ochepa komanso ocheperako. Izi zikuchitika makamaka chifukwa choti malo omwe amakonda kwambiri nawonso akutha pang'onopang'ono.
