Pali mbalame yayikulu kwambiri m'banja la mphamba. Mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 135. Malingana ndi mawonekedwe ake akunja, imafanana ndi mphamba wa peregrine, mchira wake wokha ndiwutali.
Izi zimatchedwa mbalame gyrfalcon. Kuyambira zaka za zana la 12 mawu awa adapezeka mu "Lay of Igor's Host". Pakadali pano, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kumadera aku Europe ku Russia. Ayenera kuti amafanana ndi mawu achi Hungary akuti "kerecheto", "kerechen" ndipo amakumbukiridwa kuyambira nthawi yomwe Pramagyars adakhalapo mdera la Ugra.
Oimira akulu kwambiri mkalasi ali ndi kulemera kofananira. Mkazi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala wamkulu kuposa wamwamuna, amalemera pafupifupi 1.5 kg, ndipo wamwamuna 1 kg. Kuyang'ana chithunzi cha mbalame ya gyrfalcon, Titha kunena kuti ali ndi nthenga zabwino kwambiri, zomwe sizingatheke kumvera. Tikayang'ana Kufotokozera kwa mbalame ya gyrfalcon, Mtundu wake umayang'aniridwa ndimayendedwe owala, kuphatikiza nthawi zamdima.
Mwachitsanzo, pali gyrfalcon yaimvi yakuda ndi nthenga zoyera zokhala ndimdima pamimba pake. Gawo la milomo ya mbalameyi nthawi zambiri limatsagana ndi mzere wamdima wosaoneka. Ma Gyrfalcons amakonda kukhala polymorphism; mbalame zonse zimakhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamitundumitundu.
Palinso anthu akuda ogonana. Ali ndi dzino pazosavomerezeka, mawonekedwe amphamba onse. Mapazi a gyrfalcon ndi achikaso. Utali wonse wa mbalameyi ndi masentimita 55-60. Malamulo awo ndi akulu, okhala ndi mapiko aatali ndi mchira. Mawu awo ali ndi mawu owopsa.
Pachithunzicho ndi gyrfalcon yakuda
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala gyrfalcon
Mbalameyi imakonda madera ozizira. Sichachabe kuti amatchedwanso mbalame ya gyrfalcon yamtunda. Madera ozizira kozizira kwambiri ku North America, Asia ndi Europe ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri ma gyrfalcons. Altai, Tien Shan, Greenland ndi Commander Islands ali ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame zokongolazi.
Kudzisunga gyrfalcon mbalame yodya nyama amakonda madera akumwera. Koma palinso mbalame zongokhala pakati pawo. Amakhala makamaka ku Greenland, Lapland ndi Taimyr. Kumeneko amakhala m'nkhalango, komanso m'lamba la nkhalango. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso kusuntha kowongoka.
Mwachitsanzo, gyrfalcon yaku Central Asia imatsikira m'chigwa cha Alpine. Mbalamezi ndizofala ku Far East ku Russian Federation. Amasankha kum'mwera kwa dera la Magadan ndi madera akumpoto a Kamchatka kuti apange mazira, ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo amabwerera. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu amatcha gyrfalcon mwiniwake wa tsekwe.
Mapiko a gyrfalcon ndi pafupifupi 135 cm.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mbalame ya gyrfalcon
Mbalame zazikuluzikuluzi ndi zaulesi. Sazivutitsa ndi nyumba zawo ndipo samakonda kuvutikira ndimalingaliro akumanga nyumba. Nthawi zambiri zisa za akhwangwala, mphungu zagolide ndi ziwombankhanga zimakhala malo abwino kwa iwo. Mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chisa choposa chimodzi, chifukwa chake aliyense amakhala wosangalala ndipo mikangano siyimayambira.
Chofunikira posankha malo okhala ndi ma gyrfalcons ndichinsinsi chake komanso kusakhala kwina kulikonse. Atadutsa gawo losaiwalika la chaka chimodzi, mbalamezi zimayamba ntchito yawo pofunafuna anzawo, kenako zimathandizana naye.
Pachithunzicho, chisa cha gyrfalcon ndi anapiye
Zingwe zamiyala kapena malo osaya ndi malo abwino kwambiri opangira ma gyrfalcons. Nyumba yawo siyabwino komanso yosavuta. Chimawoneka chodekha, ndi moss pansi, nthenga kapena udzu wouma.
Chifukwa chakuti mbalame yomweyi ndi yayikulu ndipo zisa zake zimakhala zazikulu. Kukula kwake kwa chisa cha Gyrfalcon ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mita 0.5. Pakhala pali zochitika pomwe mibadwo ingapo ya mbalameyi imakhala m'misasa yotere. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi za gyrfalcon.
Kuyambira kale, ma gyrfalcons amawerengedwa kuti ndi othandizira othandiza pakusaka. Sizinali zaluso, koma monga mwambo wapamwamba, ngati mipira ndi mapwando. Kukhala ndi gyrfalcon kumawerengedwa kuti ndichabwino komanso kodabwitsa kwa ambiri.
Gyrfalcon imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira kusaka
Ndi thandizo lake, mwiniwakeyo adayesetsa kuti azisiyana ndi ena. White gyrfalcon nthawi zonse imapatsidwa mwayi wapadera. Kuti apeze chilankhulo chofala pazokambirana komanso kuti agwirizane, gyrfalcon idabweretsedwa ngati mphatso.
Ndipo panthawi ya ulamuliro wa mafumu ku Russia panali ngakhale positi - falconer. Malo omwe mbalamezi zinkasungidwa amatchedwa krechatny. Masiku ano kusaka kwamtunduwu kwatsitsimutsidwa, koma kumawoneka mwamasewera. Ambiri amati chifukwa cha kusaka kotere, mzimu wachikulire umabwerera, tanthauzo lenileni la munthu waku Russia limadzutsa.
Chithunzi ndi kufotokozera za gyrfalcon ya mbalameyi amasonyeza mphamvu zake zonse ndi mphamvu. Simungazitenge mopepuka. Kupatula apo, ndiye umunthu wamakhalidwe abwino ambiri omwe ayenera kupezeka mwa munthu aliyense wodzilemekeza.
Chakudya
Zakudya za Gyrfalcon zimaphatikizapo mbalame zina ndi nyama zina. Njira yawo yosakira ndiyofanana ndi ya mphamba zonse. Amawona nyama yawo kuchokera kutalika, amagwa mwachangu ndikumamatira ndi zikhadabo zawo zamphamvu. Amapha nyama yawo nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha izi amaluma mutu ndi milomo yawo ndikuthyola khosi. Amagwira mbalame mlengalenga. Ngati ali mumlengalenga sangathe kulimbana nawo, amira pansi ndikubweretsa ntchito yomwe idayamba mpaka kumapeto.
Koposa zonse, ma gyrfalcons amakonda mapeleti, mbalame zam'madzi, mbalame zamphongo ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimadya nthenga. Voles, hares, agologolo agalu nawonso amawonongedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi ma gyrfalcons akangowonekera m'maso mwawo. Pali nthawi zina pamene mbalamezi sizinyoza zakufa. Izi ndizochepa, koma zimachitika.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mbalame ya gyrfalcon
Ma Gyrfalcons amapezeka kuti ali pabanja kamodzi kwanthawi yayitali. Akazi samavutikira kumanga chisa chachikulu. Kuti muchite izi, mwala wopanda miyala umasankhidwa, ndipo padzakhala chisa kale pa udzu, moss ndi nthenga.
Nthawi zina, monga tanenera kale, ma gyrfalcons amagwiritsa ntchito zisa za anthu ena pogona. Amatha kukhala m'chisa chimodzi kwa zaka zingapo. Munthawi imeneyi, imakhala yolimba komanso imakula pang'ono. M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, gyrfalcon amatha kubereka.
Pakati pa nthawi yokwanira, amatha kuikira mazira 1 mpaka 5. Sizikulu kuposa bokosi lamachesi ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 60. Ndi mkazi yekhayo amene amakasira mazira. Yaimuna panthawiyi imamusamalira. Patatha miyezi iwiri anapiye achoka pachisa cha makolo, ndipo pakadutsa zinayi amakhala odziyimira pawokha.
Pachithunzicho anapiye a Gyrfalcon ali pachisa
Gyrfalcon amakhala mwachilengedwe pafupifupi zaka 20. Gulani mbalame ya Gyrfalcon sizophweka. Pakadali pano, ndizosowa kwambiri komanso chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Kugulitsa ndi kugula kwake kumawerengedwa kuti ndi mlandu waboma ndipo kulangidwa pamilandu yonse yalamulo. Mtengo wa mbalame ya merlin imayamba kuchokera ku 500 madola zikwi.
