Mink, mfumukazi ya nyama zaubweya
Chifukwa cha ubweya wake wokongola komanso wamtengo wapatali, mink amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi "mfumukazi" weniweni pakati pa nyama zobala ubweya. Mzimu wamakono wasandulika nyama zowuma zomwe sizimangokhalira kukongola kokha, komanso ndimasewera osangalatsa.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala mink
Mink ndi woimira banja la a marten, nyama zodya nyama. Nyamayo ndi yaying'ono, mpaka 50 cm kutalika, yayitali mthupi, yopindika. Kutalika kwa mchira wawung'ono sikupitilira 15-18 cm, mphukira ndi yopapatiza, yokhala ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono, pafupifupi osawoneka mu malaya akuda.
Maso ali ngati mikanda yakuda, yosangalatsa kwambiri komanso yowonekera. Miyendo ndi yaifupi, yokutidwa ndi ubweya, zala zakuthupi zili ndi zotupa, makamaka zokulirapo kumiyendo yakumbuyo.
Mukuyenda kwa mink, kubweza kumagwidwa. Kulemera kwa munthu kuchokera 1.5 mpaka 3 kg, amuna nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa akazi. Achibale apafupi kwambiri m'banja la weasel ndi ferrets, weasel, ndi ermine.
Chovala chokhala ndi ubweya waufupi, wosalala, wandiweyani komanso wotetezedwa kwakuti pakakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, tsitsi la mink silinyowa. Kusintha kwa nyengo sikukhudza mawonekedwe abweya. Mtunduwo umakhala wa monochromatic makamaka, kuchokera kufiyira mpaka bulauni yakuda, pafupifupi wakuda. Pamimba, mawu ndi opepuka, ndipo pamapazi ndi mchira - mitundu yayitali kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala malo owala pansi pa mlomo, nthawi zina amapezeka pachifuwa cha nyama kapena pamimba. Pakadali pano, minks zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zaubweya zidapangidwa: buluu, zoyera, lilac - mitundu yopitilira 60 yonse.
Nyama imasambira bwino, chifukwa chake imakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi: pafupi ndi mitsinje, nyanja, ngalande. Kodi mink imawoneka bwanji, imatha kuwonedwa ndi madzi: nyama zachilendo dexterity, kusinthasintha thupi, see, liwiro ndi chibadidwe. Amasankha malo oti akhazikike pafupi ndi mitengo yomwe yagwa, ma snag otumphukira kumtunda ndi mizu yolumikizana.
Kufotokozera kwa mink yanyama m'chilengedwe, imakhudza mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya nyama: Europe ndi America. Mitundu yonse imayandikana kwambiri. Mitundu yaku America yolimidwa ndi ubweya amakhulupirira kuti yasintha kuchokera ku Europe, yayikulu pang'ono kuposa kale nyama. Mtengo wa Mink American apamwamba kwa ubweya wolimba.
Mitundu ya mink yaku Europe imachokera ku Finland mpaka kumapiri a Ural. Kum'mwera, malire a magawidwe amadziwika ndi mapiri a Caucasus komanso zigawo zakumpoto kwa Spain. Kuwoneka kosowa kwa nyamayo kunawoneka ku France, komwe kumawonetsera kuyenda kwake kumadzulo.
Mwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mink kwachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kusaka malonda chifukwa cha ubweya wofunda komanso wokongola. Chiwerengero cha anthu chimasungidwa m'malo akumidzi, chinyama chidalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo chimatetezedwa ndi malamulo m'maiko onse.
Mink ndi nyama sibilant, kupereka mitundu yambiri yamalingaliro:
- mwamphamvu komanso mwachidule - chiwonetsero cha mkwiyo ndi mantha;
- wodekha komanso wobisalira - kuyimba nthawi yovuta;
- mwakachetechete komanso modekha - kulumikizana ndi ana.
Eni ake a mink zoweta amamvetsetsa chilankhulo chawo ndipo amayesetsa kuti kulumikizana kuzikhala kosavuta komanso kwachinsinsi. Nyama zimakhala ndi mtima wofooka. Mantha amatha kuwononga nyama, ngakhale imadziwanso momwe ingadzitetezere.
Amatenga mink mmanja mwawo mu magolovesi apadera omwe amateteza manja awo kuti asalumidwe. Zinyama zili ndi chida chimodzi chimodzi: monga skunk yotchuka, imatha kupopera madzi onunkhira omwe amawopseza adani. Mink ngati chiweto sakonda kutetezera anthu otere.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Chikhalidwe cha mink ndichachisangalalo komanso chosavuta. Amakhala moyo wosungulumwa. Chilengedwe sichinapatse nyamayo mwayi wothamanga mwachangu, kukwera, koma imasambira ndikumira bwino kwambiri. Kupalasa kumapitabe patsogolo ndi miyendo yonse ndi ma jerks. Amatha kuyenda pansi. Kuopa kwamphamvu kokha kukakamiza nyamayo kukwera nthambi kapena tchire.
Amakonda malo obisika, odekha komanso osasunthika, amakhala m'mphepete mwa malo osungira madzi oyera odzaza ndi bango, amasankha nyanja zam'madzi ndi mitsinje yaying'ono.
Zisa zimamangidwa pankhokwe zotumphukira, pomwe pali madzi, kuti pachiwopsezo choyamba azibisala mwakuya. Amawonekera pambuyo pa 15-20 mita kuti ayang'ane pozungulira ndikupeza mpweya wanu, kenako amabisala pazomera.
Ntchitoyi imadziwonetsera ndi mdima, ngakhale nthawi zina imasaka masana pamalo a mahekitala 12 mpaka 25. Amayang'ana chakudya pamtunda, pafupifupi theka la kilomita patsiku pamalo ake osaka.
Njirazo zimabwerezedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, malowa amadziwika ndi zonunkhira. Pofika nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusuntha maulendo 3-4 kuti muwone ma polynyas osungidwa.
Amayesetsa kuti asawonekere m'chipale chofewa, amayenda ngalande komanso pansi pamadzi. Minks alibe tulo, koma masiku achisanu nyama imatha kubisala mdzenje ndikugona kwakanthawi, kudikirira masiku ovuta.
Nyumba za mink zimakumbidwa m'zipinda zokhala ndi udzu wouma, nthenga, ndi moss, zotuluka m'njira ziwiri mosiyanasiyana. Wina kumadzi, wina kuzomera wandiweyani. Malo apadera amasungidwa ndi chimbudzi.
Maenje akale a makoswe am'madzi, ma muskrats, ming'alu yachilengedwe ndi ziwonetsero zitha kukhalanso ndi mink yokhazikika. Nyama imapewa anthu, koma chidwi ndi chidwi chokomera masewera ndizolimba kuposa mantha. Chifukwa chake, zisa za nkhuku nthawi zambiri zimaukiridwa ndi minks za agile.
Chakudya
Momwe mink - zakutchire nyama, wokhala semi-m'madzi, chakudya makamaka tichipeza nsomba zosiyanasiyana, nkhanu, nkhono, molluscs, makoswe madzi, njoka, achule. Nyama imasaka nyama zakutchire ndi mbalame, sizinyoza tizilombo.
Pafupi ndi midzi, nkhuku zoweta ndi abakha nthawi zambiri zimasowa chifukwa cha minks. Amakonda kudya nyama yatsopano, kokha munthawi ya njala mpaka masiku 3-4 pomwe amatha kusinthana ndi nyama yovunda kapena kutola zinyalala zakuyatsa.
Pakufika nyengo yozizira, mink imapangitsa kuti azisunga chakudya chokhala ngati achule olumidwa kapena odulidwa, makoswe ngati mbewa, minn, zopindika, kuwombera, mbalame nthawi zina. Pantry amakonda kukonzanso, amasamalira kutsitsimuka kwa ndalama.
Minks am'nyumba amadyetsedwa makamaka ndi nyama ndi nsomba ndikuphatikiza masamba, tirigu, mkaka, ndi mavitamini. Nthawi iliyonse yachilengedwe, chakudya choyenera chimasankhidwa. M'nyengo yotentha, chifukwa chakukula kwa mphamvu, zomanga thupi ndi mavitamini zimalimbikitsidwa, nthawi yachisanu matalala - zosakaniza zochepa zopatsa thanzi.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nthawi yokwatirana ndi Mink imayamba kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo. Nkhondo ya akazi imawonetseredwa mu ndewu ndi phokoso laphokoso. Mimba ya akazi imakhala mpaka masiku 72, zomwe zimabweretsa ana a 2-7. Mink zazing'ono ndimasewera kwambiri. Amuna samachita nawo zosamalira ana ndipo amakhala mosiyana.
Pakatikati mwa chilimwe, makanda amakula mpaka theka la kukula kwa amayi awo, pofika nthawi yophukira amafikira kukula kwa akulu. Amasintha mkaka wa mayi kupita ku chakudya cha nyama ndipo pamapeto pake amachoka pamtsinje wa makolo.
Minks amakula msinkhu pakadutsa miyezi 10, mpaka zaka zitatu, kubereka kwakukulu kumawonedwa, kenako kumachepa. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo m'chilengedwe imakhala pafupifupi zaka 9-10, koma mu ukapolo, nthawiyo imakula kwambiri mpaka zaka 15-18.
Malo okhala minks m'chilengedwe akucheperachepera. Minks amawongoleredwa ndi anthu, ngakhale samakhala owumitsa kwathunthu. Mulole kuyankha kumawu odziwika bwino ndikukwapulidwa mofatsa.
Pali minda yonse yaubweya komwe mutha kugula mink yanyama zantchito. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yothandizira kuti mitundu yazinyama zakuthengo iziyang'aniridwa.
