Mwezi Ndi mbalame yakumpoto yomwe ndi mbalame zam'madzi. Dongosolo la mbalamezi limangokhala ndi mitundu isanu yokha. Amakula kukula kwa bakha woweta, pali anthu payekha komanso okulirapo. M'mbuyomu, ubweya wa a loon anali kugwiritsira ntchito zipewa za azimayi.
Nthenga zawo ndizofewa kwambiri ndipo ndizosangalatsa kukhudza. Kunja, mbalameyi imawoneka yokongola komanso yanzeru kwambiri. Mikwingwirima ngakhale yamapiko asiliva ndiyo kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nyamayi ndi mbalame zina. Nyama zazikulu zimakula mpaka masentimita 70, ndipo kulemera kwakukulu kwa mbalame ndi makilogalamu 6. Mitundu yonse ya malupu ndi osambira abwino kwambiri. Mbalamezi sizingathe kuyenda pamtunda, koma zimakwawa. Ma loon amatha kupanga mitundu iwiri ya mawu:
- Lirani
- Kufuula
Mverani mawu a nyamayi
Kufuula kumaperekedwa mukamayesera kudziwitsa banja lanu za kuthawa. Kukuwa modekha akhoza kumveka kawirikawiri, chifukwa palibe amene amawaukira. Koma phokoso ili lili ndi chisangalalo chake. Amakhala makamaka m'madzi ozizira. Mafuta osanjikiza amawapulumutsa ku hypothermia.
Amayamba kuthyola nthawi yophukira, ndipo nthawi yozizira amakhala okutidwa ndi ubweya wofunda. Nthawi yomweyo, mbalame zimataya nthenga zawo, motero zimatha kuuluka pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Kuuluka kwa anyaniwa kungaoneke ngati kulibe. Palibe mawonekedwe otsimikizika komanso mtsogoleri. Mbalame nthawi zonse zimakhala kutali.
Malo okhalamo komanso moyo wawo
Nyama zambiri zimakhala m'malo ozizira. Malo okhala ndi Eurasia ndi North America. Amakhala moyo wawo wonse m'madzi. Akasungira dziwe, mbalame zimakakamizika kuwuluka kupita kumalo ena.
Bakha wachinyamata Amakonda matupi akulu komanso ozizira. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi nyanja ndi nyanja. Moyo wam'madzi wamtunduwu umathandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a thupi la mbalameyi, ndiyosunthika komanso yosalala pang'ono. Kukhalapo kwa nembanemba kumalola mbalameyi kusambira ngakhalenso kusambira momasuka. Nthenga zokhathamira zimapulumutsa nyamayi kuti zisamaundane m'madzi ozizira.
Ng'ombe zimatha kuwonedwa m'malo amtchire kapena nkhalango. Amatha kukhala kumapiri. Amakhala moyo wawo wonse kutali ndi madzi. Nthawi zambiri amabisala pa Nyanja Yakuda, Baltic kapena White Sea, komanso pagombe la Pacific Ocean. Mbalameyi ndi yokongola, imakonda malo oyera.
Ma loon ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala nthawi yayitali panjira. Kuuluka malo ndi malo, zimapeza chakudya chawo chokha ndipo zimaswana anapiye. Nthawi zonse amakonda madzi oyera komanso magombe amiyala.
Nthawi zambiri anyani amakhala amodzi. Amayanjana moyo wawo wonse. Zimauluka kuchokera kumalo ndi malo ndipo zimatulutsa anapiye pamodzi. Mbalame zimatuluka m'madzi mosavuta. Zimauluka mokwera, koma makamaka molunjika. Mbalameyi siimasinthasintha mwamphamvu. Ngati azindikira zoopsa, nthawi yomweyo amalowerera m'madzi.
Amatha kuyenda pansi pamadzi mpaka mita 20 ndikukhala m'madzi kwa mphindi ziwiri. Ndege zikawuluka, zimangotera pamadzi. Pofuna kutera panthaka youma, mbalame zimathyola miyendo kapena kuphwanya.
Mitundu ya Loon
Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa anyani ochepa okha ndi mitundu isanu, yomwe ndi:
- Nyanja yaku Arctic kapena mlomo wakuda;
- Mtsinje wakuda wakuda;
- Mphuno yofiira;
- Mbalame yoyera yoyera;
- Khola loyera loyera.
Chikhalidwe cha mbalame zonsezi ndi chimodzimodzi. M'malo mwake, amasiyana maonekedwe okha. Zonsezi zimalira momvetsa chisoni kwambiri zomwe sizingasokonezeke ndi mamvekedwe ochokera ku mbalame zina. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi mdima wakuda (wakuda pakhosi).
Kujambula ndi kanyama kakang'ono kooneka pakhosi lakuda
Nyama yamphongo yofiira imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwake. Ali ndi luzi la pinki pakhosi pake lomwe limawoneka ngati kolala kutali. Mbalameyi ndiyosowa kwambiri.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a loon
Nyama zambiri zimakhala m'gulu lankhosa. Nthawi zonse amakhala pamatumba amadzi ozizira ndikukhala momwemo mpaka amaziziritsa kwathunthu. Mimbulu ndi mbalame zosamala kwambiri. Iwo sagwirizana ndi anthu. Zimakhala zovuta kusintha mbalameyi kukhala yoweta. Chifukwa chake, palibe zitsanzo zamafamu pomwe ma loon amasungidwa. Nthawi zina amasakidwa (black loon). Ena mwa banja ili adatchulidwa mu Red Book.
Tiyenera kunena kuti anyani ndi mbalame zokhalitsa. Monga lamulo, ngakhale posaka dziwe, amapita kumalo omwewo. Mbalame zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 20. M'mbuyomu, mbalame zimasakidwa chifukwa cha ubweya wawo ndi zikopa, koma posakhalitsa kuchuluka kwawo kunachepa kwambiri ndipo kusaka kunaletsedwa. Nyama zouluka zimauluka mkulu. Amakwera kumwamba kokha kuchokera m'madzi. Kuluka pazala kumakonzedwa kotero kuti ndizovuta kuti akwere pamtunda.
Pachithunzicho muli tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tofiira
Kudya ndi kuswana modekha
Chakudya chachikulu cha loon ndi nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe mbalameyi imagwira ikamamira. M'malo mwake, imatha kudya chilichonse cholemera munyanja kapena munyanja. Izi zitha kukhala ma molluscs, tizinyama tating'onoting'ono, nyongolotsi, ngakhale tizilombo.
Kukhoza kuberekanso mu loon kumabwera mochedwa - kale mchaka chachitatu cha moyo. Zisa zimamangidwa ndi maanja pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, nthawi zambiri m'mbali mwa nyanja, ngati pali zomera zambiri mozungulira. Kuyambira pachisa mpaka kumadzi, chachikazi ndi chachimuna chimapanga ngalande, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti zizilowa m'madzi mwachangu, ndikudya ndikubwerera kuchisacho.
Nthawi zambiri wamkazi amaikira mazira awiri, kawirikawiri pomwe pamakhala mazira 3. Mazirawo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mtundu. Mazira amaikidwa koposa tsiku limodzi, nthawi zambiri kwakanthawi pafupifupi sabata. Yaikazi ndi yaimuna imasanganitsa mazira limodzi. M'modzi mwa makolo nthawi zonse amakhala pachisa. Nthawi yokwanira imakhala pafupifupi masiku 30.
Kanyamaka kameneka kamakhala ndi mlomo wokulira kwambiri
Ngati mbalame iwona kuti ili pangozi, ndiye kuti ikutsikira mwakachetechete pansi pa ngalande ija m'madzi ndikuyamba kulira mokweza ndikumenya mapiko ake pamadzi, kukopa chidwi. Anapiye amaswa ndi ubweya wakuda. Amatha kumira ndi kusambira bwino nthawi yomweyo. Makolo amawadyetsa m'masabata oyamba. Tizilombo ndi mphutsi zimapanga chakudya chawo. Pakatha milungu ingapo, anapiyewo amayamba kudya okha. Amatha kuwuluka atakwanitsa miyezi iwiri.
Zosangalatsa za ma loon
1. Ma loon akuda pakhosi ndi yoyera adalembedwa mu Red Book.
2. Kulira komwe mbalame imatulutsa kuli ngati kulira kwa nyama yoopsa.
3. Mbalamezi zimasakidwa chifukwa cha ubweya wake komanso khungu lawo.
4. Nyama yamphongo siitchuka pakati pa alenje.
5. Palibe minda komwe kuli anyani.
6. Ma loon amapanga mawiri amoyo wautali, pokhapokha mnzake atamwalira, mbalameyo imafuna ina.
7. Nthawi zambiri kulira kumachitika ndi kwamphongo, kokha m'nyengo yokwatira ndi pomwe mkazi amatha kupanga phokoso lalikulu.
