Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala tupaya
Tupaya (tupia) ndi nyama yaying'ono kwambiri. Ali ndi thupi pafupifupi 20 cm; mchira waukulu kuyambira 14 mpaka 20 cm; oimira lalikulu, kulemera kwake nthawi zina kumafika magalamu 330.
Nyama yoyenda ili ndi ubweya wokulirapo, makamaka wamatani ofiira ndi ofiira, okhala ndi bere lalanje ndi mzere wopepuka pamapewa. Tupayi ali ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono am'maso ndi maso omwe amayang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana; zala ziwiri zala zazing'ono, kutsogolo kwake kuli kotalikirapo kuposa kunkhondoko, komwe kumathera ndi zikhadabo zochititsa chidwi komanso zakuthwa. Kutalika kwa thupi tupayamonga tawonera chithunzi, amafanana ndi gologolo, yemwe amawonekeranso ngati ndi mphuno yosongoka komanso mchira waubweya.
Tupaya – nyama, yemwe dzina lake limachokera ku mawu achi Malay "tupei". Munthu wachilengedwe amakhala ndi ubale wakutali ndi ma lemurs ndi anyani, koma asayansi amadziwika kuti ndi odziyimira pawokha gulu tupayi (Scandentia), yomwe imagawidwa m'magulu, mitundu ndi subspecies. Ngakhale pali kusiyanasiyana, anthu onse amafanana m'mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena.
Tupaya wamba Imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 145, imakhala ndi kutalika kwa 19.5 cm, ndi mchira ndi masentimita 16.5. Nyamazi zimakhala zochepa, makamaka ku Asia, makamaka kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwake: ku Indonesia, kumwera kwa China, pachilumba cha Hainan , ku Philippines, ku Malacca Peninsula ndi madera ena oyandikana ndi zilumba ndi mayiko awa.
Big tupaya, yomwe imapezeka ku Malay Archipelago, m'chigawo cha Sumatra ndi Borneo, ili ndi thupi lokhalitsa pafupifupi ma decimeter awiri ndi mchira wofanana. Mutu umatha ndikunyoza, maso ndi akulu, makutu ndi ozungulira. Big tupaya ili ndi bulauni yakuda, pafupifupi mtundu wakuda.
Chimalaya tupaya Amalemera magalamu 100-160, ali ndi thupi laling'ono, maso akuda komanso mawonekedwe ofooka a thupi, mchira pafupifupi 14 cm. Indian tupaya imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 160, mtundu wa ubweyawo umakhala wachikasu mpaka kufiira, nthawi zambiri wokhala ndi zoyera. Thupi lakumtunda limakhala lakuda kuposa lakumunsi.
Pachithunzichi Malay tupaya
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Nyamazi zamera bwino ndikufalikira m'malo otentha okhala ndi zomera. Amakhala mumitengo m'nkhalango, nthawi zina m'mapiri otsika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu ndi minda yachonde, pomwe amakopeka ndi chakudya chochuluka chomwe chimawakopa.
Kufanana kwakunja ndi mapuloteni kumafikira pamachitidwe a nyama. Masana amasankhidwa kuti achite. Amakonda kukwera mitengo ndikumanga malo okhala m'mapanga ndi mizu yawo, malo ena obisika komanso timatabwa ta nsungwi.
Nyamazo zimakhala ndi kumva komanso kuona bwino kwambiri. Lumikizanani pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikilo za thupi monga kuyenda mchira; ma siginolo ndi kununkhira, kusiya zilembo zapadera mothandizidwa ndi zonunkhiritsa zamankhwala anyama pachifuwa ndi pamimba.
Kuchuluka kwa anthu kumafikira anthu 2 mpaka 12 pa hekitala. Amatha kukhala okha kapena kulumikizana m'magulu am'banja. Kukula, akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makolo awo, pomwe amuna amachoka kupita kwina.
Izi zimachitika kuti tupaya imayamba mikangano wina ndi mnzake, kumenya ndewu zowopsa zomwe zimaphetsa pomenyera gawo kapena akazi. Anthu osiyana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha nthawi zambiri samasonyezana nkhanza.
Kawirikawiri tupai amafa, ndikukhala adani awo: mbalame zolusa ndi njoka zapoizoni, mwachitsanzo, kachisi wa keffiyeh. Harza ndiyowopsa kwa iwo - nyama yolanda, marten wachikasu. Kwa alenje, sizosangalatsa, chifukwa nyama yawo siyodyedwa kwambiri, ndipo ubweya wawo siwofunika.
Chakudya
Nyama sizili pamgulu la nyama zodya nyama ndipo nthawi zambiri zimadya chakudya chomera ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapanga chakudya chawo chachikulu cha tsiku ndi tsiku komanso chomwe amakonda. Koma zimachitika kuti amadya nyama zazing'ono zochepa.
Zipatso ndizopatsa chidwi kwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri, khazikika m'minda, amatha kuwononga mbewuzo pakudya zipatso zomwe zakula. Zimachitika kuti amabera m'nyumba za anthu, kuba chakudya m'nyumba za anthu, kukwera m'mawindo ndi ming'alu. Nyama zimadyetsana zokha. Akakhuta, amanyamula chakudya ndi zikoko zakutsogolo, atakhala pa miyendo yawo yakumbuyo.
Ana obadwa kumene amadyetsedwa ndi aakazi ndi mkaka wake womwe uli ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Pakudyetsa kamodzi, makanda amatha kuyamwa magalamu 5 mpaka 15 a mkaka wa m'mawere.
Chisa cha ana amtsogolo chimamangidwa ndi abambo. Udindo wa amayi pakuleredwa umangolekezera pakudya kokha, komwe kumachitika nthawi ndi mphindi 10-15.
Ponseponse, mayi tupaya amatha maola 1.5 ndi ana awo atabereka anawo. Zazikazi zimadyetsa ana awo ndi mawere awiri kapena asanu ndi limodzi.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kwenikweni, a tupai amakhala okhaokha, ndipo amapanga banja. Mitala ya mitala nthawi zambiri imadziwika ndi anthu okhala ku Singapore, komwe amuna akulu, azimayi angapo, amateteza mwansanje ufulu wawo pomenya nkhondo ndi amuna ena.
Zoterezi ndizofanananso ndi moyo wa nyama ukapolo. Oimira amuna ndi akazi amtunduwu wamtunduwu samasiyana kwenikweni. Nyama zimaswana nyengo zonse, koma zochitika zapadera zimachitika kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Juni. Kuzungulira kwachikazi pakati pa akazi kumatenga kuyambira sabata limodzi mpaka 5.5, ndipo nthawi yoleza imakhala pafupifupi milungu 6-7.
Kawirikawiri zinyalala imodzi mpaka anthu atatu ang'onoang'ono omwe amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 10 amapezeka. Amabadwa akhungu komanso opanda thandizo, ndipo amatsegula maso awo mozungulira tsiku la makumi awiri. Ndipo pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi amakhala odziyimira pawokha mwakuti amasiya banja la makolo awo.
Ali ndi miyezi itatu, m'badwo wachinyamatayo umakula msinkhu, ndipo patatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi, nyamazo zimakhala zitatha kubereka. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi bere komanso kukhwima kwa ana kumathandizira kubereketsa komanso kufalikira kwanyama.
Tupai samawonetsa kukoma mtima kwapadera kwa ana, ndipo amatha kusiyanitsa okha ndi ana ena mwa kununkhiza, ndikusiya zilembo zonunkhira. Pambuyo masiku 36, anawo amasamukira ku chisa cha makolo awo, ndipo pambuyo pake amayamba kukhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha.
Kutalika kwa nyama zakutchire sikutalika kwenikweni ndipo sikuposa zaka zitatu. M'mikhalidwe yabwino mu ukapolo komanso moyo wokhutiritsa kumalo osungira nyama, amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Nkhani yakukhalitsa yalembedwanso, nthawi zina anthu tupai khalani mpaka zaka khumi ndi ziwiri.
