Mahatchi amtchire ali ndi mitundu yambiri, imodzi mwazomwe zili mbidzi... Hatchi yamizere yochititsa chidwi imawoneka ngati nthano kapena ngwazi yamakatuni kuposa wokhalamo weniweni m'chipululu. Kodi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera iyi idachokera kuti?
Asayansi ambiri ayesa kwa nthawi yayitali kuyankha funso looneka ngati losavuta ili. Ena ankakonda kunena kuti, motero, mothandizidwa ndi utoto, mbidzi imabisidwa kuzinyama zomwe zimawopseza moyo wa nyama mphindi iliyonse.
Kwa kanthawi kochepa chabe, mtunduwu udawonedwa kuti ndiwolondola. Koma pambuyo pake, onse mogwirizana adaganiza kuti mikwingwirima ya mbidzi imawopseza ntchentche ya tsetse, yomwe kuluma kwake kuli kowopsa kwambiri. Ntchentche ya tsetse ndi yomwe imanyamula malungo omwe palibe amene angawateteze.
Nyama yamizeremizere imadziwika ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, chifukwa chake timapewa nthawi zambiri. Kuti mumvetsechinyama chani cha mbidzi, mutha kuyendera malo osungira nyama ndikukambirana ndi chinyama. Ali ndi kukula kochepa poyerekeza ndi nzika zina zaku Africa komanso thupi lolimba.
Kutalika, chinyama chimafika mamita 2.5, mchira kutalika kwake ndi 50 cm. Kutalika kwa Zebra ikafota pafupifupi mita 1.5, kulemera mpaka 350 kg. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako 10% kuposa amuna. Chofunikira ndikuti aliyense ali ndi njira yakeyake.
Zili ngati aliyense ali ndi zolemba zake. Pali atatu Mitundu ya mbidzi - okhala m'chipululu, m'chigwa ndi m'mapiri. Izi ndi nyama zosamangidwa bwino.
Mawonekedwe a Zebra ndi malo okhala
Dera lonse lakumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa ndi komwe kumakhala mbidzi. Kukula kwa Kum'mawa ndi Kummwera kwa Africa kwadzisankhira mbidzi. Mbidzi zam'mapiri zimakonda gawo la South-West Africa.
Pachithunzicho, mbidzi yosalala
Mbidzi za m'chipululu zimakhala ku Kenya ndi ku Ethiopia. Kudyetsa kumatha kusiyanasiyana chifukwa cha nyengo. M'masiku ouma, mbidzi zimasamukira kumadera achinyezi kwambiri. Nthawi zina amatha kuyenda ma 1000 km. Mbidzi zimakhala moyo m'malo omwe muli chakudya chokwanira chokwanira.
Chinyama chokhala ndi miyendo ya mbidzi kulipo. Iyi ndi mira ndi mphalapala, zomwe nthawi zina zimagwirira ntchito limodzi ndikudya limodzi, mu ziweto zonse. Chifukwa chake, ndizosavuta kwa iwo kuzindikira kuwopsa komwe kukuyandikira ndikuthawa.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mbidzi
Mbidzi ndi nyama yochita chidwi kwambiri yomwe nthawi zambiri imavutika chifukwa cha khalidweli. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino, motero amatha kumva zoopsa pasadakhale. Koma mbidziyo imakhala ndi vuto la kusawona, nyamayo imatha kuwona nthawi yolakwika.
Iwo amakhala mu ziweto. Pali ma 5-6 mares pa mwamuna m'mabanja otere. Mutu wabanja nthawi zonse amateteza ana ake onse ndi ana ake. Ngati imodzi mwa ziwetozo ili pangozi, yamphongoyo molimba mtima imalowa pachiwopsezo ndi chilombocho mpaka itagonjetsedwa ndi mbidzi yamphongo ndikubwerera. Pa gulu la ziweto, nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu 50 kapena 60, koma nthawi zina chiwerengerochi chimafika mazana.
Ndi nyama zamtendere komanso zaubwenzi. Amasiyanitsa ndikuzindikira anzawo ndi mawu awo, kununkhira ndi mawonekedwe awo pamizere. Kwa mbidzi, mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera iyi ili ngati pasipoti yokhala ndi chithunzi kwa munthu.
Mdani woopsa kwambiri wa nyama zamizeremizere ndi mkango. Leo sasamala zobvala zawo zamizere. Amawapeza mulimonse chifukwa cha nyama yokoma yomwe amakonda.
Pothamanga, mbidzi, makamaka ikawopsezedwa, imatha kuthamanga kwambiri kwa nyama ya 60-65 km / h, chifukwa chake, kuti idye nyama yake yokoma, mkango uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.
Ziboda ziboda zimakhala ngati chida champhamvu chotetezera. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti amagona atayimirira. Pogona pamakhala m'magulu akulu kuti ateteze ku ziweto zomwe zitha kuwononga nyama. Maguluwa sakhala okhazikika, amasintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Amayi okha omwe ali ndi ana awo amakhalabe osagwirizana.
Maganizo awo amatha kuwonekera m'makutu. Mbidzi ikakhala bata, makutu ake amakhala owongoka, akawopa, amapita kutsogolo, ndipo akakwiya, amabwerera. Pakakhala chiwawa, mbidzi imayamba kulira. Ndipo poona chilombo chapafupi, phokoso lalikulu lakuwomba limachokera kwa iwo.
Mverani mawu a mbidzi
Kuchokera kuzinyama zokoma mtima komanso zosakhazikika, zimatha kukhala zoyipa komanso zamtchire. Mbidzi zimatha kumenya ndi kuluma mdani wawo mopanda chifundo. Ndizosatheka kuwachepetsa. Ndipo palibe ngakhale m'modzi yemwe adatha kukwera. Mbidzi pachithunzichimosakondweretsa munthu. Kukongola kwina kosangalatsa ndi chisomo zabisika munyama yabwinoyi.
Chakudya cha Zebra
Zakudya zonse zamasamba ndizomwe amakonda nyama zakutchire mbidzi... Masamba, zitsamba, nthambi, maudzu osiyanasiyana ndi makungwa amitengo ndizomwe oyimira mtunduwu amakonda.
Nyama zotchedwa Zebra savanna wosusuka kwambiri. Amadya kokha kuchuluka kwa zomera. Ayenera kumwa madzi owuma otere ndi madzi ambiri, chifukwa izi zidzafunika pafupifupi malita 8-10 patsiku.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Palibe nyengo yeniyeni yoberekera nyama izi. Nyama yaying'ono yamphongo imatha kubadwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi yamvula yambiri, pomwe mavuto azakudya samamveka.
Mimba imatenga masiku 345-390. Kwenikweni mwana m'modzi amabadwa kuchokera kwa iye. Imalemera pafupifupi 30 kg. Pasanathe ola limodzi mwana wakhanda atatha kubadwa, mbidziyo imatha kuyenda ndi kuthamanga palokha.
Kuyamwitsa kumatenga nthawi yopitilira chaka kwa mwanayo, ngakhale kuti patatha sabata amayesera kukhathamira yekha udzu. Pa milandu 50%, mbidzi zomwe zimangobadwa kumene zimamwalira chifukwa cha ziweto zolusa monga afisi, ng'ona, mikango.
Ana a akazi amapezeka kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse. Pakatha chaka ndi theka, nyamazo zimakhala zitakhwima kale pogonana ndipo zakonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Koma mkaziyo amakhala wokonzeka kuwoneka mwanayo patadutsa zaka zitatu.
Mphamvu zoberekera zimasungidwa mu mbidzi mpaka zaka 18. Mbidzi zimakhala kuthengo kuyambira zaka 25 mpaka 30. Ali mu ukapolo, moyo wawo umakulirakulira pang'ono, ndipo amakhala zaka 40.
