Nyama yokongolayi idalowa mu Guinness Book of Records chifukwa ili ndi mayina ambiri kuposa nyama zina. Mu Chingerezi chokha, amatha kutchedwa mosiyana maulendo 40.
Izi ndi zacougar, cougar, panther, mkango wamapiri ndi kambuku wofiyira. Nyama yokongolayi ndiyachinsinsi komanso yanzeru, sikuti pachabe kuti cougar ndiye chikhalidwe cha zopeka zambiri ndi nthano zambiri.
"Mphamvu ndi mphamvu", umu ndi momwe mawu oti "puma" amatanthauziridwa. Komabe, kuchepa kwachilengedwe, ngalande zamadambo ndi kusaka, zapangitsa kuti chilombocho chatsala pang'ono kutha ndipo adatchulidwa mu Red Book.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala cougar
Mtundu wa cougar ndiye nyama zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ku America. Mu parameter iyi, ndi lynx wofiira, mphaka wamnkhalango ndi kambuku yekha yemwe angafanane ndi cougar.
Nyama iyi ndi chizindikiro cha Wild West ndipo imakhala kumtunda kuchokera ku Canada mpaka kumwera kwenikweni kwa South America. Zigwa, nkhalango, mapiri, madambo - awa odyetsa okongola amapezeka kulikonse. Kutengera ndi komwe akukhala, mtundu wa chovala cha cougar ndi zakudya zawo zimatha kusiyanasiyana.
Mkango wamapiri (cougar) m'modzi mwa oimira akulu kwambiri m'banja la mphalapala, jaguar yekha ndiye patsogolo pake kukula kwake. Kutalika kwamphongo wamphaka wamtchireyu ndi pafupifupi 100-180 cm, komabe, nyama zina zimafika mamita awiri ndi theka kuchokera kumapeto kwa mphuno mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira. Pakufota, kutalika kwake kumakhala kwa masentimita 60 mpaka 75, mchirawo ndi wautali masentimita 70. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zikopa zachikazi ndizochepera 40% kuposa amuna.
Pafupi ndi equator, nyama zazing'ono kwambiri zodya nyama zimakhala; pafupi ndi mitengoyo, zimakulirakulira. Pa thupi lolimba, lalikulucougar cougar pali mutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono. Komabe, monga oimira nyama zambiri, nyama zimakhala ndi mano amphamvu a 4 cm, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe mungathe kuthana ndi mdani wowopsa komanso nyama.
Miyendo yakumbuyo ya chinyama ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa yakutsogolo. Mapazi akulu komanso otakasuka amakhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa zomwe nyama imatha kubweza ikachita chifuniro chake. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake, cougar imatha kukwera mitengo iliyonse mosuntha, imayenda m'mapiri ndi m'miyala ndikusambira.
Nyamayi imatha kudumpha mpaka 120 cm kutalika, kupitirira mita sikisi; patali pang'ono, liwiro la nyamayo limatha kukhala mpaka 50 km pa ola limodzi. Mchira umathandizira kukhalabe wolimba pamene ukuyenda.
Cougars amagwira ntchito kwambiri usiku komanso m'mawa kwambiri. Mikango ndi ma coug okha ndi omwe ali ndi mtundu wolimba. Anthu omwe ali kumpoto ndi otuwa, okhala m'malo otentha ndi ofiira.
Pansi pa thupi la chinyama ndi chopepuka kuposa chapamwamba, mimba ndi chibwano pafupifupi zoyera, koma mchira ndi wakuda kwambiri. Pali zolemba zakuda pamphuno. Ubweya wa chilombo ndi waufupi, koma wolimba komanso wandiweyani.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa cougar
Cougar imatha kugwira ntchito usana ndi usiku, koma masana nthawi zambiri imakonda kupumula, imayamba kusaka ndi mdima. Puma ndi nyama yodekha, simungathe kuimva kawirikawiri, imafuula mwamphamvu pokhapokha pokhwima.
Nthawi zambiri, nthumwi zazikulu zamafini zimatha kumenya munthu, komabe cougar, m'malo mwake, amayesera kubisala. Chiwopsezo chimachitika pokhapokha ngati nyama ikuwona kuti ili pachiwopsezo ndi moyo wake.
Cougar wamapiri ali ndi chipiriro chachikulu. Ngati agwera mumsampha, amakhala wodekha ndikuyesera kupeza njira yothetsera izi. Ngati sichikupezeka, cougar imatha kugwa pansi osasuntha kwa masiku angapo.
Mwachilengedwe, cougar ilibe adani. Komabe, kumadera akumpoto amayenera kukumana ndi chimbalangondo chofiirira ndi nkhandwe, kumwera ndi jaguar, komanso ku Florida ndi alligator ya Mississippi. Mimbulu ndi nyamazi zimatha kuopseza moyo wa okalamba kapena ocheperako.
Chakudya
Ungulates ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha cougars. Elk, mbawala, caribou ndiye mndandanda waukulu kwambiri wazinyama. Komabe, cougar sichinyansidwa ndi nsomba, akalulu, agologolo, nkhumba zakutchire, nkhuku, nkhuku, mbewa, agulugufe, achule, mphalapala, ziphuphu, ndi zikopa zina. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kudya nkhono kapena tizilombo.
Nyama yoleza mtima imadzibisa yokha ndipo ikagwidwa, wovulalayo samangokhala ndi nthawi yoti athawireko. Ngati nyamayo ili yayikulu, cougar imayandikira mwakachetechete, imalumpha ndikuthyola khosi. Samasewera ndi chakudya, amakonda kuchepa nthawi yomweyo.
Izi zimathandizidwa ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa ndi mano, omwe modekha amang'amba minofu ndikuphwanya mafupa. Cougar amatha kupha nyama yomwe kulemera kwake kuli katatu. Cougar amasaka osati padziko lapansi lokha, komanso munthambi za mitengo.
Pofunafuna wovulalayo, imatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Ngati cougar ikwanitsa kupha nyama yayikulu, ndiye kuti nyamayo imatha kuyidya sabata limodzi. Mpata ukapezeka, cougar imatha kumenyera ziweto, ngakhale amphaka ndi agalu.
Poterepa, nthawi zambiri, pamakhala ozunzidwa ambiri kuposa omwe chilombo chimawafuna. M'chaka, cougar imodzi imadya kuchokera ku 800 mpaka 1200 kg ya nyama, yomwe ili pafupifupi 50 ungulates. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti cougar imangosaka yokha ndipo sidzadya nyama yomwe wopikisana naye adapha.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Cougar - nyama zakutchire. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, zizolowezi za cougar ndizofanana m'njira zambiri ndi mphaka wamba wamba. Kusungulumwa nthawi zonse kumalowa m'malo mwa nyengo yokhwima, yomwe imatha kuyamba nthawi yachisanu ndi masika. Izi ndichifukwa cha mayitanidwe achikazi a estrus komanso mawonekedwe ake.
Monga ulamuliro, makamaka otukuka amuna ndi madera awo ndi malire bwino. Maderawa amadziwika ndi mkodzo, ndowe, ndi zikhadabo pa makungwa a mitengo. Ndi mkati mwamalire amenewa pomwe awiriawiri amapangidwapo.
Nyama zimakwatirana osapitilira mphindi, koma pali njira zisanu ndi zinayi zotero pa ola limodzi. Masewera okwatirana ndi achiwawa kwambiri ndipo amatha milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pake, wamwamuna amasiya wokondedwa wake.
Mimba ya cougar imatenga miyezi yopitilira itatu. Pafupifupi ana 3-4 a mphaka amabadwa. Maso a anawo amatsegulidwa tsiku lakhumi. Mano oyamba amayamba kutuluka ndipo makutu amatseguka. Pakadutsa milungu 6, achinyamata akuyesa kale nyama.
Kukhala limodzi ndi mayi kumatenga zaka ziwiri, pambuyo pake ma cougars achichepere amayamba miyoyo yawo. Monga ma feline ambiri amtunduwu, cougar cougar amakhala zaka 15. M'malo osungira nyama ndi nazale, nthawi iyi yawonjezeka mpaka 20.
Ngakhale kusaka kosatha kwa adani awa, palibe chomwe chimaopseza anthu awo. LeroGulani cougar mutha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, komwe mungapeze zotsatsa zambiri.
