Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mbalame ya kiwi
kiwi Osangokhala yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, yobiriwira wowala, zipatso zokoma, komanso cholengedwa cha nthenga chodabwitsa. Kiwi mbalame - ndizofala ku New Zealand, ndipamene pano mungadziwane bwino ndi mbalame yapadera yomwe ilibe ngakhale mapiko oti izinyamuka.
Sizikudziwika komwe dzina la mbalameyi lidachokera, koma asayansi ena amati idayamba kalekale. A Maori, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi achikhalidwe pachilumba cha New Zealand, amatsanzira kulira kwa mbalame, kulira kwawo, zimamveka ngati "kii-vii-kii-vii." Mwinamwake onomatopoeia awa a anthu achiMaori adapereka dzina la mbalame yapaderayi.
Mverani mawu a mbalame ya kiwi:
Kiwi chachikulu chakuda
Kiwi yaying'ono imvi
Ma Kiwis amayimiridwa ndi mitundu isanu, yayikulu kwambiri yomwe ndi kiwi wamba. Oimira amtunduwu amasiyana makamaka chifukwa chachikazi chimakhala chachikulu kuposa champhongo.
Kutalika kwa mbalameyi kumachokera pa masentimita 20 mpaka 50, ndipo kulemera kwake kumasiyanasiyana m'dera la kilogalamu 2-4. Thupi la mbalameyi limatikumbutsa peyala, pomwe mutu wa mbalameyo ndi wawung'ono kwambiri ndipo umalumikizidwa ndi thupi ndi khosi laling'ono.
Maso a Kiwi ndi ochepa kwambiri, kukula kwake sikupitilira mamilimita 8, omwe sawalola kukhala ndi masomphenya abwino. Komabe, ali ndi malingaliro omveka bwino, omwe amawunikira pang'ono kusowa kwa masomphenya abwino.
Fungo la Kiwi ndilotsogola pakati pa mbalame zonse padziko lapansi. Kumva kwawo kumakhala kotukuka. Chifukwa chake, mbalame imatha kudalira mphamvu ziwiri izi.
Mlomo kiwi mbalame Kutalika, koonda, kosinthasintha komanso kopindika pang'ono. Mwa akazi, nthawi zambiri amakhala masentimita angapo kutalika ndipo amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 12. Malo amphuno a kiwi ndi osiyana ndi nthumwi zina zambiri.
Sapezeka kumapeto kwa mlomo, koma kumapeto kwake. Lilime lawo ndi lachilendo, ndipo ziphuphu, zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ndi kuzindikira, zili pansi pa mlomo wawo wautali.
Mafupa a mbalamezi ali ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndichifukwa chake poyamba ena amati mbalame ya kiwi si mbalame, koma ndi nyama zoyamwitsa. Choyambirira, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mafupa siopumira. Kiwi alibe keel.
Ngakhale amatero kiwi mbalame yopanda mapiko, komabe akadali ochepa, osatukuka, mapiko achikale, omwe kutalika kwake sikuposa masentimita 5, adakalibe. Ngakhale ndimaso, pansi pa nthenga kiwi mapiko osawoneka konse.
Nthengazo zimakhala ngati tsitsi lalitali lomwe limakwirira thupi la mbalameyo, osati nthenga zokha. Nthenga za mchira nthawi zambiri sizipezeka. Nthenga za Kiwi zimakhala ngati tsitsi ndipo zimakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimakumbukira fungo la bowa watsopano. Mbalame imasungunuka chaka chonse, izi ndizofunikira kuti chivundikiro cha nthenga chimasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndikuteteza mbalame ku mvula, ndikuthandizira kutentha kwa thupi.
Chinthu china chosiyana ndi kiwi kuchokera ku mbalame zina ndi vibrissae yomwe ili nayo. Vibrissa ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ndi mbalame ina.
Kiwi nayenso alibe mchira. Ndipo kutentha kwa thupi kwa mbalame zodabwitsazi malinga ndi zizindikiritso kumayandikira kwambiri nyama, chifukwa zimafanana pafupifupi 38 digiri Celsius. Miyendo ya kiwi ndi miyendo inayi, komabe yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yamphamvu. Pa chala chilichonse chamiyendo muli zikhadabo zakuthwa.
Kulemera kwake kwa miyendo ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kulemera konse kwa mbalameyo. Miyendo ndiyopatukana kwambiri, chifukwa chake, ikamathamanga, mbalame za kiwi zimawoneka zovuta komanso zimafanana ndi zoseweretsa zamasewera, motero sizimathamanga kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mbalame ya kiwi
New Zealand imawerengedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira achilengedwe chodabwitsa ichi, ndi pano kiwi mbalame... Chiwerengero cha mbalame chikuchepa, chifukwa chake kiwi adalembedwa mu Red Book ndipo akutetezedwa. Komabe, opha nyama moperewera komanso adani a nyama izi kuthengo salola kuti anthu azikula mwachangu.
Nthawi zambiri, okonda zachilendo amafuna gulani kiwi kuti abwezeretse zopereka zawo zapadera ndi malo osungira nyama. Kudula mitengo ndi kufinya zachepetsa kwambiri malo omwe mbalamezi zimakhala.
Tsopano palibe mbalame zopitilira 5 zomwe zimakhala pa kilomita imodzi nthawi imodzi, ichi ndi chisonyezo chotsika kwambiri cha kuchuluka kwa mbalame m'nkhalango. Kiwi moyo makamaka m'nkhalango zachinyontho za m'nkhalango zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Zala zazitali zakumaso zimakulolani kuyenda panthaka yonyowa, yofewa, yathithithi.
Kiwi amakhala tsikulo m'mabowo okumba kapena kubisala mumizu ya mitengo, nkhalango zowirira zazomera. Ma burrows ndi ma labyrinth osazolowereka omwe amatha kutuluka kangapo, koma kangapo kamodzi.
Pakhoza kukhala malo ambiri otetezera masana, ndipo mbalame imazisintha pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Ngati mbalame imachoka pogona, ndi chifukwa changozi. Nthawi zambiri ma kiwis samawoneka masana, amabisala.
Kiwi ndiusiku, panthawiyi pali kusintha kwakukulu pamakhalidwe awo. Usiku, mbalamezo zimakhala zolimbikira ndipo zimathera nthawi yawo yambiri kusaka chakudya ndikupanga nyumba zogona zatsopano - maenje. Kawirikawiri khalidwe laukali limadziwika ndi mbalame, makamaka zimasambira zamphongo.
Ali okonzeka kumenya nkhondo ndi kuteteza madera awo, makamaka ngati pali zisa zokhala ndi mazira. Nthawi zina nkhondo zenizeni zimachitika pakati pa mbalamezo, nthawi zambiri zimamenyera moyo kapena imfa.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mbalame ya kiwi
About kiwi amanenedwa ngati chitsanzo cha kukhulupirika pakati pa mbalame. Maanja amapangidwira nyengo 2-3, koma nthawi zambiri banja silingagwirizane moyo wawo wonse. Nthawi yawo yokwatirana yayikulu imayamba kuyambira Juni mpaka Marichi. Ndi nthawi imeneyi pomwe masiku okhudza chidwi amachitika.
Amuna ndi akazi amakumana mumtambo pafupifupi kamodzi pamasiku awiri kapena atatu ndikutulutsa mawu. Popeza mbalame za kiwi zimayenda usiku, nyenyezi komanso mdima wosadziwika wausiku ndi umboni kuubwenzi wawo.
Pambuyo pa umuna, mkazi amabala dzira, monga lamulo, limodzi lokha, izi ndi chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Pakati pa nthawi ya bere, mkazi amakhala ndi chilakolako chosanakhalepo, amadya pafupifupi katatu kuposa nthawi zonse.
Koma ikafika nthawi yoti ayike dzira, ndiye kuti kwa masiku atatu wamkazi sangadye chilichonse, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu kwa dzira palokha, lomwe panthawiyi lili mkati mwa mbalameyo.
Zachilendo kiwi dzira imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 450, yomwe ndi kotala la kulemera kwa mbalameyo. Dzira ndi lalikulu, loyera, nthawi zina limakhala ndi ubweya wobiriwira. Pogona komwe mkazi wasankha - dzenje kapena mizu yayikulu yamtengo, wamwamuna amakwiririra dzira. Kwa kanthawi, kuti abambo adye ndikuwonjezera mphamvu, mkazi amalowa m'malo mwake.
Nthawi yokwanira imakhala masiku 75, ndiye kuti pakufunika masiku ena atatu kuti mwana wankhuku atuluke mu chipolopolocho, amachita izi makamaka mothandizidwa ndi zikhomo ndi milomo. Zimakhala zovuta kuitana makolo osamalira mbalame za kiwi, zimawasiya atangobereka anapiye.
Kwa masiku atatu anapiye sangaime ndikuyenda palokha kuti apeze chakudya, koma kupezeka kwa yolk kumawalola kuti asaganize. Kwinakwake patsiku lachisanu, ana achichepere amatuluka mnyumba ndikudyera okha, koma atatha masiku khumi ali moyo, anapiye amasintha ndikuyamba kukhala moyo wabwinobwino, ndikuwona moyo wakusiku.
Chifukwa cha kusadziteteza kwawo komanso kusowa chisamaliro cha makolo, pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya ana amafa m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira. Ndi 10 peresenti yokha yomwe imatha msinkhu, yomwe mwa amuna imafika miyezi 18, koma mwa akazi azaka zitatu. Nthawi yamoyo ya mbalameyi ndi zaka 50-60, panthawiyi wamkazi amaikira mazira pafupifupi 100, ndipo anapiye pafupifupi 10 amakhala ndi moyo.
Zakudya za nkhuku za Kiwi
Ma Kiwis amapita kukadya usiku, kunja kukuda, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mbalame zimakhala ndi vuto losaona. Komabe, izi sizowalepheretsa kupeza chakudya. Amayamba kudya nkhomaliro pafupifupi theka la ola dzuwa litalowa. Amasiya malo obisalapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kununkhiza ndi kukhudza.
Amathamangira pansi ndi miyendo yawo yamphamvu, kenako amalowetsa milomo yawo ndikudzifufuzira. Chifukwa chake, amagwira nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo tomwe timapezeka m'nthaka.
Mbalame za Kiwi zimathanso kudya zipatso ndi zipatso zomwe zimapezeka panjira yawo. Komanso, sataya nkhono ndi nkhanu, zomwe ndizokoma kwenikweni kwa iwo.
