Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a okapi
Nyama ya Okapi, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa artiodactyls dzina lake wopezapo Johnston, amaimira mtundu wake m'njira imodzi. Ngakhale kuti abale ake amalingaliridwa twira, okapi kwambiri ngati kavalo.
Zowonadi, kumbuyo, makamaka miyendo, kumakhala utoto ngati mbidzi. Komabe, silikugwira ntchito pamahatchi. Mosiyana ndi malingaliro achilendo, ndi kangaroo, okapi alibe chilichonse chofanana.
Mu nthawi yake kutsegula okapi - nkhalango yamtchire", Adachita chidwi, ndipo zidachitika m'zaka za zana la 20. Ngakhale zambiri zokhudza iye anali kudziwika kale kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Adasindikizidwa ndi Stanley wapaulendo wodziwika, yemwe adayendera nkhalango ku Congo. Anali, kuyika modekha, kudabwitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a cholengedwa ichi.
Malongosoledwe ake adawoneka ngati oseketsa kwa ambiri. Bwanamkubwa Wamderalo a Johnston adaganiza zowunika zachilendozi. Zowonadi, zomwe zidachitikazo zidakwaniritsidwa - anthu amderali ankadziwa bwino nyamayi, amatchedwa chilankhulo chakomweko "okapi".
Poyamba, mtundu watsopanowu udatchedwa "kavalo wa Johnston", koma atasanthula bwino nyamayo, adayitenga kuti ndi nyama zomwe zidasowa kale padziko lapansi, okapi pafupi ndi akadyamsonga kuposa akavalo.
Nyamayo imakhala ndi malaya ofewa, ofiira, okhala ndi utoto wofiyira. Miyendo ndi yoyera kapena zonona. Tinkampaka utoto wakuda ndi woyera. Amuna amanyadira kuvala nyanga zazifupi, akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda nyanga. Thupi limafikira kutalika mpaka 2 m, mchirawo ndi wautali masentimita 40. Kutalika kwa nyama kumafikira masentimita 1.70. Amuna ndi ofupikirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi.
Kulemera kumatha kuyambira 200 mpaka 300 kg. Mbali yapadera ya okapi ndi lilime - lamtambo komanso mpaka masentimita 30. Ndi lilime lalitali, amanyambita maso ndi makutu, kuwatsuka bwino.
Makutu akulu amamvera kwambiri. Nkhalango siyikuloleza kuti uwone patali, chifukwa chongomva bwino komanso kununkhiza bwino ndi komwe kukupulumutse m'manja mwa adani. Mawuwo ndi okweza, kwambiri ngati chifuwa.
Amuna amakhala m'modzi m'modzi, kukhala osiyana ndi akazi ndi ana. Imagwira makamaka masana, kuyesera kubisala usiku. Mofanana ndi ndira, imadyetsa makamaka masamba amitengo, nkukung'amba ndi lilime lolimba komanso losinthasintha.
Khosi lalifupi sililola kudya nsonga, zokonda zonse zimaperekedwa kumunsi. Menyuyi mulinso fern, zipatso, zitsamba ndi bowa. Amakhala wokonda kudya komanso amangodya zochepa. Kulipira kusowa kwa mchere, nyama imadya makala ndi dothi lachi brack.
Akazi ali ndi malire omveka bwino a umwini, ndipo onetsetsani gawolo ndi mkodzo komanso utomoni wonunkhira, zinthu zonunkhira zochokera m'matope omwe ali pamapazi. Pojambula maderawo, amapukutanso makosi awo pamtengo. Mwa amuna, zolumikizana ndi gawo la amuna ena zimaloledwa.
Koma alendo siofunika, ngakhale akazi ndizosiyana. Okapi amakhala m'modzi m'modzi, koma nthawi zina magulu amapangika kwakanthawi kochepa, zifukwa zopezekera sizikudziwika. Kuyankhulana ndikumveka mwamphamvu komanso kutsokomola.
Malo okhala Okapi
Okapi ndi chilombo chosowa, komanso ochokera kumayiko okapi amakhala kutigawo lokhalo la Congo lidayimiridwa. Okapi amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, zomwe zili zolemera kum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa dzikolo, mwachitsanzo, malo osungira zachilengedwe a Maiko.
Zimapezeka makamaka kumtunda kwa mamita 500 mpaka 1000 m pamwamba pa nyanja, m'mapiri okhala ndi nkhalango zambiri. Koma imapezeka m'zigwa zotseguka, pafupi ndi madzi. Amakonda kukhazikitsa okapi, pomwe pali tchire ndi nkhalango zambiri, momwe zimakhala zobisika.
Chiwerengero chenichenicho sichikudziwika. Nkhondo zanthawi zonse mdzikolo sizimathandizira kuphunzira mozama za zomera ndi zinyama zakomweko. Ziwerengero zoyambirira zikuwonetsa mitu ya okapi 15-18,000 yomwe ikukhala ku Republic of the Congo.
Tsoka ilo, kudula mitengo, komwe kumawononga malo okhala nyama zambiri zakomweko, kumakhudza anthu aku okapi. Chifukwa chake, zidalembedwa kale mu Red Book.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Masika, amuna amayamba kukhothi azimayi, kukonza kuphedwa, makamaka kowonetsa, akukankha makosi awo. Akakhala ndi pakati, mkazi amayenda wapakati kuposa chaka chimodzi - masiku 450. Kubereka kumachitika makamaka nthawi yamvula. Masiku oyamba ali ndi mwana amakhala kwayekha, m'nkhalango. Pa nthawi yobadwa, amalemera makilogalamu 15 mpaka 30.
Kudyetsa kumatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma nthawi zina kumatenga nthawi yayitali - mpaka chaka. Pakulera, mkazi sataya mwana, kumamuyitana ndi mawu. Ngati zoopsa zikubwera pambuyo pake, zimatha kuukira ngakhale munthu.
Pakatha chaka, nyanga zimayamba kuphulika mwa amuna, ndipo pofika zaka zitatu zimakhala zitakula kale. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka ziwiri, amayamba kuganiziridwa kuti ndi okhwima. Okapis amakhala kundende mpaka zaka makumi atatu, mwachilengedwe sichidziwika.
Okapi anawonekera koyamba ku Antwerp Zoo. Koma posakhalitsa adamwalira, atakhala kumeneko, osakhalitsa. Pambuyo pake, ana oyamba kuchokera ku okapi, omwe adapezeka mu ukapolo, nawonso adamwalira. Pofika pakati pa zaka za zana la 20, adaphunzira momwe angamwalire bwino mlengalenga.
Ichi ndi chinyama chodabwitsa kwambiri - sichimalola kutentha kwadzidzidzi, kumafuna chinyezi chokhazikika cha mpweya. Kupanga chakudya kuyeneranso kuyandikira mosamala kwambiri. Kuzindikira kumeneku kumapangitsa ochepa okha kuti apulumuke kumalo osungira nyama aku kumpoto, komwe kumakhala nyengo yozizira. Alipo ocheperako m'magulu azinsinsi.
Koma mzaka zaposachedwa, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika pakuswana kwa ukapolo. Kuphatikiza apo, ana adapezeka - chizindikiro chotsimikizika kwambiri chakusintha kwa nyamayo kukhala yachilendo.
Amayesa kuyika nyama zazing'ono kumalo osungira nyama - amasinthasintha msanga momwe zakhalira. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yomwe yangotengedwa kumene iyenera kukhala yokhazikika pamaganizidwe.
Kumeneko amayesa kuti asamusokonezenso ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, amangomupatsa chakudya chokhazikika. Kuopa anthu, mikhalidwe yosadziwika, chakudya, nyengo ziyenera kudutsa. Kupanda kutero, okapi amatha kufa ndi kupsinjika - sizachilendo. Atazindikira kuti ali pangozi, amayamba kuthamanga mozungulira cell mochita mantha, mtima wake ndi dongosolo lamanjenje sizingalimbane ndi katunduyo.
Akangotsika, amaperekedwa ku zoo kapena menagerie yaboma. Ili ndiye mayeso ovuta kwambiri kwa chilombo. Njira zoyendera ziyenera kukhala zofatsa momwe zingathere.
Pambuyo pakusintha, zionetseni mopanda mantha kuti moyo wa chiwetocho ukhalebe. Amuna amalekanitsidwa ndi akazi. Sitiyenera kukhala ndi kuwala kochuluka mu aviary, malo amodzi okha owala bwino atsala.
Ngati ali ndi mwayi, ndipo mkaziyo adzabala ana, nthawi yomweyo adzasiyidwa pakona yakuda, kutsanzira nkhalango, yomwe amapitako atabereka zachilengedwe. Zachidziwikire, sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kuzidyetsa ndi masamba wamba aku Africa, koma zimalowedwa m'malo ndi zomera zamitengo yowuma, masamba azitsamba ndi zitsamba, ngakhale osokosera. Ziweto zonse zimawakonda. Mchere, phulusa ndi calcium (choko, zigamba za mazira, ndi zina zambiri) ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa pachakudya.
Okapi amayamba kuzolowera anthu kwambiri kotero kuti saopa kutenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja mwake. Amatola mwaluso ndi lilime lawo ndikuitumiza pakamwa. Zikuwoneka zosangalatsa kwambiri, zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha alendo obwera kudzaonanso zachilendozi.
