Macropod adawonekera m'madzi akumwera kwa azungu chimodzi mwazoyambirira - mwina nsomba zagolide zokha ndizomwe zitha patsogolo pawo. Monga anthu ena ambiri okhala m'malo osungira ku Asia ndi Africa, P. Carbonier, katswiri wodziwika bwino wamadzi, adaweta ma macropod. Tiyenera kupereka msonkho kwa iye - anali munthu uyu yemwe anali woyamba kumasula chinsinsi cha nsomba ya labyrinthine yomwe imatenga mpweya kuchokera pamwamba!
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Macropod
Macropod wamtchire amawoneka wokongola kwambiri - ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri (pafupifupi masentimita 10 ndi yamphongo ndi akazi masentimita 7), mosakopa chidwi cha amchere okhala ndi mtundu wake - kumbuyo kwake kuli ndi mthunzi wa azitona, ndipo thupi limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiira ndi buluu wowala (ndikosakanikirana kobiriwira ) mitundu. Zipsepse zamtundu umodzi, zopitilira ulusi wamtengo wapatali, zimakhala ndi utoto wofiira wokhala ndi utoto wabuluu.
Zipsepse zomwe zili mbali yamimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira kwambiri, zipsepse za pectoral zimawonekera, operculum ili ndi diso lowoneka labuluu komanso malo ofiira mozungulira ilo. Koma mosiyana ndi malingaliro omwe amapezeka pokhudzana ndi kukongola kwachikazi, ma macropod achikazi amakhala amtundu wowoneka bwino kwambiri. Ndipo zipsepse zawo ndi zazifupi, chifukwa chake, sizovuta kusiyanitsa wamkazi ndi wamwamuna.
Kanema: Macropod
Vuto ndilakuti pamene zolakwitsa zimapangidwa posunga ndi kuswana, mitundu yowala kwambiri imangotayika posachedwa, buluu umakhala wakuda, wakuda buluu, wofiira umasanduka lalanje lakuda, nsomba zimakhala zazing'ono, zipsepse sizionekanso zokongola kwambiri. Ndipo kusintha kumeneku kumatha kuchitika m'mibadwo ya 3-4 yokha, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi zitsanzo zawokha omwe sangakwanitse kulemba ndi kuwerenga. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, akuyesera kuti apereke zolakwa zowona mosabisa monga zosazolowereka!
Mavuto akulu pakubereketsa ma macropods ndikuswana ndikusowa kuwala kwachilengedwe. Ngakhale, pankhani ya njira yolondola, kuswana moyandikana kwambiri kumatha kuthandiza kubwezeretsa mikhalidwe ya macropod yomwe yatayika kale. Komanso, tisaiwale zakufunika kwa kudyetsa koyenera, koyenera komanso kusankha kwa awiriawiri.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe macropod imawonekera
Akazi mu 100% ya milandu ndi ocheperako kuposa amuna: 6 cm ndi 8 cm, motsatana (ngakhale m'misomba yambiri, ngakhale yomwe ilinso ya labyrinths, zonse ndizofanana). Koma palinso zofanana ndi oimira ena am'banjali - amuna amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyananso kwambiri komanso yowoneka ngati zipsepse.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ubale wofanana mwachindunji pakati pa kukula kwamitundu ya masikelo a macropod, kutentha kwa madzi ndi chisangalalo cha macropod adadziwika.
Ponena za mawonekedwe amtundu ndi mawonekedwe: chachimuna cha macropods nthawi zonse chimakhala chofiirira golide. Pamtembo wa nsombazo, pali mikwingwirima yomwe imasunthika mozungulira (imachokera kumbuyo kupita pansi, koma siyifika pamimba). Zipsepse zomwe zili kumbuyo ndi kufupi ndi kumatako ndizobiriwira. Pali chidutswa chofiira pamalangizo awo. Akazi ndi owoneka bwino, afupikitsa zipsepse ndi mimba yonse.
Zonsezi ndizokhudzana ndi mtundu woyambirira wa macropods, koma tsopano pali kale zisankho zopangidwa ndi ma albino opangidwa ndi thupi lokhala ndi utoto wobiriwira. Nsombazi zimakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiira yokha ndipo zimakhala ndi zipsepse zofiira. Njira ina ndi ma macropods akuda. Thupi la nsombazi limakutidwa ndi masikelo akuda, kulibe mikwingwirima, koma chophophonya ichi chimangolipiridwa ndi zipsepse zazitali zapamwamba.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungasunge ndi kudyetsa nsomba zanu za macropod. Tiyeni tiwone momwe amapulumukira m'chilengedwe chawo.
Kodi macropod amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Macropod ku Russia
Oimira mitundu iyi amakhala m'madzi amadzi abwino, makamaka ndimadzi ofooka kapena madzi osayenda). Malo okhala makamaka ku Far East. Macropod imapezeka kwambiri mumtsinje wa Yangtze. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba izi zidayendetsedwa bwino m'madzi am'mitsinje yaku Korea ndi Japan. Kungotchula nsomba za m'madzi a mumtsinje wa Amur waku Russia kumafotokozedwa ndikudziwika kolakwika kwa macropod. Komanso ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino zopezeka ku aquarium zaku China. Mu Ufumu Wakumwamba, nsombazi zimakhala m'minda ya mpunga. Ma macropod osungunuka (mtundu wawo wamadzi) adalumikizidwa podutsa ma macropod wamba ndi singano za msana.
Ma Macropods m'madzi am'madzi akuwonetsa kupirira kofanana ndi kwachilengedwe. Nsombazi zimalekerera kutenthetsa kwakanthawi kwamatangadza mpaka 35 ° C, kumverera bwino ngakhale m'madzi amdima, sizikakamiza kuti kusefera komanso kusefukira kwamadzi kukhale kofunikira. M'malo awo achilengedwe, nsombazi zimadya kwambiri nyama zotchedwa plankton ndikupewa kuberekana kwambiri kwa nyamakazi, nyongolotsi ndi zina zopanda mafupa.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Nthawi zambiri kudzichepetsa kwa ma macropod kumasewera motsutsana ndi obereketsa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsombazi zimatha kuberekana pansi pazoyenera, ngakhale zitasungidwa bwino komanso kudyetsedwa. Palibe nsomba ina (mwina, kupatula gourami) m'mikhalidwe yotere yomwe silingaganize za ana, koma izi sizokhudza ma macropods. Koma zotsatira za zonsezi zimawoneka zokhumudwitsa - m'malo mwa kukongola kowala, imvi, nsomba za nondescript zimabadwa, zomwe m'masitolo ambiri amtunduwu "amatchedwa" macropods.
Kodi macropod imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Macropod fish
Kudyetsa kumathandiza kwambiri pamoyo wa macropod - titha kunena kuti kumapangitsa kukongoletsa kwake. Kuonetsetsa kuti chitukuko chikugwirizana, munthu ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti macropod ndi chilombo. Inde, makamaka, ma macropods ndi omnivorous, ndipo pambuyo pa njala yayitali amatha kudya chilichonse. M'mikhalidwe yomwe amakhala m'chilengedwe, chakudya chilichonse chimakhala chokoma. Chifukwa chake, ngati macropod yanu ikakhala ndi njala, imatha kudya ngakhale zinyenyeswazi za mkate, komabe ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti nzika za m'nyanjayi zizidyetsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chakudya choyenera ndi ma bloodworms ndi ma corets - chakudyachi chiyenera (moyenera) kukhala theka la chakudyacho, osachepera. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizomveka kuwonjezera ma cyclops oundana pazakudya.
Zakudya zina za "nsomba" sizingakhale zopanda phindu:
- mazira a magazi;
- daphnia;
- mphutsi zakuda za udzudzu.
Ndibwino kuwonjezera zakudya zam'nyanja zodyedwa. Nkhanu, mussels, octopus - ma macropods onsewa amalemekezedwa kwambiri. Muthanso kuwonjezera zakudya zowuma pazakudya - ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwa ndi carotenoids kuti utoto ukhale wabwino. Zomera za Macropod sizidya kapena kuwonongeka mulimonsemo, koma chowonjezera chazitsamba chaching'ono chimathandizira nsomba.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Macropod aquarium nsomba
Amuna ambiri a macropods amawonetsa kukwiya wina ndi mnzake. Nthawi zambiri amawonetsa zofananira osati zogwirizana wina ndi mnzake, komanso nsomba zina zomwe zimakhala mumtambo wa aquarium ndipo samalimbana nawo kwenikweni kuti adye. Ndi pazifukwa izi kuti ndizomveka kusungira ma macropod mu aquarium limodzi, ndipo ngati mungowonjezera nsomba zazikulu zokha.
Koma pali lingaliro lina - ambiri am'madzi am'madzi, komanso omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ma macropods, awona kuti pali zopeka zambiri za nsombazi (makamaka zama macropods akale).
Ndipo nkhani zomwe ma macropods okongola ndizosangalatsa, zopanda pake, osasokoneza, nsomba zonse, komanso kumenya nkhondo nthawi zonse pakati pawo ngakhale kupha akazi awo omwe. Ma Macropod aquarists akuti izi sizomwe zili choncho - "milandu" iwiri yomaliza ndiyabodza. Chifukwa chiyani mungalankhule za izi ndi chidaliro chotere?
Inde, zikadakhala choncho chifukwa ngati zinthu zonsezi zinali zowona, ndiye kuti ma macropods sakanakhalabe ndi chilengedwe, mwachilengedwe. Inde, nthawi zina pamakhala anthu ankhanza, ankhanza pakati pawo, omwe amatha kupha mkazi atabereka limodzi, ngakhalenso mwachangu. Koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, ndipo nsomba zoterezi zimawoneka nthawi yomweyo - ngakhale zisanayambe kubala. Chifukwa chake, anthu oterewa sayenera kuloledwa kuswana.
Koma pali njira yabwino yochotsera nsombazi - ndizokwanira kuzikhazika m'madzi am'madzi ambiri pamodzi ndi nsomba zina zofananira komanso zopanda nkhanza. Malo okhala ambiri ndi zomera zamoyo ndizofunikira zina. Inde, nsomba zing'onozing'ono komanso nsalu zotchinga tulo ta macropods zimawona kuti ndiudindo wawo kuluma, kapena ngakhale kugwiritsira ntchito m'malo mwa kadzutsa - koma mitundu ina yambiri imachimwanso ndi izi. Kodi mungachite chiyani, ili ndiye lamulo lachilengedwe - oyenera kwambiri amapulumuka!
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Macropod mwachangu
Pobereka, yamphongo imakhazikitsa chisa cha thovu la mpweya pafupi ndi zomerazo, pafupi ndi madzi. Pakubala, chachimuna chimapanikiza chachikazi, chinali chitamukulunga m'thupi lake lonse, ngati boa constrictor. Chifukwa chake, amafinya mazira mmenemo. Caviar ya macropods ndi yopepuka kuposa madzi, chifukwa chake imayandama nthawi zonse, ndipo yamphongo imazisonkhanitsa ndikuziteteza mwamphamvu - mpaka nthawi yomwe ana amawonekera.
Ndipo ngakhale m'masiku 10 otsatira, chachimuna chimagwira nawo ntchito yoteteza ndikukonzekera moyo wachikulire wa mwachangu. Amatsitsimutsa chisa nthawi ndi nthawi. Macropod imasuntha mazira, kutolera ana ndikuiponyanso. Nthawi zina, mkazi amathandiza wamwamuna posamalira ana, koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.
Kuti mule ma macropod athanzi, muyenera kusankha bwino awiriawiri ndikuwakonzekeretsa kubereka. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzitsatira momwe makolo amtsogolo azitsatira pazoyenera zamoyo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Macropods ndi azaka zana - amakhala motalikirapo pakati pa nsomba zonse za labyrinth. Ndipo ngati apatsidwa zinthu zabwino, amakhala m'malo opangika ngakhale zaka 8-10. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthekera kwakubala mtundu wawo kumasunga osapitilira theka la nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa.
Komabe, macropod kwenikweni ndi chilombo, choncho tulo ndi khalidwe lomveka bwino la khalidwe lake. Koma nthawi zambiri, macropod ndi nsomba yolimba, yolira kwambiri komanso yosangalatsa. Kukhalitsa komanso manyazi sizodziwika bwino ku macropod wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri ndi ma macropod okhala ndi mtundu wachikale komanso wabuluu. Okhazikika - maalubino, oyera ndi lalanje. Zomalizazi sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziyikidwe mu aquarium yomweyo, ngakhale limodzi ndi ma macropod achikale.
Adani achilengedwe a macropods
Chithunzi: Macropod wamkazi
Ngakhale ma macropod okoma komanso olimba mtima ali ndi adani awo, ndipo "sangapeze chilankhulo chimodzi" m'malo awo achilengedwe kapena m'malo amchere. Mukuganiza kuti ndani amene amamuda kwambiri (komanso nthawi yomweyo amawopa kwambiri macropod), yomwe imasokoneza zipsepse ndi mchira wa nsomba zazikulu?
Chifukwa chake, mdani wamkulu wa macropod ndi ... Sumatran barbus! Nsombazi ndizosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa, chifukwa chake palibe chomwe chingalepheretse oponderezayo kuti asalandire ma macropod awo masharubu. Ngati ma barbar 3-4 achita motsutsana ndi macropod imodzi, ndiye kuti woyamba sangachite bwino. Zomwezi zimachitikanso m'chilengedwe, pokhapokha ma macropod ali ndi mwayi wocheperako - ziweto za zigoba za Sumatran sizimawasiya mwayi pang'ono! Chifukwa chake ma macropod amakakamizidwa kuti azidzifufuza okha malo omwe wakuba mwamphamvu - a Sumatran barbus - sangapulumuke. Osanena kuti iyi ndi njira yabwino yotetezera malo anu padzuwa, komabe ...
Njira yokhayo yoyanjanitsira adaniwa ndikukula mwachangu mu aquarium yomweyo kuyambira zaka. Palinso mwayi wochepa kuti akhale mogwirizana ndikukhala mogwirizana. Ngakhale mfundo imeneyi sikugwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Mwina chifukwa nsombazi zimakhala ndi udani pamtundu wamtundu. Palibe mafotokozedwe ena ndipo sangakhale!
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Momwe macropod imawonekera
Mtundu wa macropods umakwirira madera akuluakulu ku Southeast Asia. Zitha kuwoneka m'madzi am'mwera kwa China, ngakhale ku Malaysia. Nsombazo zidayambitsidwa bwino m'madzi aku Japan, Korea, America, komanso pachilumba cha Madagascar.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nsomba zamtunduwu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupulumuka kwakukulu - ndiwodzichepetsa, olimba mtima ndipo "amatha kudziyimira pawokha", komanso ali ndi zida za labyrinth zomwe zimagwira ntchito yopumira (mpweya umasonkhana pamenepo).
Koma ngakhale kuthekera kochititsa chidwi kotere kupulumuka "kumbuyo", mitundu ya macropods pakadali pano ikuphatikizidwa mu International Red Book, koma monga mtundu, kutha kwake komwe kumayambitsa nkhawa zochepa.
Chodabwitsa cha kuchepa kwa nsomba izi chimalumikizidwa, makamaka, ndikukula kwa munthu ndi zochitika zake zachuma m'malo omwe ndi chilengedwe cha macropod ndikuwononga chilengedwe ndi mankhwala.
Koma ngakhale nthawi zonsezi, ngakhale kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikukula kwa nthaka yaulimi, sikuyika mtundu uwu pachiwopsezo chotha. Ndipo izi zimangokhala munthawi zachilengedwe - chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi, kuchuluka kwa ma macropods kukukulirakulira!
Chitetezo cha Macropod
Chithunzi: Macropod kuchokera ku Red Book
Kulemba mu International Red Data Book pakokha ndi njira yokhayo yotetezera zamoyozo, chifukwa pambuyo poti izi zachitika malire okhwima amaikidwa pakugwira kwake kapena / kapena kukhazikikanso. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zimayendetsedwa moyenera kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Nthawi yomweyo, zochitika zachuma zodziwika ndi zimphona zazikulu zamakampani komanso malamulo olakwika amayiko aku Asia zimabweretsa kuti ma macropod amakakamizidwa kusiya malo awo.
Ndipo, "violin yoyamba" pobwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa ma macropod amasewera ndi ma aquarists - amasankha anthu athanzi kwambiri ndikuwoloka, kupeza ana, gawo lamkango lomwe limapulumuka (chifukwa chakusowa kwa adani akunja). Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ma macropods kukukulirakulira, ndipo mitunduyi ikusintha.
Chosangalatsa: Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina za labyrinth (gourami yemweyo), ma macropods nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kupsa mtima koyamba, ndipo popanda chifukwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge ma telescopes, scalars ndi discus, komanso oyimira mitundu ina yonse ya nsomba - neon, zebrafish ndi ena, komanso ma macropods.
Macropod - nsomba zaulemu za m'nyanja ya aquarium, wodziwika ndi munthu wosangalala komanso wopanda phokoso. Mukasunga, aquarium iyenera kukhala yotseguka nthawi zonse (yokutidwa ndi magalasi oteteza). Izi zithandizira kuti nsomba zizitha kuyenda bwino mumlengalenga, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi labyrinth yawo, ndipo ziziteteza anthu omwe akutopa kwambiri kuti asagwere m'madzi nthawi yomwe amalumpha.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 01.11.2019
Tsiku losintha: 11.11.2019 nthawi 12:08
