Bodza - nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri yamabanja achikazi. Amphaka odabwitsazi adalumikizidwa podutsa mitundu iwiri yosiyana, chifukwa chake amapezeka m'malo osungira nyama. Liger amadziwika ndi mikhalidwe yawo yapadera, yomwe adalandira kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Liger
Amabereka amayimira banja la mphalapala, omwe ndiwosakanizidwa ndi mkango wamphongo ndi tigress wamkazi. Kwa nthawi yayitali, asayansi sanakayikire kuti mitundu iwiriyi imatha kuswana, ngakhale ili m'gulu limodzi la operekera. Komanso, kuchokera ku mkango waukazi ndi kambuku wamphongo, wosakanizidwa amathanso kupezeka - tigon kapena kambuku, yemwe ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mnzake. Liger adatenga chidaliro cha nthumwi yayikulu kwambiri ya feline - izi zisanachitike, nyalugwe wa Amur anali m'malo mwake.
Mtundu wosintha wazipembedzo umakhala ndi nthawi zosatsimikizika, ndichifukwa chake asayansi kwanthawi yayitali samatha kudziwa amphaka akuluakulu amtunduwo, komanso, sanaganize kuti atha kusakanizana. Amakhulupirira kuti kholo la mtundu wa panther ndi lomwe linatha Panther Scauby, yemwenso ndi kholo la ma cougars.
Kanema: Wobodza
Chifukwa cha izi, ma cougars nawonso anali amtundu wa panther kwanthawi yayitali. Kusiyanasiyana kwa amphaka pobereka kunachitika, mwina, pafupifupi zaka sikisi miliyoni zapitazo, komabe kumadzetsa mpungwepungwe pakati pa asayansi. Liger ndi mamembala apadera amtunduwu. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, asayansi ayambiranso maphunziro a DNA ya amphaka akulu, osatengera kuthekera kwa mitanda ina yapakatikati.
Ofufuzawo akukhulupirira kuti anyalugwe akambuku ndi nyamazi nawonso amakonda kuswana, koma mlanduwu umakhalabe wongopeka chifukwa cha zovuta zambiri zamtunduwu. Maonekedwe a liger adalimbikitsa zoology kuti apitilize kuphunzira amphaka akulu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi liger amawoneka bwanji
Abodza ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri. Imatha kulemera makilogalamu opitilira 400, ndipo kutalika koyenera kumafota ndi pafupifupi masentimita 100. Yotambasulidwa mokwanira, liger imatha kutenga mamita 4 onse. Kutalika kwa pakamwa pa chilombo chotere kumatambasula mpaka masentimita 50. Mwambiri, chinyama, pakuwona koyamba, chimafanana ndi mkango wokhala ndi mane owonda.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Liger wamkulu kwambiri ndi Hercules. Kutalika kwake kumafota ndi 124 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumapitilira 418 kg.
Chibadwa cha amuna abodza chimakhala ndi chitukuko, ndipo mkango umadutsa kwa ana, umakulirakulira. Ma chromosomes a tigress ndi ofooka kuposa ma chromosomes a mkango, ndichifukwa chake kukula kwa ma liger kumapitilira muyeso wa amphaka akulu. Liger - amuna amakhala ndi mane kapena madzi opanda kanthu, koma mitu yawo ndi yayikulu kwambiri - ndi 40% yokulirapo kuposa mitu ya mikango yamphongo ndipo imaposa kawiri kukula kwa mitu ya akambuku a Bengal. Mwambiri, kukula kwa liger kuli pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kukula kwa mkango wachikulire.
Mtundu wa ma liger ndi zonona, zofiira pang'ono. Mimba, mkatikati mwa zikono, khosi ndi nsagwada m'munsi zoyera. Chovalacho ndi chofewa, chofewa, chovala chovala chamkati. Pali timizere tofiyira thupi lonse. Liger imatha kukhala yopepuka kapena yakuda, kuphatikiza ma liger oyera - mbadwa za tigress yoyera ndi mkango woyera. Ma liger onse ali ndi miyendo yayikulu kwambiri komanso yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi chiuno.
Mimba ya ma liger ili lendewera, ikuwoneka yayikulu kwambiri. Amuna abodza nthawi zina amakhala ndi zotupa zakufiyira zakuthwa m'malo mwa mane. Kuchokera ku tigress, amakhalanso ndi mawanga oyera m'makutu, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati kubisa.
Kodi liger amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Novosibirsk Liger
Kumtchire, mikango ndi akambuku samadutsana pakati pawo. Chifukwa cha izi, alibe ana - m'mbuyomu, pomwe mitundu iwiriyi imatha kukhala ndi madera oyandikana nawo, amapewa wina ndi mnzake chifukwa cha moyo wosiyana kwambiri: mikango imakonda kucheza, ndipo akambuku amakhala okhaokha.
Komabe, palinso maumboni onena za abodza. Mu 1798, asayansi adapeza zolemba zolembedwa za ana a tigress ndi mkango, omwe amapezeka munyama zomwe zimakhala m'makola ku India. Mu 1837, mwana wabodza adaperekedwa kwa Mfumukazi Victoria ngati chokomera, umboni kuti akambuku ndi mikango idabereka mwanzeru.
Liger ndi nyama yopangidwa mwanzeru. Mikango ndi akambuku zimayenderana pakati pa malo osungira nyama, ndipo izi zimangolimbikitsa kusinthana kwakukulu. Asayansi akutsutsana ngati achikunja amatha kukhala kuthengo.
Amavomereza kuti madera otsatirawa ndi omwe ali abwino kwambiri kwa ma liger:
- India;
- gawo lapakati la USA;
- South America.
Ma liger nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi akambuku okhala ndi mano opha ndi sabata, choncho amaganiza kuti kuthengo, nyama izi zimakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, zimasankha mapanga ndi malo ena otsekedwa. Osati kale kwambiri, ziweto ndi ana ankakhala ku Novosibirsk Zoo, koma chifukwa cha matenda amtunduwu, anthu sanakhale ndi moyo nthawi yayitali.
Kodi liger amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Cat liger
Amabereka amadya nyama yambiri, chifukwa chake kulipira ku malo osungira nyama ndi kwakukulu. Pofuna kuti nyama zomwe zimadya nyamazi zisawonongeke, nyama zamoyo zimayambitsidwa nthawi zambiri kwa amphaka kuti amphaka azisaka komanso kuti aphunzire zovuta zamtchire. Kawirikawiri, liger amadya makilogalamu 10 mpaka 15. Mwa nyama, kutengera jenda, msinkhu komanso kukula kwake.
Ligram nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa "mbale" zotsatirazi:
- nkhuku, kuphatikizapo zamoyo, zomwe amaluwa amadzipha okha;
- akalulu, nawonso nthawi zina amakhala amoyo;
- nyama yang'ombe yophika, nyama yakufa, mitu ndi ziboda zolimba ndi mafupa olimba kuti ma liger akukukuta mano awo;
- mazira, makamaka - mapuloteni, osweka ndi chipolopolo;
- mkaka wamafuta.
Liger samakana nsomba yaiwisi, amasewera nayo mosangalala. Amphaka amphaka nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mavwende: amasewera nawo ndipo pamapeto pake amaluma. Zakudya zazomera zimaphatikizidwa pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za ma liger. Amapatsidwa mavitamini amitundu yonse kuti amphakawo akhale athanzi. Zosakanizazi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa ana omwe amafunika kulimbitsa mafupa ndi kupewa matenda omwe angakhalepo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Liger sanakhaleko kuthengo, chifukwa chake samawona nyama yamoyo ngati chakudya. Amayamba kuzidya akayang'ana chitsanzo kumbali ya mikango ndi akambuku.
Nthawi zonse mumakhala udzu watsopano wobiriwira kumene mu aviary a liger. Amphaka akulu nthawi zambiri amagona pakati paudzu wamtali ndikuuluma - izi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa mavitamini mthupi la mphaka wamkulu. Amapatsidwa mapichesi, apurikoti, tomato, nkhaka, letesi ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri monga mavitamini achilengedwe.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Liger wosakanizidwa
Chikhalidwe cha ma liger amatha kutchedwa mosunthika. Amphaka awa adalandira mikhalidwe kuchokera kwa onse mkango abambo ndi amayi a tigress. Kuchokera kwa mikango, ma liger adayamba kukonda magulu azikhalidwe. Leos ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhudza amphaka onse akulu. Amagwirizana mosavuta ndikudziphatika kwa mikango. Pokhudzana ndi amphaka ena, ma liger samatsutsana, amakonda chikondi, amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi abale ena.
Komano, akambuku atengera akambuku chizolowezi cholemba ndi kuteteza madera. Bodza limakhala ndi gulu lankhosa, lomwe limazindikira kuti ndi banja, komanso limakhala ndi ngodya yake, yomwe ndi yake yekha. Makamaka ma liger azimayi amakonda kuchita izi, monganso ma tigresses. Komanso, akambuku, akambuku amatengera kukonda madzi ndi kusambira. Amadziponya okha m'mayiwe, kukokera nyama zawo kumeneko, kumira ndikungogona m'madzi - mikango sakonda ndipo imawopa madzi amadzi.
NDIchochititsa chidwi: Amabodza amuna amakhala ndi testosterone yotsika kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala ochepera kwambiri. Koma azibambo azimayi amakonda kukhumudwa.
Komanso nyalugwe amafanana ndi kambuku komanso kuti amalekerera kutentha pang'ono. Akambuku amasinthidwa kuti azikhala ozizira - ubweya wawo umadziwika ndi chovala chamkati, chomwe ma tigress amapatsira ana awo - ma liger. Nthawi yomweyo, ma liger samavutika ndi kutentha, chifukwa ubweya wawo umapereka kutentha kwabwino. Mu chisanu choopsa, ma liger amasangalala mosangalala mu chisanu, ndipo chifukwa cha kutentha amagona m'madzi.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Ana a Liger
Amuna a liger ndi osabereka konsekonse, koma akazi ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ana, ngakhale ndiotsika kwambiri. Izi sizikutsutsa kuti akambulu azimayi amakhala ndi nthawi ya estrus, pomwe amawonetsa chidwi cha amuna amitundu yonse: ma liger, akambuku ndi mikango. Ma ligresses amatha kukhala ndi ana okha ku mikango. Pofunafuna mnzake, mayi wabodza amatha ngakhale kukwera pamwamba pa mpanda waukulu womwe umamulekanitsa ndi mpandawo ndi amphaka ena akuluakulu. Mosasamala kanthu kuti akafika ku kambuku kapena mkango, machitidwe achikazi amakhalanso ofanana.
Kutentha kumatulutsa gawo, kulola amuna kudziwa kuti ali wokonzeka kukwatira. Momwe zoo zilili, osunga samalola ziwonetsero zilizonse pakati pa akambuku amphongo kapena mikango, chifukwa chake, wamkazi, monga lamulo, samadzisankhira bwenzi - amangoyambitsidwa mu mpanda wake. Amphaka akulu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri. Amapukusana mitu mokondana, amagona moyandikana kwa nthawi yayitali ndikunyambita ubweya wina ndi mnzake. Kwa mikango, zingwe zotere zimathamanga, koma akambuku amatha kukhala kupitilira tsiku limodzi. Akakwatirana, akazi ndi abambo amasiyanasiyana.
Mimba imakhala pafupifupi masiku 110. Zotsatira zake, mkazi amabala mwana mmodzi kapena awiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri awa amakhala amuna osabereka omwewo. Ana a mkango ndi ligress amatchedwa liger, ndipo zimachitika kawirikawiri mwana akabadwa wamoyo komanso wathanzi. Monga lamulo, ana samakhala mpaka miyezi itatu. Mwachidziwitso, ma liger azimayi amatha kukhala ndi ana kuchokera ku mikango, koma mikango ili ndi kuthekera kwamphamvu kwa majini, ndichifukwa chake, anawo sangafanane ndi ma liger - adzakhala ana a mkango wamba. Kawirikawiri, azibambo azimayi samakhala ndi mkaka, ndichifukwa chake osunga zoo amadyetsa ana.
Adani achilengedwe a liger
Chithunzi: Kodi liger imawoneka bwanji
Liger ndi mbalame zazikulu kwambiri, koma samakhala m'malo awo achilengedwe. Mwamaganizidwe, ngati abodza akakhazikika kudera lililonse, amatha kukwera pamwamba pazakudya, ndipo sangakhale ndi adani achilengedwe. Liger ali ndi matenda angapo (kuphatikiza kusabereka kwa amuna) omwe amatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu pamoyo wabwinobwino.
Liger amatha kusokonezeka m'maganizo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti akambuku ndi mikango ili ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolankhulirana. Chifukwa cha izi, abodza nthawi zina amakumana ndi zovuta, chifukwa chake samamvana kapena abale awo. Mwachitsanzo, akambuku ndi mikango imakhala ndi machenjezo osiyanasiyana, choncho akalulu amatha kuwona chizindikiro chamtendere cha amphaka ena ngati chowopseza.
Izi zitha kuwonedwa ngakhale muubwenzi wa ligress ndi ana - sangamvetsetse mawonekedwe awo amawu omwe adalandira kuchokera kwa mkango bambo, ndichifukwa chake amasiya ana ndipo amaleredwa ndi osunga zoo. Ma Ligresses amakonda kukhumudwa chifukwa chakusemphana kwa moyo. Onsewa amakhala ndi chidwi chocheza, koma nthawi yomweyo amafunika kukhala achinsinsi. Chifukwa cha izi, mitsempha yam'mimba imayamba kukhumudwa. Amabodza amuna samakhala ndi machitidwe otere - amakonda kukhala owonekera.
Chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo, ma liger amakumana ndi zovuta zamiyendo ndi msana, zomwe zimadzaza ndi matenda am'mafupa ndi mafupa. Ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa chiyembekezo cha moyo wa ma liger - amakhala zaka 24, koma asayansi ali otsimikiza kuti nyama zimafa chifukwa cha matenda, osati chifukwa cha imfa yachilengedwe.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Liger
Liger amakhala ochepa m'malo osungira nyama okha, komwe amayang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri oyenerera.
Sakufuna kutulutsa ma liger kuthengo pazifukwa zingapo:
- samazolowera moyo wamtchire. Amphakawa azolowera anthu, samvetsetsa za kusaka, ndipo alibe malo achilengedwe, kotero kuwamasula mdera lina kuli ngati kukhazikitsa kuyesa kopanda umunthu;
- abodza si osaka bwino kwambiri. Inde, awa ndi amphaka akulu kwambiri omwe amatha kufikira liwiro la 90 km / h, koma nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwakukulu, ma liger amatopa msanga ndipo amafuna chakudya chochuluka. Amangokhala pachiwopsezo chodzidyetsa okha, ndichifukwa chake adzafa ndi njala;
- Kupatula apo, ma liger samaswana, umenenso ndi mkangano wosatulutsa ma liger kuthengo ngakhale atayang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Palinso ti tig kapena tigon - ana a kambuku wamphongo ndi mkango wamkazi. Ndiosiyana kwambiri ndi ma liger.
Chiwerengero cha okwera padziko lonse lapansi sichipitilira anthu makumi awiri. Ana a Liger amafuna chisamaliro chapadera, koma nthawi zambiri amafa asanakwane chifukwa cha matenda amtundu.
Bodza Ndi mphaka wamtendere yemwe amalumikizana ndi anthu modzipereka, kuwalandira ngati gawo limodzi. Liger amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zisudzo zosawerengeka, chifukwa ndizothandiza kwambiri pakuphunzitsa, ndikuwona ngati masewera.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 08/15/2019
Idasinthidwa: 11.11.2019 pa 12:08
