Marmoset Ndi nyani wachilendo wachilendo yemwe amakhala m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi oimira anyani ena kukula kwake - ndiwo anyani ochepera padziko lapansi omwe amatha kukhala ndi chala chamunthu. Izi ndizinyama zamtundu wopanda pake komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Marmoset
Marmoset ndi ya anyani am'banja la marmoset. Amatchedwanso Geldi marmoset polemekeza katswiri wazachilengedwe Emil August Geldi. Adasanthula nyama ku Brazil, nyama zambiri ku Brazil zidatchulidwa pambuyo pake.
Banja la marmoset limaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi 60 ya anyani, koma marmoset ndiye mtundu wake wokha. Nyani zamphongo zazikuluzi zimakhala ku New World, makamaka ku Central ndi South America, komwe kumakhala nkhalango zotentha.
Mwa oimira ma marmosets, pali zinthu zotsatirazi:
- ndi ochepa kukula kwake;
- amadya zakudya zamasamba, makamaka zipatso ndi bango lofewa;
- njira ya moyo ndi yovuta, akukwera mwaluso mitengo;
- khalani ndi mchira wautali kwambiri, wopindika womwe umagwira ntchito moyenera;
- khalani ndi malaya akuda: ubweya wake ndi wandiweyani, wosalala, nthawi zina amakhala ndi mitundu;
- zala zazikuluzikulu, monga anthu, zili ndi msomali mosabisa.
Chosangalatsa: M'malo osiyanasiyana odyera, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza anthu akujambula zithunzi ndi banja la anyani.
Banja la ma marmoset limatchulidwa pazifukwa: anyani ndimasewera ndipo amakonda kucheza ndi anthu. Sakhala aukali, osavuta kuweta, amaweta ngati ziweto.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Monkey marmoset
Ma marosets ndi anyani ochepera padziko lapansi. Kulemera kwawo nthawi zina sikufikira magalamu zana, kutalika kwake ndi 20-25 cm, mchira ndi wautali ngati thupi la nyani. Imakhala yopindika ndipo ilibe kanthu kogwira, koma nyani ikadumpha kuchoka panthambi kupita kunthambi, imagwira bwino ntchito.
Kutengera mitundu, ma marmosets amakhala ndi mtundu wina. Nthawi zambiri umakhala ubweya wofewa wosalala womwe umapanga tinyanga tating'ono kuzungulira mutu wa nyama. Mchira wocheperako uli ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera yopingasa yomwe imakumbutsa michira ya lemur. Marmoset ili ndi zala zisanu ndi zala, pomwe imagwira zinthu mwamphamvu.
Kanema: Marmoset
Maso ndi ochepa, akuda, okhala ndi chikope chapamwamba. Chosompsacho chimaphimbidwanso ndi ubweya, womwe umasiyanitsa ma marmosets kuchokera ku mitundu yambiri ya anyani. Mitundu ina ya ma marmosets ili ndi mikwingwirima yoyera kapena nkhope zawo zazitali.
Asayansi amadziwika kuti ma marmosets ngati mtundu wa marmoset, komabe pali kutsutsana pankhaniyi. Physiologically, samakhala ndi kusiyana kulikonse, komabe, ma marmosets ofiira ndi ofiira, okhala ndi zala zazifupi komanso ulusi wolimba.
Mwachikhalidwe, mitundu yotsatirayi ya ma marmosets imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wawo:
- silvery. Pachikuto chaubweya pali inclusions yoyera, chifukwa chomwe nyani amapeza chovala;
- golide. Momwemonso, ili ndi zotuwa zaubweya wachikaso, komanso ngayaye zoyera m'makutu ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa-mphete kumchira wofiira;
- wakuda. Mikwingwirima yakuda bulauni ndi zikopa zakuda zazing'onoting'ono m'makutu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ngakhale mutu ndi waung'ono, anyani ali ndi ubongo wokwanira, womwe umawapangitsa kukhala tcheru komanso nyama zopupuluma.
Kodi marmoset amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Monkey marmoset
Anyani amthumba amakhala m'malo awa:
- South America;
- Brazil, komwe adatsegulidwa koyamba;
- Bolivia - beseni la Amazon;
- Peru;
- Ecuador.
Chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo, anyani amakakamizidwa kubisala pafupipafupi, chifukwa chake malo awo okhala ndi korona wamitengo yayitali kwambiri, pomwe pali zolusa zochepa. Pofuna kugona usiku, ma marmosets amasankhidwa pamiyala yamitengo, yosungidwa ndimagulu angapo-mabanja, momwe muli mibadwo isanu ndi umodzi.
Ma maroseti samatsikira pansi nthawi zambiri, chifukwa amakumana ndi zoopsa zambiri pamenepo. Koma zolengedwa izi zimachita chidwi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa pafupi ndi midzi ndi midzi ina ing'onoing'ono. Amalolera kupita kwa anthu ndipo amatha kukhala pafupi ndi nyumba zawo. Ma marmosets akhungu lakuda ndi ochezeka kwambiri.
Ma marmosets ndi nyama zokonda kutentha zomwe zimakonda kutentha kwa mpweya osachepera 25-30 madigiri. Potentha kwambiri, anyani amaundana msanga ndipo amatha kufa ndi kutentha thupi, chifukwa matupi awo adapangidwa kuti azikhala m'malo otentha.
Kwa ma marmozets, chinyezi cha mpweya ndichofunikanso, chomwe chimayenera kufikira pafupifupi 60%.
Kodi marmoset amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Ma Marmosets
Ma marmosets ndi anyani odyetsa kwambiri. Koma amathanso kudzaza kusowa kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya cha nyama. Vuto limakhala chifukwa chakuti nyani yemwe amafuna kudya nyama yaying'ono amaika pachiwopsezo kukhala chakudya chake.
Zakudya zama marmosets nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:
- zipatso;
- zipatso;
- Bzalani maluwa, kuphatikizapo mungu, womwe amawakonda kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo;
- mphukira zazing'ono, masamba obiriwira;
- mphutsi zamitengo;
- njenjete, njenjete, tizilombo tina tating'ono;
- mwachangu amphibians.
Ma mamarmoseti amafunikira madzi, chifukwa pakuchepa kwawo amakhala olimba kwambiri komanso amayenda nthawi zonse. Pofuna kuti zisapite kumitsinje ndi malo ena amadzi, anyani amamwa mame ndi madzi omwe amadzala m'masamba a mitengo mvula ikagwa.
Ma marmosets ali ndi zida zolimba - awa ndi mano awo awiri okha. Chifukwa cha iwo, amatha kuluma pamwamba pa makungwa achichepere, ndikupeza timadzi ta mtengo wathanzi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timalola kuti azitulutsa nyongolotsi m'mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yakale.
Pankhani ya zakudya, ma marmosets alibe mpikisano ngati anyani ena; ndizochepa kwambiri komanso zopepuka, zomwe zimawathandiza kukwera pamwamba pa mitengo ndikudya zipatso zatsopano, pomwe anyani olemera sangathe kukwera.
Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe mungadyetse nyani wamng'ono ndi marmoset. Tiyeni tiwone momwe akukhalira kuthengo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: ma marmosets ang'onoang'ono
Nthawi yawo yonse ma marmosets amathera pa korona wa mitengo, kulumpha pakati pa nthambi kutalika ndi kutalika mpaka mita 2-3. Masana, nyamazi zimadyetsa ndi kudzikongoletsa - zipesa tizilombo ndi tiziromboti kuchokera ku ubweya wina ndi mnzake.
Usiku, gulu la ma marmosets, omwe mwina amakhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 20, amakwera mu dzenje kapena ngalande mumtengo wakale, komwe amagona. Abuluwa awa amalera ana awo ndi banja lonse, komwe kulibe ana a anthu ena - nyani aliyense amatha kulera mwana aliyense.
Kulira kwa ma marmoseti ndikumveka mokweza komanso pafupipafupi - samaopa kukopa chidwi cha adani. Kuyankhulana kwa anyani wina ndi mnzake kuli ngati kulira ma tweets, ma suites ndi ma chirip. Zikakhala zoopsa, anyani amakweza mawu kwambiri, akudziwitsa achibale onse omwe akubwerawo. Pazonse, pali zizindikilo zosachepera khumi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazokambirana.
Ma marmosets si nyama zakutchire. Amasuntha modekha m'chigawo chonse cha nkhalango yamvula, ndipo nthawi zina asanu ndi awiri amatha kukumana. Zikatere, anyani amanyalanyazana ndipo amadyetsa pafupi. Kumtchire, anyani amakhala zaka pafupifupi 10-15, ndipo posamalira bwino nyumba amatha kukhala zaka 22.
Ma marmosets ndi zolengedwa zosatsutsana kwambiri: amakhala ochezeka pakati pa anthu, amalumikizana mofunitsitsa, ndipo pakawopsa sagwiritsa ntchito zida zawo zakuthwa, koma amathawa.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Cubs marmoset
Banja la ma marmosets limaphatikizapo akazi ndi amuna azaka zonse. Anyani alibe maudindo owonekera bwino, samenyera udindo pagulu, mosiyana ndi anyani omwewo, koma ma marmosets ali ndi mtsogoleri womveka bwino yemwe amadzaza akazi ambiri m'banjamo.
Amuna amakula msinkhu wazaka zitatu, mkazi wazaka ziwiri. Mkazi amasankha wamwamuna yekha, koma nthawi zambiri kusankha kwake kumagwera kwa mtsogoleri yemwe angakhale wamkulu - wamwamuna wamkulu kwambiri komanso wolimba kwambiri. Popeza ma marmosets amakhala m'malo otentha, alibe nyengo yokwatirana kapena masewera olimbirana.
Chosangalatsa: Nthawi zina mkazi amatha kusankha wamwamuna kubanja lina, koma nkumabereka banja lake. Milandu yotereyi ndiyofala kwambiri, ndipo izi zimapereka nyani zosiyanasiyana ku anyani.
Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyani abereke mwana mmodzi kapena awiri osalemera magalamu 15. Ana amamamatira kutsitsi la amayi awo ndi zikhadabo ndipo amayenda naye pamimba, kumudyetsa mkaka, kenako pamisana, ndikuthyola mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba ofewa.
Ana amaleredwa pamodzi. Amuna ndi akazi onse amasamalira bwino achinyamata, amavala okha, amapesa ubweya wawo. Yaimuna yaikulu pa gulu lonse la nkhosa imakhala yotanganidwa kwambiri kufunafuna malo abwino odyetserako ziweto komanso kusamala ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Pakatha miyezi itatu, ana amayenda pawokha, ndipo pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi amatha kudya chakudya chomwecho monga akulu. Anyani ali ndi unamwali; Monga anthu, akazi a ma marmosets amayamba kukhwima koyambirira - ali ndi zaka chimodzi, pomwe amuna - chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Munthawi imeneyi, ma marmosets amatha kukwatirana, koma osabala ana.
Adani achilengedwe a ma marmosets
Chithunzi: Monkey marmoset
Chifukwa chakukhala kwawo, ma marmosets amatetezedwa kuchokera kuzinyama zambiri zomwe zimawononga anyani ena. Makamaka, mdani wamkulu wa anyani ndi amphaka amtchire, omwe sangathe kukwera kutalika kofanana ndi ma marmosets. Mbalame zazikulu zambiri sizichita chidwi ndi ma marmosets chifukwa cha kukula kwake.
Koma amakumanabe ndi adani awa:
- boa boa;
- woyang'anira nkhalango;
- njoka yamakorali;
- ziwombankhanga;
- zeze;
- uruba;
- mphaka margai;
- Akangaude oyenda aku Brazil;
- andean condor;
Nthawi zambiri, anyani amalimbana ndi mbalame. Pokhala pamwamba pamitengo, ma marmosets amatha kusiya kukhala tcheru ndipo amadya zipatso ndi masamba mwakachetechete pamene mbalame yayikulu yothamangira ikugwa pamwamba pake. Mimbulu ndi ziwombankhanga ndizothamangira kwambiri, chifukwa chake sizovuta kuti ziyandikire pafupi ndi anyani mwakachetechete mwachangu kudzilanda nyama. Ngakhale, monga lamulo, anyaniwa ndi nyama zazing'ono kwambiri kuzilombo zazikulu.
Choopsa china kwa anyani ang'onoang'ono ndi njoka zomwe zimabisala m'masamba obiriwira. Nthawi zambiri, ma marmosets okha amayandikira kwambiri njokayo, osazindikira kuopsa chifukwa cha utoto wobisala. Njoka zambiri sizivutika kumeza marmoset popanda kupuma kaye. Akangaude ena makamaka amadyera ana a marmoset. Akangaude owopsa ndi njoka ndizoopsa makamaka kwa anyani amenewa.
Ngati ma marmosets akuwona mdani, amayamba kubisala mochenjera, ndikudziwitsa anzawo za momwe mdani angayendere. Pambuyo pake, anyaniwo amabalalika, zomwe zimasokoneza chilombocho, kumulepheretsa kusankha nyama inayake. Ma maroseti sangathe kudziteteza, ndipo ngakhale mwana ali pachiwopsezo, palibe amene angathamange kuti amupulumutse. Anyani amadalira kwathunthu kukula kwawo kocheperako komanso kutha kuthamanga mwachangu ndikudumphira kutali.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Marmoset
Ku Brazil, marmoset ili ngati mitundu yotetezedwa yamtunduwu, ndipo kuchoka kwawo mdzikolo ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma marmosets amagulitsidwa pamsika wakuda ngati ziweto, ndipo nthawi zina mtengo wawo umatha kufikira madola 100 zikwi.
Komabe, ma marmosets si nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Zimaswana mosavuta kunyumba. Msika wakuda wogulitsa anyani ukufalikira makamaka ku China. Chiwerengero cha ma marmosets nawonso akuchepa chifukwa chodula mitengo, komabe akadali kwakukulu. Ku Russia, ma marmosets amatha kugulidwa movomerezeka kuchokera kwa obereketsa komanso kudzera mumawebusayiti osiyanasiyana. Kusamalira kwawo ndi chakudya kumafunikira ndalama zambiri, kotero ogula ambiri sangakwanitse kugula chiweto ichi.
Ma Marmosets amagwidwa ndi chidutswa, chomwe chimatsimikizira mtengo wawo wokwera. Mutha kungogwira nyani mwakumunyengerera kumitengo yocheperako mothandizidwa ndi mathandizo - nyaniyo amalola kulowa mchikwere kapena china chilichonse chofananira, chomwe chimatsekedwa. Nyani zakutchire sizigulitsidwa m'manja, koma zimakonda kulandira ana kuchokera kwa iwo, omwe azolowera anthu.
Malo odyetserako ana ma marmosets amapezeka ku South America. Nthawi zambiri anyaniwa amakhala ovuta kuwagwira, chifukwa nawonso amalankhula nawo. Ma maroseti alibe phindu lililonse pamalonda, sawombeledwa chifukwa cha masewera ndipo si tizilombo toononga.
Marmoset - nthumwi yachilendo ya anyani. Anakwanitsa kutchuka pakati pa anthu chifukwa chakuwoneka bwino, mwaubwenzi komanso mosangalala. Nyama zochezeka izi zimasinthidwa kuti zizikhala m'nkhalango zotentha, chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi nyani kunyumba, ngakhale m'malo abwino, ndikulanda banja lonse komanso ubale wofunika chifukwa chake.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 15.07.2019
Idasinthidwa: 25.09.2019 pa 20:35
