Cheetah odziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati nyama yofulumira kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwake kumatha kufika 110 km / h, ndipo amakula mofulumira kuposa galimoto iliyonse. Nyama zina zitha kuganiza kuti zikawona cheetah sizimveka kuti zithawe, chifukwa akafuna, adzawapeza. Koma zenizeni izi sizowona kwathunthu.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Cheetah
Cheetah ndi nyama yodziwika kwambiri yoopsa. Ndi za mtundu wina wa akambuku. Poyamba, panali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyamazi, ndipo ngakhale banja lina linali losiyana. Chifukwa chake chitha kufotokozedwa ndimapangidwe ofanana a nyalugwe omwe ali ndi feline ndi canine, zomwe zidapereka lingaliro kwa banja lotchuka. Koma pambuyo pake, pamlingo wa majini, zinawonetsedwa kuti cheetah ali pafupi kwambiri ndi cougars, chifukwa chake, pamodzi nawo, ali mgulu la amphaka ang'onoang'ono.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya cheetahs. Amasiyana maonekedwe, makamaka mitundu, komanso amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Anayi mwa iwo amakhala ku Africa, madera osiyanasiyana, ndi gawo lina ku Asia. M'mbuyomu, ma subspecies ambiri adasiyanitsidwa, koma pakukula kwa sayansi, kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwunika kwawonetsa kuti mitunduyo ndiyofanana, ndipo kusiyana kumayambitsidwa ndi kusintha pang'ono.
Anyani ndi amphaka apakati, amphaka. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi makilogalamu 35 mpaka 70. Chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa iwo ndi mtundu. Ndi yowala kwambiri mu cheetah kuposa nthumwi zonse za mawanga. Kuphatikiza apo, ma subspecies ena amasiyana mitundu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mphaka wa Cheetah
Thupi la nyalugwe lili pafupifupi masentimita 120-140 kutalika komanso lowonda kwambiri. Msinkhu nyama kufika 90 cm pa kufota. Thupi ndi lamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti ndimafashoni kuzindikira mawonekedwe ake kudzera muubweya. Mafuta a cheetah samapezeka, koma m'malo mwake amakhala bwino osasunga.
Mutu ndi waung'ono, osafanana kwenikweni ndi thupi. Ndi chofewa pang'ono komanso chopingasa. M'mbali mwake muli makutu ang'onoang'ono ozunguliridwa. Iwo samachita kwenikweni. Maso amakhala okwezeka, ozungulira ndikuwongolera kutsogolo. Mphuno ndizotakata, kupangitsa kuti athe kuyamwa mpweya wambiri nthawi imodzi, womwe umathandizira kuti uzitha kufulumizitsa nthawi yomweyo. Komano mano ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi achibale awo apafupi kwambiri.
Miyendo ya cheetah ndi yayitali komanso yamphamvu kwambiri, mumphindikati itatu yokha imatha kufikira liwiro la 100 km / h. Mankhanirawo amabwezeretsedwa pakati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyamazi zizioneka bwino ndi amphaka ena olusa. Zala zazing'onozo ndipo ziyangoyango ndizolimba komanso zolimba, zomwe zimathandizanso kuthamanga kwambiri.
Mchira ndi wautali komanso wandiweyani, pafupifupi masentimita 60-80. Kutalika kumatengera kukula kwa munthuyo. Muthanso kuzindikira kuti nyalugwe ndi iyo; ena owala alibe mchira waukulu chonchi. Mchira ndikulumikiza kwa msana wosinthasintha ndipo umakhala ngati lever yoyendetsera. Zimakupatsani mwayi wosinthana, kudumpha komanso kuyenda kwina kwa thupi.
Amuna ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi ndipo amakhala ndi mutu wokulirapo pang'ono. Nthawi zina izi zimatha kunyalanyazidwa chifukwa kusiyana kumakhala kochepa. Komanso, amuna ena amadzitama ndi kamwana kakang'ono. Ubweyawo ndi waufupi, wosakhala wonenepa, wolimba, koma nthawi yomweyo sukuphimba kwathunthu pamimba.
Kanema: Cheetah
Mtunduwo ndi wosiyana, wamchenga wokhala ndi mawanga akuda ozungulira. Kukula kwa mawanga kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Amaphimba thupi lonse la cheetah. M'malo ena, mawanga amatha kuphatikiza ndikupanga mizere. Pamphuno, mawangawo ndi ochepa, ndipo kuyambira m'maso mpaka nsagwada pali mikwingwirima yakuda, yomwe imatchedwa "mikwingwirima". Akatswiri amanena kuti amathandiza cheetah kuganizira wovulalayo, ndipo amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati cholinga chake.
Cheetah yachifumu imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wake wabwino kwambiri. M'mbuyomu, amawerengedwa ngati subspecies yapadera, koma pambuyo pake asayansi adazindikira kuti uku ndikusintha kwamitundu. Kumbuyo kwa cheetah, m'malo mwa mawanga, mikwingwirima, komanso kumchira, kuli mphete zakuda zakuda. Kuti ng'ombe itenge mtundu uwu, ndikofunikira kuwoloka wamkazi ndi wamwamuna wokhala ndi majini oyenera. Chifukwa chake, nyamazi wachifumu ndizosowa m'chilengedwe.
Palinso kusintha kwina kosiyanasiyana mwa mtundu wa cheetahs. Ma cheetah akuda amadziwika, mtundu uwu wamasinthidwe amatchedwa melanism, mawanga akuda satha kusiyanitsidwa pamtundu waubweya wakuda. Pali ma cheetahs achialubino. Komanso nyama zazingwe zotchuka zofiira, khungu lawo ndi lofiirira, lofiira, lowotcha. Mtundu wawo ndi wodabwitsa ndipo umakankhira akatswiri kuti aphunzire mwatsatanetsatane zopatuka izi.
Kodi cheetah amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Cheetah yanyama
Cheetah amakhala ku Africa ndipo ndi mtundu umodzi wokha womwe watsala ku Asia. Mitundu ina ya cheetah imafalikira m'malo osiyanasiyana ku Africa:
- Kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Africa (Algeria, Burkina Faso, Benin, Niger, kuphatikiza shuga) amakhala m'misasa ya Acinonyx Jubatus hecki.
- Gawo lakum'mawa kwa kontrakitala (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Ethiopia) ndi a subspecies Acinonyx Jubatus raineyii.
- Acinonyx Jubatus soemmeringii amakhala pakatikati pa Africa (Congo, Tanzania, Uganda, Chad, CAR).
- Gawo lakumwera kwa mainland (Angola, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia, South Africa) ndi Acinonyx Jubatus Jubatus.
Kupatula ku Africa, ka subspecies kamodzi kakapulumuka ku Iran, ndipo kawonanso ku Pakistan ndi Afghanistan. Amatchedwa subspecies aku Asia a cheetah, dzina la sayansi ndi Acinonyx Jubatus venaticus.
Cheetah amakhala mokhazikika m'malo otseguka, pomwe pali pobalalika. Izi ndichifukwa cha momwe amasaka. Amphaka awa sanasinthidwe kuti azikwera mitengo, kapangidwe kake ndi zikhadabo sizimapereka izi. Nyengo yowuma samawawopseza; nyamazi, m'malo mwake, zimakonda madera ndi zipululu. Nthawi zina ndimatha kugona pang'ono pansi pa tchire.
Kodi cheetah amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Cheetah Red Book
Akambuku ndi odyera odziwika komanso osaka nyama. Zakudya zawo zimapangidwa ndi nyama zopanda ziboliboli zofanana ndi iwo, kaya ndi agwape, ana anyumbu, mbawala, kapena impala. Mbawala ya Thomson imakhala nyama yodziwika kwambiri yodyedwa. Ngati kulibe zoterezi, ndiye kuti akambuku amaika maso awo pa wina wocheperako, monga hares, kapena warthogs.
Ma cheetah amasakidwa malinga ndi mfundo yapadera kuposa amphaka ena. Samabisala kapena kudzibisa okha kuchokera kwa omwe angawachitikire. Amayandikira bwino komanso mwakachetechete patali pang'ono kufika mamita khumi. Kenako pakubwera kudumpha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ndikuthamangitsidwa kwakukulu ndipo chilombocho chimadumpha nyama. Akuyenda ndi manja ake, amamupachika ndi nsagwada. Ngati sagwira nyama pazifukwa zina m'masekondi ochepa oyambilira, amathamangitsa mwadzidzidzi. Ntchito zamtunduwu ndizotopetsa kwambiri, mtima ndi mapapo sizingathe kupereka mpweya wamagazi mwachangu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri sangathe kuyamba kudya nyama yodyedwa itangogonjetsedwa. Pambuyo poyenda mwamphamvu kwa minofu pakufulumira, amafunikira nthawi kuti abwezeretse kupuma kwake ndikukhazikika. Koma zolusa zina panthawiyi zimatha kuyandikira nyama yake ndikuzitola kapena kuyamba kudya pomwepo.
Ndipo popeza amphaka onse olusa omwe amakhala moyandikana ndiamphamvu kuposa iye, sangathe kuyimirira pachakudya chake. Fisi kapena mbalame zomwe zimadya nyama zimathanso kukolera nyama yomwe yagwidwa. Cheetah yokha sichichita zimenezo. Amadya zokha zomwe adazigwira, ndipo amanyalanyaza zakufa.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Cheetah
Moyo wamtundu wa cheetah ndi zaka pafupifupi 12 mpaka makumi awiri. Nthawi zambiri mpaka zaka 25 zalembetsedwa, koma, monga lamulo, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Nyama imakonda kusaka kuyambira m'mawa kwambiri kapena pafupi ndi madzulo. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa tsikulo kumangotopetsa. Amphongo onse aamuna ndi aakazi amasaka. Onsewo ndi ena okha.
Ngakhale kuti cheetah ndiwotchuka kwambiri chifukwa chothamanga komanso kulumpha kwamphamvu kwakutali, imatha kuzipanga kwa masekondi asanu kapena asanu ndi atatu. Kenako amatuluka pansi ndipo amafunika kupuma, komanso mokwanira. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha izi, amataya nyama yawo, kugona pang'ono kwa theka la ola.
Chifukwa chake, masiku ake amakhala mukusaka kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kupumula kwakanthawi kochepa. Minofu yapadera pa thunthu, miyendo yamphamvu samamupangitsa kukhala wolusa wamphamvu, m'malo mwake, ndiye wofooka kwambiri pa abale ake amphaka apafupi kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mwachilengedwe ma cheetah amakhala ndi zovuta, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kwatsika kwambiri pazaka zapitazi.
Munthu, komabe, adapeza ntchito kwa iwo munthawi yake posaka. M'masiku akale komanso apakati, akalonga amasunga zonse zomwe amatchedwa achinyumba kukhothi. Kupita kukasaka, adakwera pamahatchi nyama zokutidwa kumaso pafupi ndi ziweto. Atafika adatsegula maso awo ndikuwadikirira kuti awasewere ndi masewera. Nyama zotopa zinabweretsedwanso kumtunda, ndipo nyamayo inadzitengera yokha. Zachidziwikire, adadyetsedwa kukhothi.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Mwana wamphaka wa Cheetah
Akambuku ndi nyama zokhazokha, makamaka zazikazi. Munthawi yamtunduwu, amuna, omwe nthawi zambiri amacheza ndi abale, amalumikizana pagulu laling'ono la anthu 4-5. Amalemba madera awo, pomwe akazi amakhala, omwe amakwatirana nawo ndi kuwateteza ku zovuta zamphongo kuchokera kumagulu ena. Kuyankhulana pakati pa anthu kumawonetsedwa mwa kuyeretsa ndikunyambilana.
Nyengo yokomerako imakhala yofooka, nthawi zambiri ana amawoneka chaka chonse. Ndiye kuti kumadera akumwera amakhala mozungulira kuyambira Novembala mpaka Marichi, komanso zigawo zakumpoto kwambiri, m'malo mwake, kuyambira Marichi mpaka Seputembara. Koma izi ndi zowerengera zokha. Nthawi yobereka ana achikazi imatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Ana osachepera awiri, osakwana sikisi amabadwa, monga mphaka wabwinobwino. Kulemera kwa mwana wamwamuna wakhanda kumachokera ku 150 mpaka 300 magalamu, kutengera kuchuluka kwa anawo. Ana ambiri, amachepetsa kulemera kwawo. Tsoka ilo, theka la iwo amwalira posachedwa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwawo kumakhala kosauka.
Ana amabadwa akhungu ndipo alibe chochita. Amafuna chisamaliro cha amayi nthawi zonse. Amuna, satenga nawo mbali pakulera, koma akangokwatirana amachotsedwa. Mu sabata yachiwiri ya moyo, makanda amatsegula maso awo ndikuyamba kuphunzira kuyenda. Mawanga a kittens amakhala osadziwika, amawonekera pambuyo pake, ali ndi chovala chakuda. Amakhala nayo yayitali komanso yofewa, ngakhale pali mawonekedwe a mane ndi ngayaye kumchira. Pambuyo pake, ubweya woyamba umagwa, ndipo khungu lowoneka limalowa m'malo mwake. Pofika miyezi inayi, anawo amakhala ofanana ndi achikulire, ochepa kukula kwake.
Nthawi yoyamwitsa imatha miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Achinyamata amayamba kusaka paokha pakadakwanitsa chaka chimodzi. Nthawi yonseyi amakhala ali pafupi ndi amayi awo, omwe amawadyetsa, ndipo amaphunzira kuchokera pa moyo wawo wachikulire, kuwonera ndi kusewera.
Adani achilengedwe a cheetah
Chithunzi: Cheetah yanyama
Sikovuta kwa nyalugwe kutchire, zolusa izi zili ndi adani ambiri pakati pa nyama zina zomwe zimakhala nawo limodzi. Sikuti amangodya nyama yawo, kuwamana chakudya chokhazikika, komanso amasokoneza ana awo.
Ana a Cheetah ali pangozi kulikonse. Mayi yekhayo amadzalera ndipo samatha kuwatsata mphindi iliyonse. Kupatula apo, muyenera kudzipezera chakudya chokha komanso mphaka wokulira. Pakadali pano atha kumenyedwa ndi mikango, afisi, akambuku.
Zowonongekazi nthawi zina sizimenya ana okha, komanso chifukwa cha njala zimathanso kumenya munthu wamkulu. Kuposa nyalugwe mwamphamvu ndi kukula kwake, amapha nyama.
Mbalame zodya nyama ndizoopsa - zimatha kugwira mwana wamphongo pomwepo ndikuuluka nazo. Mdani wamkulu wa cheetah ndi munthu. Ngati akufuna kumupha ndikuchotsa khungu, adzachitadi. Ubweya ndiwofunika kwambiri pamsika, umagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mafashoni, zovala ndi zamkati. Palinso alenje omwe amapha nyama zosowa kwambiri.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Akambuku ochokera ku Red Book
Cheetah asowa kwambiri. Ndi asayansi okha omwe angawone kuopsa kwa vutoli ndikuchepa kwa mitundu iyi. Yatsika kuchoka pa zana limodzi kufika pa zikwi khumi ndikupitilira kuchepa. Akadada akhala atalembedwa kale mu Red Book ngati nyama yomwe ili pachiwopsezo, koma International Union for Conservation of Nature yasintha izi ndikupereka lingaliro loti awaike kumapeto.
Tsopano chiwerengero cha anthu sichiposa 7100. Akambuku amaberekana bwino kwambiri akamangidwa. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti abwezeretse malo achilengedwe momwe angamve bwino ndikuberekanso. Amafunikira nyengo yapadera, kulowa mlendo, chinyama chimayamba kudwala. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri amatenga chimfine, pomwe amatha kufa.
Pali zifukwa zikuluzikulu ziwiri zakuchepa kwa mitunduyi:
- Kuphwanya malo achilengedwe a nyama ndi ulimi, zomangamanga, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kuchokera kuzinthu zomangamanga, zokopa alendo;
- Kupha nyama.
Kulonda akambuku
Chithunzi: Cheetah yanyama
Posachedwa, gawo lachilengedwe la akambuku lachepetsedwa kwambiri. Pofuna kuteteza nyamazi, akuyesayesa kuti madera ena asakhudzidwe ndi anthu ndi ntchito zawo, makamaka ngati kuchuluka kwa nyalugwe kulipo m'derali.
Ku United Arab Emirates, nthawi ina inali yotchuka kusunga nyamayi kunyumba. Komabe, ali mu ukapolo, samazika mizu konse, amamwalira ali achinyamata. Poyesera kupulumutsa nyama ku chilengedwe choyipa, adagwidwa, kunyamulidwa, kugulitsidwa, kuyesedwa. Koma zonsezi zinangowonjezera vutoli. Pakunyamula, nyamazo zimamwalira, ndipo malowo akasintha, moyo wawo umachepetsedwanso.
Asayansi ndi achitetezo adadodometsedwa ndi nkhaniyi ndipo adazindikira kuti nyama ziyenera kutetezedwa kuzisokonezo zilizonse, ngakhale kuti zingathandize. Njira yokhayo yosungira ndi kuthandiza anthu sikuti iwakhudze iwo ndi madera awo, momwe nyalugwe amakhala ndi kubereka.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 10.02.2019
Idasinthidwa: 16.09.2019 pa 15:28
