Xoloitzcuintli, kapena Sholoitzquintli (Xolo kapena Sholo) ndi imodzi mwazakale kwambiri, malinga ndi asayansi, mitundu yamitundu padziko lapansi. Mexico amadziwika ngati kwawo kwa nthumwi za mtundu uwu, kumene agalu amenewa lero ndi kunyada ndi chuma dziko.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Dzina la mtundu "Sholoitzcuintli" limachokera ku dzina la mulungu "Sholotl" komanso "Itscuintli", kutanthauza "galu waumulungu"... Chiyambi cha mtunduwu chakhazikika kwambiri m'mbiri ya Mexico, pomwe nyama zanyama za agalu zimapezeka m'malo amanda akale, komanso zifanizo zadongo - zithunzi za Scholoitzcuintle. Amwenyewa amayamikira kwambiri kukoma kwa nyama za agalu otere, ndipo oimira mtunduwo amadziwika kuti ndi amithenga apadziko lapansi a mulungu Sholotl.
Ntchito yayikulu ya Scholoitzcuintle inali kuperekeza mizimu ya akufa kuzipata zamtsogolo. Mmishonale wotchuka wa ku Franciscan, wachilengedwe komanso wolemba mbiri yakale Bernardino de Sahagun adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za omwe akuyimira mtundu wa Scholoitzcuintle.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pakadali pano, ku Mexico, kuli agalu a Sholo masauzande angapo opanda ubweya, ndipo oimira oyamba kubadwawo adabweretsedwa ku USSR mu 1986 kuchokera ku Cuba.
Kugonjetsa kwa Mexico ku Mexico kunadziwika ndi kuwonongedwa kwa Scholoitzcuintli, komwe nthawi zambiri kumadziwika kuti ndizopembedza zachikunja. Mofulumira kwambiri, a Scholo adasowa kwathunthu, koma kale mu 1954, Norman Pel Wright adayesetsa kupulumutsa mtunduwo. Kuti izi zitheke, Wright adapita pakatikati pa Mexico, komwe adayendera madera akutali kwambiri ndikuiwalika ndi midzi yaku India. Norman adakwanitsa kupeza agalu khumi ndi awiri ochokera ku Amwenye.
Zinali zotheka kubwezeretsa oimira amtunduwo mwachangu, motero, kale mu Meyi 1956, galu wamaliseche waku Mexico adadziwika bwino pachiwonetsero ku Mexico, ndipo patatha zaka zinayi Mexico Cynological Federation idalembetsa Shoo khumi ndi anayi. Patatha zaka zisanu, anthu aku Shoitzcuintle ku Mexico anali kale ndi anthu khumi ndi awiri opanda mbewa.
Kufotokozera kwa xoloitzcuintli
Chikhalidwe chofunikira, koma nthawi yomweyo, zachilendo za mtundu wa Sholo ndikosowa kwa tsitsi kwathunthu, komanso khungu losakhwima komanso losalala. Thupi la Scholoitzcuintle limadziwika ndi kufanana, chifuwa chotukuka bwino ndi chifuwa chachikulu, komanso miyendo yayitali ndi mchira. Mtunduwo umaperekedwa m'mitundu iwiri: agalu opanda agalu ndi agalu okutidwa ndi ubweya.
Ndizosangalatsa! Khungu la Sholo limawoneka lotentha kuposa la ubweya waubweya, womwe umafotokozedwa ndikubwerera kotentha kwa thukuta, ndipo thukuta limatulutsidwa ndi zikwangwani za paw ndi ziwalo zapakati.
Miyezo ya ziweto
Malinga ndi gulu la FCI, Scholo ndi wa gulu 5, lomwe limaphatikizapo Spitz ndi agalu oyambira, ndi kagulu 6, komwe kali ndi agalu achikulire osayesedwa. Makulidwe agalu atatu omwe akuyimiridwa ndi mtunduwo ayenera kukhala achisomo komanso olimba, olimba, owoneka bwino komanso amakona anayi.
Miyezo yovomerezeka yoveta:
- Chigoba chake ndi cholimba komanso chotakata, chowoneka ngati mphako, chokongola koma chowoneka moyang'ana kumphuno mukachiyang'ana kuchokera pamwamba;
- protuberance ya occipital siyodziwika kwambiri;
- mizere ya pamphuno ndi chigaza ili pafupi kufanana ndi mbiri;
- phazi limadziwika bwino, koma lowala;
- mtundu wa mphuno lobe umafanana ndi mtundu wa galu;
- Mphuno yake ndi yowongoka, ili ndi nsagwada zazikulu komanso zamphamvu kwambiri kumtunda ndi kumunsi;
- lilime limakhala la pinki nthawi zambiri, koma pamatha kukhala mabala akuda, mikwingwirima kapena mawanga;
- milomo yolimba ndi youma;
- incisors osinthasintha bwino ndikuluma lumo, zipilala zakumtunda zikulumikiza kwathunthu m'munsi;
- kwa mitundu yopanda ubweya, seti yathunthu yamkati imakondedwa;
- masaya osakula bwino;
- maso a sing'anga, mawonekedwe ofanana ndi amondi, okhala ndi mawu anzeru kwambiri komanso atcheru;
- Mtundu wamaso umadalira khungu ndipo umatha kukhala wakuda, wabulauni, hazel, amber kapena wachikaso;
- zikope zake zili ndi utoto wabwino, zakuda, zofiirira kapena zotuwa mwa agalu akuda, komanso pinki kapena khungu loyera mwa agalu owala;
- Makutu ndi akulu komanso atali, otanthauzira, mawonekedwe osangalatsa, okongola kwambiri komanso amatikumbutsa makutu amleme, tcheru, ofanana;
- khosi limakhala lokwera, losalala ndi louma, lopindika pang'ono, lalitali mofanana, losinthasintha komanso lochepa, lokongola kwambiri komanso lolimba;
- khungu m'khosi limakhala lolimba komanso lolimba, loyenera bwino, lopanda mame;
- Thupi lolimba, lokhala ndi mzere wolunjika bwino komanso wapamwamba, lalifupi komanso lolimba, lamphamvu kumbuyo, m'chiuno mwamphamvu;
- Mbiri ya croup imamangiriridwa pang'ono, kutsetsereka kopingasa pafupifupi madigiri 40;
- chifuwa chokwanira bwino, chosatuluka, chakuya komanso chachitali, kugwera m'zigongono, chokhala ndi nthiti pang'ono osatchulapo
- pamimba pamakhala mwamphamvu komanso modzikongoletsa, ndi mzere wokongoletsa;
- mchira ukugwedezeka, wopyapyala komanso wautali, kupezeka kwa tsitsi losaloledwa ndikololedwa mwa anthu amaliseche ndikuphimba kwathunthu ndi tsitsi la agalu aubweya;
- mapewa ndi olimba komanso owongoka;
- m'zigongono olimba ndi amphamvu, pafupi ndi chifuwa, popanda eversion kunja;
- ma pasterns ndi olimba komanso pafupifupi owoneka ngati zikopa;
- zala zakutsogolo ndizitali zazitali, zala zakuthwa zotsekedwa komanso zopindika, zokhala ndi mapadi olimba komanso osagonjetseka paliponse, komanso ndimakina ophatikizika ophatikizana;
- miyendo yakumbuyo ndi yamphamvu, yotukuka bwino komanso yolimba mwamphamvu, yokhala ndi ntchafu zolimba kwambiri komanso mawondo olumikizana bwino.
Galu amayenera kuyenda momasuka, mokweza, ndi mayendedwe ataliatali komanso othinana, ndipo thunthu liyenera kukhala lachangu komanso losalala, lokhala ndi mchira ndi mutu. Mitundu yopanda ubweya imadziwika ndi kusowa kwathunthu kwa tsitsi, woganizira kukhudza komanso yosalala mpaka kukhudza. Khungu la anthu opusa ndi lofewa, lokutidwa kwathunthu ndi ubweya.
Xolo kapena Sholo zimayimiriridwa ndi mitundu iyi:
- wakuda;
- grafiti;
- imvi;
- mdima wakuda;
- mutu wofiira;
- chiwindi;
- mkuwa;
- mbalame.
Ndizosangalatsa! Zosiyana pakati pa mtundu wa mini, sing'anga ndi zazikulu (muyezo) Sholo kapena Xolo, ndipo pogonana, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa anthu kumawoneka mthupi: amuna amafupikitsa pang'ono kuposa akazi.
Mosasamala mtundu waukulu, kupezeka kwa mawanga amtundu uliwonse kumaloledwa, kuphatikiza zilembo zoyera. Makulidwe azimuna ndi zazing'ono za "mulingo woyenera" ndi masentimita 46-60. Kutalika komwe kumafota kwa nyama zapakatikati kumasiyana pakati pa masentimita 36-45.
Khalidwe la galu, machitidwe
Scholoitzcuintles ndi agalu odekha komanso odekha opanda zisonyezo zakukwiya. Wosangalala kwambiri, wotchera komanso wowona mwachangu, atha kukhala wokayikira alendo, chifukwa chake amayenera kukhala mgulu la alonda abwino komanso anzawo abwino.
Xolo akumva bwino momwe mwini wake alili, komanso amatha kusintha mosavuta momwe nyumba ilili. Monga lamulo, galu wamtunduwu amasankha m'modzi yekha, koma amalekerera mamembala onse a banja, kuphatikiza ana ang'ono ndi ziweto zapakatikati.
Utali wamoyo
Potsatira malamulo okhwima, njira zonse zodzitetezera, komanso kusankha zakudya zabwino kwambiri, chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wa Xoloitzcuintle chimasiyanasiyana mkati mwa zaka 15-20, chomwe ndi chisonyezo chabwino cha agalu.
Xoloitzcuintle okhutira
Sholo, kapena Xoloitzcuintle, ali mgulu lamitundu yosavomerezeka, chifukwa chake safuna akatswiri kapena chisamaliro chapadera. Akamakula, ndizachilengedwe kusintha kadyedwe, kuchuluka kwa katundu, komanso kuphunzitsa chiweto chotere. Ndikofunikira kuwunika mosamalitsa ukhondo ndi zizindikiritso zaumoyo wa chiweto. Mwambiri, malinga ndi eni ake a Xolo, vuto ndi galu wotere ndilopanda mitundu ina iliyonse.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Oimira a Xoloitzcuintle opanda tsitsi alibe tsitsi lomwe limafunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi kuphatikiza, koma khungu la chiweto chamiyendo inayi limafunikira chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Xoloitzcuintles amakhala okangalika komanso othamanga, omwe amatha kuyambitsa zipsera, mikwingwirima ndi mabala pakhungu. Kuphatikiza apo, chinyama chimatha kudetsa, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kusamba, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi khungu louma kuchokera ku shampu, sopo kapena kuyanika.
Khungu louma kwambiri la Sholo limatha kupweteketsa chiweto, chifukwa chake, osayendera madzi pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kupukuta khungu la galu ndi mafuta apadera.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi vitamini E kapena mafuta amondi, omwe amagawidwa mofananamo mthupi la galu. M'chaka, musanayende, khungu la chiweto chamiyendo inayi liyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi kirimu chapadera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Oimira amaliseche amtunduwu amafunika kugula tumphuka tomwe tidzagwiritsidwe ntchito masiku achisanu ozizira kwambiri poyenda.
Makutu a nyama ndi osakhwima kwambiri ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera, chomwe chiyenera kuyambitsidwa kuyambira zaka zitatu, zomwe zimatsimikizira malo awo oyenera. Ngati ndi kotheka, pulasitala womatira mankhwala akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza makutu kumtunda. Makutu ndi maso amatsukidwa pokhapokha atakhala odetsedwa, ndi zothetsera zapadera kapena madzi otentha owiritsa. Zikhadabo zimafunika kumetedwa ndi zikhadabo za agalu, pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi. Mano amatsuka tsiku lililonse, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, galu amapatsidwa chakudya choyeretsera kapena kuchiritsa.
Zakudya, zakudya
Xoloitzcuintle, pamodzi ndi galu wina aliyense, amafunikira mapuloteni okwanira, mavitamini ndi mchere. Komabe, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mano ena, komanso chizolowezi chachilengedwe cha galu poyizoni wazakudya, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzisamala kwambiri chakudya chamagulu cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Zakudya za galu wotere ziyenera kukhala zachilengedwe kwathunthu, popanda kupezeka kwa zoteteza kapena utoto pakuphatikizika.
Chakudya cham'chitini chonyowa bwino komanso chosakanikirana bwino ndichabwino kwambiri kudyetsa Xoloitzcuintle. Pofuna kulimbitsa nsagwada, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzidyetsa galu wanu wolimba komanso wonyezimira kwambiri galu. Ngati Xolo ali ndi mano athunthu, komanso ngati kulibe ma premolars, ndizotheka kutsatira njira yodyetsera.
Opanga akunja ena pano akupanga mitundu yazakudya za agalu, zomwe zimapangidwira Xoloitzcuintle. Ndizoletsedwa kudyetsa chiweto chamiyendo inayi kuchokera patebulo, chomwe chimafotokozedwa osati kokha ndi gawo lomwe analeredwa ndi agalu, komanso kusamalira thanzi la Xolo. Katswiri wazachipatala adzakuthandizani kusankha chakudya choyenera cha chiweto chanu.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Poganizira kuti kusankhidwa kwa mtundu wa Xoloitzcuintle kunachitika mwachilengedwe, popanda zosokoneza zakunja, agalu amphongo ali ndi thanzi labwino. Matenda obadwa nawo amaphatikizapo:
- dermatitis chifukwa cha zakudya zosayenera kapena chisamaliro;
- thupi lawo siligwirizana;
- chiopsezo chovulala pakhungu;
- Matenda a Lagga-Calva-Perthes, omwe amafanana ndi mawonetseredwe azachipatala ndi zizindikilo za m'chiuno dysplasia ndi zotupa pafupipafupi za gawo limodzi.
Zofooka zamtunduwu zitha kuperekedwa:
- mutu wotambalala kwambiri;
- khungu lakuda, lofooka, kapena lamakwinya mwa akulu;
- mame ochulukirapo;
- maso owala kwambiri, ozungulira kapena otupa;
- arched (Lordosis) kapena convex (kyphosis) kubwerera;
- beveled croup;
- kubereka ng'ombe;
- mchira wopindika mwamphamvu ukugwera kumbuyo;
- mchira waufupi;
- zofewa;
- thupi lalitali lopapatiza lokhala ndi miyendo yayifupi.
Kuyimitsa zoyipa kumaphatikizanso mantha ndiukali, mawonekedwe owonekera komanso kupatuka kwakuthupi. Agalu odabwitsa, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la khungu kapena ogontha, sakuyenera. Agalu okhala ndi pakamwa mopyapyala kapena pakamwa pamoto, osatanthauzira molakwika nsagwada, kuluma kofooka (kofooka), lilime lopuwala, makutu odulidwa kapena opachika, mchira wawufupi kapena wodulidwa saloledwa kuwonetsa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kusakhala ndi mpweya wochepa komanso kupuma mwachangu ndichinthu chosiyana ndi mtundu wa Xoloitzcuintle.
Komanso kusayenerera ndi maso a buluu kapena amitundu yambiri, maalubino, wamtali ndi wamfupi, ndi chovala chilichonse kupatula chosalala kapena chachifupi. Kupezeka kwa ma incisors, mayini, ma premolars, ma molars mu Xoloitzcuintle, kapena mano osawunikiridwa salangidwa, popeza agalu ambiri alibe mizu yokwanira ya mano. Chibadwa, kusowa kwa tsitsi kumayenderana kwambiri ndi kusapezeka kwa mano.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Oyimira onse a mtundu wa Xoloitzcuintle amadziwika kuti ndi anzeru kwambiri ndipo amakhala otseguka kuti azilumikizana ndi agalu awo, chifukwa chake ziweto zamiyendo inayi sizovuta kuphunzitsa komanso kosavuta kuphunzitsa malamulo osiyanasiyana. Komabe, eni ake a Xolo akuyenera kuwonetsa kulimba, kupirira komanso mikhalidwe ya utsogoleri pakuphunzira ndi kuphunzitsa. Kupanda kutero, chiwopsezo cha zovuta zamakhalidwe agalu chimakulirakulira.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa ndewu za Xoloitzcuintle ndi ziweto zina kapena agalu, zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi zipsera zingapo zosakopa pakhungu losakhwima lomwe silikhala ndi tsitsi.
Xoloitzcuintles mwachilengedwe ndi anzeru kwambiri, komanso amakumbukira bwino, chifukwa chake kudziwa malamulo osavuta kuchokera ku maphunziro sikubweretsa zovuta. Ndikofunikira kuyamba kuphunzitsa ndikulera chiweto chamiyendo inayi kuyambira pachinyamata.
Xolo ayenera kuzolowera malo ake ndi dzina lake m'masiku oyamba atasintha. Oyimira mwamakhalidwe athunthu pamtunduwu akhoza kukhala tsoka lenileni. Galu wotereyu amadziwika ndi khalidwe losalamulirika komanso chidwi chambiri, chomwe chitha kuvulaza chiweto chomwe.
Gulani Xoloitzcuintle
Wamaliseche ku Mexico ndi galu wosowa kwambiri mdziko lathu, chifukwa chake iwo omwe akufuna kupeza chiweto cha Xoloitzcuintle nthawi zambiri amapita kuzipatala zakunja kuti akawathandize.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Mukasankha kennel kapena woweta, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa momwe agalu oswana ndi ana awo amasungidwa.... Ndikulimbikitsanso kuti mudziwane ndi makolo a mwana wagalu yemwe mwasankha, kuti muwone momwe amachitira agalu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe ndi kagalu ka Xolo komwe. Nyama iyenera kukhala yofuna kudziwa zambiri osati yamantha, yogwira, koma osati yaukali, yokhala ndi chilakolako chabwino, komanso kunja komwe kumagwirizana ndi mtunduwo.Agalu aang'ono a Xoloitzcuintle amakhala ndi khola m'khosi, omwe amatha msinkhu wa anthu oyera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi thanzi la Xolo sizingadziwike mpaka atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri, chifukwa kuwonekera kwawo kumalumikizidwa nthawi zambiri ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa chiweto.
Khalidwe la mwana wagalu limatengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza kubadwa, komanso maphunziro, maphunziro, komanso kucheza kwakanthawi komanso koyenera. Ana agalu okhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino amasiyanitsidwa ndi masewera achibadwa, sawopseza abale awo, koma musawabisalire pakona.
Zowonongeka zodziwikiratu zitha kuyimilidwa ndi mimba yotupa, kukanda pakhungu, kutulutsa m'makutu kapena mphuno, ndi maso amadzi. Ndikofunikira kuwunika kamwana kamwana ka Xoloitzcuintle, ndikuwunika mosamala kuluma, mano ndi nkhama, komanso onetsetsani kuti palibenso cholembera palilime. Kwa aliyense, ngakhale kukayikira ngakhale pang'ono za thanzi la mwana wagalu, muyenera kukana kugula.
Mtengo wagalu wagalu
Mtengo wapakati wa ana agalu a Xoloitzcuintle amakhala pakati pa 15-20 mpaka 50 zikwi za ruble, koma amatha kukhala apamwamba kwambiri. Pakukhala mitengo ya oimira mtunduwo, zaka za nyama, kalasi yake, mawonekedwe akunja, mtundu wawo ndi zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Ndemanga za eni
Agalu a Xoloitzcuintle samangokhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso oseketsa, komanso amakhala ndi mbiri yoteteza mizimu yoyipa. M'dziko lathu, oimira mtunduwu adawoneka posachedwa, koma adakwanitsa kupambana chisomo cha obereketsa agalu.
Malinga ndi omwe ali ndi Xolo, agalu achikulire amtunduwu amakonda kukhala odekha ndipo amakonda kukhala kutali ndi alendo, kwinaku akumayang'anitsitsa achibale awo. Kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku kapena masewera olimba amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zazing'ono zamiyendo inayi zolimbitsa thupi, ndipo nthawi yonseyi, agalu otere amakonda kupumula m'malo awo kapena pafupi ndi eni ake.
Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa Xoloitzcuintle ndi wamtundu wopanda mavuto mikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe chawo, ziweto zamiyendo inayi zotere zimafunikira kuyanjana koyambirira komanso maphunziro oyenera. Ziweto zosakhala bwino zimatha kukhala ankhanza kwa alendo kapena nyama... Chifuniro champhamvu chokha, komanso dzanja lamanja, ndi zomwe zingalolere kukweza galu waulemu komanso womvera, wokhulupirika komanso wokhulupirika kwa mwini wake.
