Kulan kapena bulu waku Asia

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Kulan ndi imodzi mwanjira zamtchire za abulu. Ndizochokera kubanja la equine, limafanana ndi mitundu ya abulu amtchire aku Africa, komanso mbidzi ndi akavalo osiyanasiyana. Ambiri amakhulupirira mpaka pano kuti nyama zamtunduwu sizinayambe zawongoleredwa ndi anthu.

Kufotokozera kwa kulan

Pali mitundu yambiri yayikulu ya kulan, yomwe ofufuza amakhalabe ndi kusagwirizana.... Mitundu yambiri yazinyama izi ndi:

  • Onagr (Iran kulan), amakhala mdera lakumpoto kwa Iran;
  • Mitundu ya ku Turkmen, yomwe imagawidwa ku Kazakhstan ndi Turkmenistan;
  • Mongolian kulan akukhala ku Mongolia;
  • Ma subspecies aku India, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Iran, Pakistan, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India;
  • Qiang, wamba kumadzulo kwa China ndi Tibet.

Mwa ma subspecies onse, kiang amakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, komwe thupi lake limatha kufika pafupifupi 400 kg.

Kulan maonekedwe

Ndi mtundu wakale wamahatchi womwe umafanana ndi bulu. Kutalika kwa thupi kumatha kufikira mita ziwiri, ndipo kutalika kwake kumafota mpaka masentimita 150. Kulemera kwa thupi la nyama iyi ndi pafupifupi 200-300 kg. Ili ndi miyendo yopyapyala, ziboda zazitali zazitali, ndi mchira wawung'ono (mpaka 40 cm), womwe umatha ndi ngayaye. Mtundu wa nyama umasinthasintha: kuyambira mtundu wamchenga mpaka bulauni yakuda.

Pali kulocha imvi. Pakati ponse kumbuyo pakati pa midline pali mzere, womwe umaimiridwa ndi mitundu yakuda. Mawondo owongoka, kuyambira kumakutu mpaka kufota, mchira ndi nsonga zamakutu zimakhala zakuda, pomwe mbali yakumunsi ya thupi, khosi, mutu, komanso malo ofananira ndi thupi la kulan ndi owala. Alibe mabesi ofanana ndi akavalo oweta.

Ndizosangalatsa! Subpecies ya kulans atha kusiyanasiyana. Nyama zomwe zimakhala m'malo omwe ali kumapiri ndizocheperako ndipo zimakhala ndi utoto wowala. Miyendo yawo ndi yaifupi, mitu yawo ndi yaying'ono, ndi makutu awo ndi akulu. Amafanana kwambiri ndi abulu wamba. Akulani omwe amakhala kuzidikha ndi okulirapo, amakhala ndi miyendo yayitali ndipo amawoneka ngati akavalo, masabata ngati abulu.

M'chilimwe, mzere waubweya ndi waufupi, woyenera khungu; m'nyengo yozizira, tsitsili limakhala lalitali komanso lotopetsa.

Khalidwe ndi moyo

Ndi nyama yang'ombe, ng'ombe zimatha kufikira mitu 10-20. Mtsogoleri wa gululi ndi wamkazi wamkulu, ena onse ndi achichepere... Mzimayi wodziwa bwino amatsogolera gulu lonse kumbuyo kwake, pomwe wamphongo amakhala patali, akuyang'ana malo ozungulira ndikuteteza gulu lonselo. Nthawi zambiri, gulu lonse limayendayenda m'malo ndi mapazi, koma pakakhala ngozi yadzidzidzi, kulan imatha kufikira liwiro la 60-70 km / h.

Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, amasiyana ndi kupirira kwawo - amatha kupirira mayendedwe oterewa kwa mphindi 5-10, zomwe zimawapatsa mwayi woti abisala kwa omwe akufuna zoipa. Kuphatikiza apo, amasiyananso pakulumpha kwabwino. Sikovuta kuti kulan adumphe mpaka kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka, ndikudumpha kuchokera kumtunda wokulirapo - 2.5 m. Mtsogoleri m'modzi amatha kuteteza gulu lankhondo pafupifupi zaka 10 motsatizana. Koma popita nthawi, sangatenge malowa ndipo anyamata achichepere komanso olimba amatenga. Yaimuna yam'mbuyomu imakhala yotayika m'gululi.

Nthawi zambiri kulan si nyama zopanda vuto, yogwira ntchito komanso yoyenda, koma pamakhala nthawi zina pomwe zimawoneka zowopsa kwambiri. Chitsanzo chotere ndi ndewu zamphongo zomwe zimachitika nthawi yakumasirana. Amuna amaima ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, adina makutu awo, nsagwada zawo, ndipo maso awo amakhala ofiira. Amuna amphongo amaphimba mdani wawo ndi mapazi awo, potero amayesera kuwagwetsera pansi, kutafuna ziwalozo ndi mano awo mofananamo ndi cholinga chowawononga. Pankhondoyi, munthu akhoza kuvulala kwambiri, koma sikubwera mwazi.

Ndizosangalatsa! Kulans ndi amtendere pafupifupi pafupifupi onse oimira nyama. Amapereka mivi kuti ikoke ubweya kuchokera kufota kuti amange zisa. Agalu ndi nkhosa sizimakonda kwenikweni. A Kulans amawazunza nthawi zambiri.

Pakakhala ngozi yomwe ikuyandikira, yamphongo imapereka chidziwitso chodziwitsa gulu lonse. Kulira kwawo kuli kofanana ndi kwa bulu wamba woweta. A Kulans ali ndi zida zawo zomvera, kumva kununkhiza, komanso maso owoneka bwino, omwe amawalola kuti awone adaniwo patali kwambiri. Nyama izi sizimakonda moyo wongobwerekera konse. Kupumula kwawo pamalo opingasa kumatha kupitilira maola awiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira - osaposa theka la ora. Nthawi yotsala omwe akolane amathera pamapazi awo.

Ndi ma kulani angati omwe amakhala

Pofika zaka zinayi, a kulan amakhala atakwanitsa nthawi yawo yakugonana. Nthawi yonse ya moyo wawo ndi pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri.

Malo okhala ndi malo okhala

Malo okhala a kulans ndi Central Asia. Kumpoto kwake, amapezeka m'zigawo za Turkmenistan ndi Kazakhstan, kumadzulo - pafupi ndi Iran, ndipo kum'mawa amapezeka ku Mongolia ndi China. Amakhala kumadera okhaokha am'chipululu komanso a chipululu, omwe amapezeka kumapiri komanso kumapiri omwe ali pafupi ndi mitsinje yaku Asia.

Ndizosangalatsa! Pakadali pano, kupezeka kwa anthu akunja kudera la Afghanistan akufotokozedwa.

Ndi kawirikawiri kupeza nyama izi m'nkhalango zamitengo ndi zomera zina zomwe zimasokoneza malingaliro awo. Amayesetsa kupewa malo oterewa. Komanso pewani malo opanda mchenga wolimba kapena opanda zingwe. M'dera la Russia, malo awo ndi gawo lakumwera kwa Transbaikalia ndi Western Siberia.

Zakudya za Kulan

Kumbali ya chakudya, ndiwodzichepetsa kwambiri. Amadya zomera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimamera mchigwa, m'chipululu komanso m'chipululu.... Ngakhale mizu, zipatso zouma ndi nsonga za shrub zimawapatsa ngati chakudya. M'nyengo yozizira, pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kuthyola chivundikirocho ndikuphwanya ayezi.

Chofunikira kwa iwo ndi dzenje lothirira. Ndi malo amadzi omwe amatsimikizira malo ake. Koma ngakhale m'madzi, samawonetsa zomwe amakonda - amatha kumwa madzi owawa komanso amchere.

Kubereka ndi ana

Nyengo yobereketsa imayamba kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Pakadali pano, yamphongo, yomwe nthawi zambiri inali patali ndi gulu la ziweto, imamuyandikira, imakopa chidwi cha akazi mwakugwera pansi m'fumbi, ndikupukuta nthaka ndi mapazi ake, potero akuwonetsa kuti ali okonzeka kukhala pachibwenzi. Akazi, omwe ali okonzeka kukwatira, amamupatsa yankho lawo, lomwe limafotokozedwa mwa kuluma yamphongo ikafota. Mwa ichi akuwonetsa kuti ali wokonzeka kubereka.

Kuphatikiza apo, pambuyo pa kulumikizana pakati pawo, njira yolumikizirana imachitika mu nyama, zomwe zimathera ndi pakati pa mkazi. Nthawi ya bere mu kulans imatenga nthawi yayitali. Mimba imakhala pafupifupi miyezi 12, pambuyo pake kubereka kumachitika ndipo mwana wamphongo amabadwa. Mwana asanabadwe, mkaziyo amasamuka m'gulu la ziweto ndipo amakhala patali kuti ateteze mwana wake ku nyama zina akabereka.

Ng'ombeyo imadzuka phazi lake atangobadwa ndipo imatha kuyenda payokha. Kwa masiku 2-3 amagona m'malo obisika, momwe samawoneka ndi nyama zina, kenako amalowa nawo gulu. Poyamba, mkazi amamudyetsa mkaka, mbidziyo imayamba kunenepa. Kulemera kwakanthawi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 700 patsiku. Ngati mwana ali ndi njala, ndiye kuti amadziwitsa amayi za izi.

Ndizosangalatsa! Mwana wamphongo, yemwe adabadwa sabata imodzi yapitayo, ali kale wokhoza kuthamangitsa kuthamanga kwake mpaka 40 km / h.

Kutsekereza njira yake, kupukusa mutu wake, kukwapula fumbi ndi mapazi ake, samamulola kuti atenge gawo limodzi. Mayi akagona, ndiye kuti mbidziyo imatha kupeza njira yodziyimira payokha yopita mkaka wa m'mawere. Kutalika kwa kudyetsa mwana ndi pafupifupi miyezi 10. Pakadali pano, pang'onopang'ono amayamba kuphatikizira zakudya zina, zomwe amafunika kudya pamoyo wake wonse. Achichepere samalandira ana m'gulu lawo, chifukwa chake, amayesetsa m'njira iliyonse kuti alume ndikuwakhumudwitsa, koma makolo omvera amateteza mwana wawo nthawi zonse, potero amapulumutsa moyo wawo.

Adani achilengedwe

Mdani wamkulu wa kulans ndiye nkhandwe... Nyama yokhayo yokhayo yomwe imatha kupikisana ndi kulan onse mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu. Zidazi zimawatopetsa ndi kufunafuna kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo zikafika pagulu la ziwetozo, zimamenya nyama yofooka kwambiri. Mtundu wosankhidwa mwachilengedwe. Ana aang'ono ndi phindu la afisi.

Nthawi zambiri, m'nyengo yozizira, kulan amafa chifukwa chosowa chakudya, chifukwa amavulaza miyendo ikasweka. M'mbuyomu, kusaka nyama izi kunali kuchitidwa, koma tsopano wataya kufunikira kwake chifukwa chakuchepa kwakukulu malo awo okhala.

Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi

Nyama yamtunduwu yatchulidwa mu International Red Book, komanso imatetezedwa ndi mayiko ambiri.

Kulana amapezeka m'malo ambiri otetezedwa, malo osungira nyama, malo osungira nyama zamtchire. Amazolowera anthu mwachangu komanso mwachangu, amakhala ochezeka nawo, koma samakhala omwenso, komanso samabwereketsa zoweta. Kugwidwa si cholepheretsa kuswana kwawo.

Ndizosangalatsa! M'chilengedwe, masensa apadera amalumikizidwa ndi kulans kuti awunikire ntchito yawo yofunika.

Mayiko ambiri ali ndi mapulogalamu obwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa nyamazi.

Kanema wokhudza kulan

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Onerani kanemayo: Waku Waku Japan Jhorror (November 2024).