Swift ndi mbalame yomwe imapezeka pafupifupi kumadera onse padziko lapansi. Simudzawapeza kupatula ku Antarctica, kumwera kwa Chile ndi Argentina, New Zealand ndi ambiri aku Australia. Ngakhale kufalikira kumeneku, anthu wamba samadziwa zambiri za iwo.
Kufotokozera kwa kusinthana
Anthu okhala m'mizinda ndi m'midzi akhala akuzolowera kwanthawi yayitali. Simudzadabwitsa aliyense ndikupezeka kwa mbalamezi m'misewu. M'mayiko ena amapatsidwa dzina lotchedwa "ma hustler nthenga". Ngakhale zili choncho, wothamanga ndi mbalame yachilendo kwambiri. Banja la swifts lili ndi mitundu yopitilira 16mkati. Amafanana kwambiri ndi akameza, ngakhale si abale awo. Kameza ndi wa banja lodutsa. Koma kunja kwake, kuphunzira mosamalitsa kokha kumathandiza kupeza kusiyana pakati pa mbalame ziwirizi. Ma swifts ali ndi mapiko okulirapo, motero samangoyenda pang'ono.
Ndizosangalatsa!Ma swifts ndi chiwonetsero cha zozizwitsa za mlengalenga. Kusunthika kwawo kwachilendo kumachitika chifukwa chakuti amatha kumenya mwachangu ndi phiko limodzi kuposa linzake louluka. Mapiko akumenyedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana amalola kuti othamanga azitha kutembenuka mosachedwa. Izi zimathandiza kuthamangitsa tizilombo popanga bwalo kuti ligwire ntchentcheyo.
Mbalame zing'onozing'ono zotere zimatha kuuluka pafupifupi 170 km / h, pomwe kameza wamba amadutsa liwiro la 80 km / h. Mapangidwe apadera a mapiko amalola zotsatira zabwino. Chifukwa cha iye, mapikowo ali ndi kusinthasintha kwapadera komanso kuyendetsa bwino ndege. Wothamanga akhoza kukhala mlengalenga kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mwa njira - mbalamezi zimatha kuphatikizana zili kumwamba.
Maonekedwe
Ma swifts ali ndi mutu waukulu, kukula kwa thupi ndi 10-25 cm, kulemera, kutengera mitundu, kuyambira 45 mpaka 180 g.Amakhala ndi mlomo wakuthwa, koma wamfupi. Maso ali ndi mtundu wakuda. Mapiko othamanga ndi opindika komanso otalika, mchirawo ndi fork, wautali komanso wowongoka.
Ngakhale ali ndi mapiko amphamvu ngati amenewo, wothamanga ali ndi miyendo yaying'ono kwambiri komanso yofooka. Zala ndi zazifupi ndi zikhadabo yaitali kuloza kutsogolo. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, achinyamata nthawi zambiri amalephera kukwera mlengalenga kuchokera pamwamba. Koma mbali inayi, kapangidwe ka zala kamawathandiza kumamatira kumphepete mwa matanthwe otsetsereka.
Nthenga za wotchera zili ndi mdima wakuda ndi utoto wofiirira. Komabe, kusinthana ndi lamba wa nthenga zoyera nthawi zambiri kumapezeka. Nthenga zoyera zimathanso kupezeka pachifuwa cha mbalame, mchira, mbali yamkati ya khosi komanso pamphumi. Zikuwoneka ngati zosatheka kudziwa kugonana kwa othamanga, ngakhale atayang'anitsitsa. Palibe kusiyana pamawonekedwe azimayi ndi amuna.
Ndi mbalame zamtundu wakuda wakuda zomwe zimakonda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka akuyenda m'mapaki amzindawu, ndikumveka kulira kwa likhweru. Nthawi yomweyo, madera akum'mawa akuswa zolemba za anthu ena, mizere yoyera. Zinthu zilinso chimodzimodzi m'maiko ena. Kusiyanitsa kwamitundu pambali, mbalame zamitunduyi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Ma swifts amadziwika ngati ma swifts... Mitundu yoposa 85 yamtunduwu yadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Pakati pawo pali onse amangokhala ndi mitundu osamuka. Amakhala m'matumba nthawi zambiri, ngakhale amakonda kukhala pagulu laling'ono. Madera othamanga amatha kukula mpaka masauzande angapo. Amakhala moyo wokangalika, amakhala maso kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo.
M'mbuyomu, ma swifts adakhazikika m'mapanga m'mitengo ikuluikulu. Iwo sakadali ndi nkhawa zotere motere ku Scotland ndi Abernathy Forest. Masiku ano pafupifupi swifts onse amakhala m'midzi pansi pa denga la nyumba zakale. Zinthu zazikulu zolumikizira nyumba ndi malovu awo. Ndi vuto lodziwika bwino la salivary, amatha kupanga ntchofu zambiri
Wothamanga amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji
Kutchire, othamanga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 5 ndi theka.
Mitundu yama swifts
Pali mitundu yambiri yama swifts. Chofala kwambiri mwa izi ndi wakuda wotchera. Ali ndi mwayi wopitilira muyeso, popeza ndiye woyimira yekhayo amene anganyamuke pamalo athyathyathya, kuchokera pansi. Amatha kulumpha pang'ono pamapazi ake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kupukusa mapiko ake moyenera. Kuimba kwa wakuda wotchera kufanizidwa ndi nyimbo zabwino.
Ndizosangalatsa!Kutalika kwa thupi kwa avareji wokhazikika ayenera kufika masentimita 32. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri mwa oimira onse. Kuthamanga kofulumira kumakonzekera moyo wamapiri, pamtunda wa mita zikwi ndi theka pamwamba pa nyanja. Mutu wake umakongoletsedwa ndi ndevu zazitali, zokongola komanso nsidze zoyera.
Kutalika kwa thupi kwa singano wothamanga kumasiyana pakati pa 19 mpaka 22 cm, m'lifupi mwa mapiko otambasulidwa kuyambira 48 mpaka 55 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake kumayambira 100 mpaka 175 g. Kutalika kwakukulu kwamapiko ndi 21 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 140. Mbali yakumunsi ya thupi lake yajambulidwa mdima mthunzi, ndipo pamwamba pake pali nthangala zofiirira.
Mapiko akuda amadziwika ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Mutu ndi mmero zimakutidwa ndi nthenga zoyera. Amakhala nthawi zambiri m'malo amitengo, obisalira m'mapanga a mitengo. Zowalamulira nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mazira 3-6.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Amathera nyengo yawo yozizira kumwera kwa Sahara. Mbalame zamabandezi zaku Britain zapezeka ku Congo Basin, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique ndi South Africa. Pakadali pano, palibe chidziwitso chodalirika chazomwe mbalame zimagwiritsa ntchito nyengo yachisanu.
Zakudya zam'madzi
Mbali yapadera ya nyamazi ndizodalira kwambiri nyengo, nyengo zakunja.... Kusala kudya kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kutsitsa kutentha kwa thupi la mbalameyi kufika pa 20 digiri Celsius. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona momwe mbalamezo zimagwera mumtundu wa torpor.
Amathamanga mlengalenga, motero amatha kugwira tizilombo tomwe timauluka ndi milomo yawo, ngati ukonde wa gulugufe. Ma swifts ndi mbalame zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kutenga chakudya kuchokera ku mphamba womwewo.
Ngati chakudya sichipezeka, wothamanga atha kulowa munthawi yochepa ya masiku 2-10, kudikirira nyengo yabwino. Izi "zodula moyo" zitha kuchitika osati ndi kusinthana kwachikulire, komanso ndi anapiye ang'ono.
Ana amatha "kugona" mpaka masiku 8-9, pomwe abale awo okalamba ndi makolo amasiya chisa kukafunafuna chakudya. Monga lamulo, ma swifts amapita kunyengo yozizira kumadera ofunda mu Ogasiti. Koma makamaka zimadalira nyengo yakunja. Kuletsa kwawo posaka chakudya kwanthawi yayitali kumatchedwa kusamukira nyengo.
Kubereka ndi ana
Ma swift amatha kukhala m'mizinda ndi m'matawuni, komanso kumapiri, nkhalango ndi zipululu. Kusankha malo okhala ndi mbalamezi kumatha kukhala kosiyanasiyana. Amatha "kumanga" nyumba panthambi zamitengo, m'mabowo, pansi pamadenga a nyumba komanso m'mabowo adothi.
Chisa chomwecho chimamangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimachokera ku mbalamezi. Nthawi yakumanga ikafika, ma swifts amalephera kunyamula masamba, timitengo, kapena dothi, monganso mbalame zina.
Mwa zinthuzi padzakhala ulusi wamtundu uliwonse, nthenga, nthambi zazing'ono zomwe mbalameyo imatha kubweretsa, ikunyamula pa ntchentche. Zimatenga masiku pafupifupi 7 kuti mumange nyumba imodzi, koma chaka chilichonse ikatha nyengo yachisanu amabwerera kunyumba kwawo.
Ndizosangalatsa!Swifts ndi okondana okondana okhaokha. Wokondedwa m'banja amasankhidwa kamodzi kwatha. Moyo wampweyawu umatanthauza kuti amathandizana ngakhale ntchentche.
Pakati pa ana, mkazi amakhala m'mazira. Pakadali pano, bambo wamtsogolo, monga wopezera chakudya weniweni, akufuna chakudya cha mayi wamtsogolo ndi chake. Nthawi yoswetsa mazira imakhala pafupifupi masiku 15-22.
Kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kumadalira kupezeka kwa chakudya. Mtundu waukulu wa mazira mu clutch ndi woyera. Chiwerengero chawo chimasiyanasiyana zidutswa 1 mpaka 4. Kuyambira panthaŵi yakubadwa, anapiye amakhala m’chisa cha makolo kwa masiku pafupifupi 39. Kutalika kwa nthawi imeneyi kumadalira nyengo.
Adani achilengedwe
Ma swifts alibe adani achilengedwe ambiri. Izi zimakhudza mitundu yonse yazosunthira padziko lapansi. Mdani wamkulu wowopsa ndi mdani ndiye mbalame yokonda. Nthawi zina mdani wa mbalame zopanda chitetezo ndi munthu mwini.
Mwachitsanzo, izi zikuchitika kumwera kwa mayiko aku Europe. Amakhulupirira pamenepo kuti mnofu wa mbalame zazing'ono zamtunduwu uli ndi kukoma kwabwino komanso mikhalidwe yabwino. Chifukwa chake, anthu akumatauni nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nyumba zokopa nyambo zosayembekezeka.
Ndizosangalatsa!Nyumbayo idakonzedwa mochenjera kotero kuti mutha kulowa mkati. Alenje oyipa amadikirira mpaka anapiye ochokera m'mazirawo atakhala olimba kuti atha kusiya chisa cha kholo lawo, ndipo atatsala pang'ono kupita nawo kukaphika ndikudya pambuyo pake.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti mbalame zina zodya nyama zigwire msanga, chifukwa sizimangowuluka mwachangu kwambiri, koma sizigwira pansi. Ma swifts amathanso kuopsezedwa munthawi yosamukira nyengo.
Akasiyidwa osasamaliridwa, ana awo amatha kudyedwa ndi makoswe anjala. Izi zimachitika makamaka ngati zisa za swifts zili ndi nyumba zodyeramo mbalame kapena mabowo amitengo. Komanso, kusinthasintha kwamatawuni kumwalira chifukwa chakumangidwanso kwa nyumba zakale. Atabwerera m'nyengo yozizira, samapeza zisa zawo ndipo amafa chifukwa cha kuzizira.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Vuto lakugwira ndikuwononga ma swifts siziwoneka ngati zoopsa. Komabe, pali malo okonzanso mbalamezi padziko lonse lapansi. Anapiye omwe agwa mchisa nthawi zambiri amafika kumeneko, nthawi zambiri nyengo yamvula. Anthu amazinyamula, koma ndizosatheka kudyetsa mbalameyi kunyumba.
