Nsombazi zimawononga malingaliro onse onena za adani owopsa am'madzi apansi pamadzi. Siowopsa kwa munthu ndipo samamukonda kwambiri kuposa momwe alili. Ndipo munthu wazindikira kwanthawi yayitali wokhala munyanja, osati ngati abale ake owopsa. Ndipo adampatsa mayina osiyanasiyana - "shark-cat", "shark-nurse", "mustachioed shark", "carpet shark". Chifukwa chakuchuluka kwamatanthauzidwe, panali ngakhale chisokonezo.
Anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Caribbean adatcha ma shark amtunduwu "cat shark". M'chilankhulo chakomweko, dzinali limamveka ngati "nuss", lomwe khutu la amalinyero olankhula Chingerezi lidamveka ngati "namwino" - namwino, namwino. Kodi nchifukwa ninji nsombazi zinasanduka namwino?
Kuchokera pakusazindikira komwe kumachitika kwa munthu yemwe amakhulupirira kuti popeza nsombazi siziikira mazira komanso zimakhala zowoneka bwino, ndiye kuti zimayenera kudyetsa ana ake. Panali ngakhale chikhulupiriro chakuti namwino nsombazi amabisa ana awo mkamwa mwawo. Koma sizili choncho. Mazira mkamwa mwa nsombazi samaswa. Izi ndizofala mumitundu ina ya cichlid.
Kufotokozera kwa mustachioed shark
Shark whiskered kapena namwino shark ndi gulu la nsomba zamatenda ochepa, gulu laling'ono la lamellar fish, superorder of shark, dongosolo la Wobbegongoids, ndi banja la namwino shark. Pali mitundu itatu ya banjali: namwino shark ndi wamba, ndiye shark wa mustachioed, rusty nurse shark komanso wamfupi-mchira.
Maonekedwe, kukula kwake
Namwino wotchedwa shark ndiye wamkulu kwambiri pabanja lake... Kutalika kwake kumatha kupitilira mamita 4, ndipo kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 170 kg. Shrust namwino shark ndi wocheperako, movutikira amakula mpaka 3 mita, ndipo nsomba zazifupi sizitalika mpaka mita.
Sharkyi amatchedwa "mustachioed" - tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tofewa, tomwe timafanana ndi mphamba. Chilengedwe sichinabwere ndi tinyanga tosangalatsa. Ndizothandiza kwambiri.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ndevu, shark namwino "amayang'ana" pansi pomwe pali malo oyenera kudya. Ndevu zamtundu wa locator zimapangidwa ndi maselo osamva kwambiri omwe amalola kuti nsombazi zizinyamula ngakhale kukoma kwa zinthu zam'nyanja. Ntchito yokongoletsa bwino imeneyi imalipira namwino nsombayo chifukwa cha kusawona bwino.
Ndizosangalatsa! Shaki yomwe imamenyedwa ndi ndevu imatha kupuma osatsegula pakamwa pake, osakhalabe chete.
Maso a namwino shark ndi ochepa komanso osavuta kutulutsa, koma kumbuyo kwawo pali chiwalo china chofunikira kwambiri - chowaza. Madzi amalowetsedwa m'mitsempha kudzera mu kutsitsi. Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi nsombazi, zimapuma zili pansi. Thupi la namwino shark limakhala lozungulira ndipo limakhala lachikaso kapena lofiirira.
Mawanga akuda amwazikana ponseponse, koma ndi achichepere okha. Kutsogolo kwake ndikokulirapo kuposa kumbuyo. Ndipo lobe yakumapeto kwa caudal fin ili ndi atrophied kwathunthu. Koma zipsepse zam'mimba zimapangidwa bwino. Sharki amafunika kuti agone pansi, atagwira pansi.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Shaki yopanda pake
- Whale shark
- Nsombazi
- Shaki yoyera kwambiri
Kapangidwe kosangalatsa kamwa kamkamwa ka namwino wofunika shaki: kamwa yaying'ono ndi pakhosi lolimba ngati pompo... Sharki wonyezimira samang'amba nyama yake, koma amamatira kwa wovulalayo ndipo, kwenikweni, imayamwa mwa iyo yokha, ndikupanga mawu omenyetsa, ofanana ndi kupsompsona, kukuwa kwachisoni kwa namwino wosamalira. Mwa njira, mawonekedwe awa azakudya zake adapanga maziko a mtundu wina wa dzina lachikondi - namwino shark.
Amisili ndi opyapyala kwambiri, okhala ndi mano opindika, amakona atatu, okhala ndi nthiti. Amatha kuthana ndi ziboliboli zolimba za nkhono zam'nyanja. Kuphatikiza apo, mano a namwino nsombazi amasintha nthawi zonse, m'malo mosweka kapena kusiya, atsopano amakula nthawi yomweyo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Namwino nsombazi amalungamitsa dzina lopanda tanthauzo komanso lamtendere ndi machitidwe awo.
Ndi odekha komanso osachita chilichonse.... Masana, nsombazi zimakhala ndi ziweto zawo ndipo zimazizira kwambiri osazama, kukwirira zipsepse zawo pansi. Kapenanso amasankha miyala ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zigwembe za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, madzi ofunda, odekha a magombe amiyala kuti azisangalala. Ndipo samasamala kuti chimbudzi cham'mbali chimamatirira kumtunda. Nsombazi zimapuma, kugona patatha usiku.
Ndizosangalatsa! Namwino shark amapumula m'matumba ndikusaka okha.
Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi ali ndi mtundu woti zolusa izi sizimazimitsa kwathunthu ndipo sizimagona tulo tofa nato. Pamene gawo limodzi likupuma, linalo ladzuka. Mbali imeneyi ya nyama zolusa tcheru ndi mitundu ina ya nsombazi.
Ndi osaka mwachangu komanso aluso. Pang'onopang'ono, baleen shark amapezerapo mwayi pa zabwino zawo. Kusaka usiku kumawalola kukulitsa zakudya zawo ndi nsomba zazing'ono, zopepuka komanso zovuta masana, koma kugona usiku.
Zikafika pa ma gastropods, nsombazi za baleen zimawawombera ndikumayamwa zokometsera za chipolopolocho. Nthawi zambiri posaka, nsombazi zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yosakhazikika - zimaundana pansi ndi mitu yawo itakweza, kudalira zipsepse zawo zam'mimba. Chifukwa chake amawonetsa zopanda vuto la nkhanu. Nyama ikamatuluka, womanga wachotsanzayo amatsegula pakamwa pake ndikuyamwa ndipo amakuta wovulalayo.
Kodi namwino shark amakhala motalika bwanji?
Ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino mu moyo wa nanny shark - pali chakudya chokwanira, zinthu zakunja ndizabwino, ndipo sizinagwere m'maukonde, ndiye kuti zitha kukhala zaka 25-30. Izi sizochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi mitundu ya polar shark yomwe imakhala ndi zaka 100. Njira zochepetsera moyo wa adani akumpoto zimakhudza. The shark thermophilic is, ndi waufupi nthawi ya moyo wake ndi. Ndipo nsomba za mustachioed zimakonda nyanja zotentha ndi nyanja.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Namwino nsombazi amapezeka m'madzi otentha komanso otentha. Amakhala kunyanja ya Atlantic komanso kufupi ndi gombe lakum'mawa kwa Pacific Ocean.
Amathanso kupezeka pachilumba cha Caribbean komanso ku Red Sea.
- East Atlantic - kuchokera ku Cameroon kupita ku Gabon.
- Nyanja ya Pacific Pacific - kuchokera ku California kupita ku Peru.
Western Atlantic - kuchokera ku Florida kupita kumwera kwa Brazil. Malo okhala anamwino a shark amadziwika ndi madzi osaya. Kawirikawiri adaniwa amasambira kutali ndi gombe ndikupita pansi kwambiri. Amakonda miyala yamchere, ngalande ndi ngalande pakati pa madambo a mangrove, mabanki amchenga.
Adani achilengedwe
Adani m'malo achilengedwe a okonda mtendere awa sanazindikiridwe. Nthawi zambiri, nsombazi zimafa, zikodwa mumsampha wosodza, kapena m'manja mwa munthu amene amalakalaka nyama yake ndi khungu lolimba. Komabe, mtundu uwu wa nsombazi siwofunika kwenikweni pamalonda.
Zakudya za masharubu
M'munsi mwa nyama zopanda mafupa ndiwo maziko a chakudya cha nsombazi. Chakudya chawo chimaphatikizapo: nkhono, zikopa zam'nyanja, nkhanu, nkhanu, octopus, squid, cuttlefish. Nsomba zazing'ono zimawonjezeredwa ku nsomba izi: hering'i, mullet, nsomba za parrot ,fishfish, stingray stingray, nsomba yaopaleshoni. Nthawi zina m'mimba mwa nsombazi za mustachioed, algae ndi zidutswa zamakorali, siponji zanyanja zimapezeka. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti ichi sichakudya chachikulu cha nsombazi, koma zoyipa zoyamwa nyama zina.
Kubereka ndi ana
Nyengo yokwatirana ya anamwino a shark imachitika pamwambapa chilimwe. Zimakhala pafupifupi mwezi - kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka pakati pa Julayi. Ndi njira yovuta ya chibwenzi ndi kukondana, yopangidwa ndi magawo asanu - ndi kudziwana koyambirira, kusambira kofananira kofananira, kuyandikira, kugwira zipsepse zachikazi za amayi ndi mano ndikumusandutsa malo oyenera kukwatira - kumbuyo kwake.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pakugwira, wamwamuna nthawi zambiri amawononga chomaliza cha mkazi. Amuna angapo amatenga nawo mbali mu 50% ya milandu, kumathandizana kugwirana wamkazi ndikuchitanso chimodzimodzi.
Nsomba zotsekemera - ovoviviparous... Izi zikutanthauza kuti kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yonse yomwe ali ndi pakati, amakula mazira mkatimo mpaka kubwana ndipo amabereka ana athunthu - pafupifupi mazira 30, 27-30 cm iliyonse. Amayi sawasiya kuti awapatse tsogolo labwino, koma amawakonza mosamala mu "makanda" opangidwa ndi udzu wam'madzi. Pomwe ma shark akukula, namwino wopanga ma mustachi amawasamalira.
Mwina inali njira iyi yolerera ana yomwe idapatsa dzinali mtundu wa shark. Mosiyana ndi abale ake okonda magazi, namwino shark samadya ana ake omwe. Nsombazi zimakula pang'onopang'ono - masentimita 13 pachaka. Amakhwima pofika zaka 10 kapena ngakhale makumi awiri. Kukonzeka kubereka ana kumadalira kukula kwa munthuyo. Nthawi yoswana ndi zaka 2. Mkazi amafunikira chaka ndi theka kuti thupi lake lipezenso bwino kuti akhale ndi pakati.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Kuchedwa komanso mawonekedwe abwino a anamwino anyani a shaki adasewera nthabwala yankhanza pa iwo... Kuphatikiza apo, amawongoleredwa mwachangu, omvera kwambiri, amalola kuti adyetsedwe m'manja. Zonsezi zidapangitsa kuti ayambe kugwira mwamphamvu kuti azisunga m'madzi. Izi zimasokoneza kuchuluka kwa mitunduyo. Mwachitsanzo, azamba a shark aku Australia posachedwa adawopsezedwa kuti atha. Kuwonetseratu kwakusintha kwamikhalidwe iyi kungapangidwe kokha ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa madzi apadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimatsegula mwayi wosamukira kwa anthu amodzi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ndevu zomwe zimayamwitsa nsombazi zimakhala zolimba komanso zophunzitsidwa bwino. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala maphunziro oyenera asayansi pamakhalidwe ndi ma physiology mu ukapolo.
Masiku ano, International Union for Conservation of Nature zimawavuta kuti athe kuwunika molondola mtundu wa mitundu ya anamwino a shaki a baleen, akusowa chidziwitso chokwanira. Koma akuti kukula kwakanthawi kwa nsombazi, komanso kuwedza kwawo kwambiri, ndizophatikiza koopsa kuchuluka kwa anthu. Pali lingaliro loletsa kugwidwa kwa asaki amenewa m'malo osungira zachilengedwe munthawi ya ana - masika ndi chilimwe.
