Anthu aku Somalia amakhulupirira kuti kamba kanyama kambuku kodyedwa kama aphrodisiac. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera mankhwala ochizira matenda am'mapapo, kuphatikizapo kukhosomola kwanthawi yayitali, kumwa ndi mphumu.
Kufotokozera kwa kamba kambuku
Padziko lonse la Africa, Geochelone pardalis (kambuku / kambuku wa panther) ndi wachiwiri kwa kamba wolimbitsa, kukula mpaka pafupifupi 0.7 m m'litali ndi 50 kg. Ichi ndi kamba wamakhosi obisika yemwe amapinda khosi lake mutu utakokedwa pansi pa chipolopolocho ngati chilembo chachi Latin "S"... Akatswiri ena ofufuza mafupa, potengera kutalika kwa carapace, amasiyanitsa magawo awiri a Geochelone pardalis. Otsutsa awo ali otsimikiza kuti mtunduwo ndi wosagawanika.
Maonekedwe
Kambukuyu amabisala pansi pa chipolopolo chachitali, chokhala ngati mzikiti, chachikaso. Chinyama chaching'ono, chimasiyanitsa kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amdima pazishango: ndi ukalamba, mtunduwo umataya kuwala kwake. Carapace wowala kwambiri mu zokwawa zomwe zikukhala ku Ethiopia.
Pamwamba pake pamakhala mdima kuposa pamimba (plastron). Kamba aliyense amavala mtundu wautoto, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake samabwerezedwa. Chifukwa chakuti mawonekedwe azakugonana samawonetsedwa mopepuka, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa jenda mokakamiza, kugubuduza kamba kumbuyo kwake.
Zofunika! Mchira wautali, notch mu plastron (osati nthawi zonse) ndi wolumikizidwa kwambiri (motsutsana ndi maziko a akazi) carapace ikukuwuzani kuti pali wamwamuna patsogolo panu.
Kukula kwake, akazi ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi amuna... Malinga ndi ziwerengero zaboma, mkazi wamkulu kwambiri wolemera makilogalamu 20 wakula mpaka 49.8 cm, pomwe kamba wamkulu wamphongo wamwamuna adya mpaka makilogalamu 43 ndi kutalika kwa 0.66 m. Chimphona chotchedwa Jack chinkakhala ndikumwalira ku National Elephant Park Eddo (South Africa), polephera mu 1976 kutuluka mdzenje lake.
Khosi, mutu waudongo, mchira ndi miyendo ya zokwawa zili ndi mamba owoneka ngati nyanga. Khosi limapita mosavuta pansi pa carapace, komanso limasunthira mosavuta kumanja / kumanzere. Mano a kambuku akusowa, koma amalowedwa m'malo ndi mlomo wolimba kwambiri.
Moyo ndi machitidwe
Chifukwa chobisika cha reptile, njira yake yamoyo siyimvetsetsedwa bwino. Amadziwika, mwachitsanzo, kuti amakonda kusungulumwa ndipo amakhala pamtunda. Pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali komanso mosatopa. Kamba wa kambuku ali ndi maso olekerera (mosiyanitsa mitundu): makamaka chilichonse chofiira chimachigwira. Amamva ngati akamba ena, osamva bwino, koma amamva fungo labwino. Chotupa chakumaso, chomwe chimapanga chinsinsi chakuthwa, chimagwira ntchito ziwiri - chimasokoneza mdani ndikukopa wokwatirana naye.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kamba wa kambuku amapangira kusowa kwa calcium popera mafupa a nyama zakufa ndikudya ndowe za afisi. Chifukwa chake carapace imapeza zakudya zomwe zimafunikira.
Kuchokera padzuwa lotentha, chokwawa chimathawira mu dzenje, chomwe chimadzikumba chokha, koma nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito mabowo pomwe zidazi, mimbulu ndi nkhandwe zimachoka. Zokwawa zobisala kutentha kukangotha kapena kukayamba kugwa mvula.
Kodi akamba amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Amakhulupirira kuti m'chilengedwe, akamba a panther amakhala zaka 30-50, ndipo ali mu ukapolo - mpaka zaka 70-75.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Kamba kambukuyu amafalikira kudera lonse la Africa kuchokera ku Sudan / Ethiopia mpaka kumalire akumwera kwa dzikolo.
Zokwawa zimapezeka m'maiko monga:
- Angola, Burundi ndi Botswana;
- Congo, Kenya ndi Mozambique;
- Republic of Djibouti, Malawi ndi Ethiopia;
- Namibia, Somalia ndi Rwanda;
- South Sudan ndi South Africa;
- Tanzania, Uganda ndi Swaziland;
- Zambia ndi Zimbabwe.
Nyamazo zimakonda malo ouma kwambiri / aminga omwe ali kumapiri ouma kapena ku savanna komwe kuli masamba osiyanasiyana. Akamba amtundu wa Panther nawonso amapezeka mobwerezabwereza m'mapiri pamtunda wa 1.8-2 km pamwamba pa nyanja. Zokwawa Mountain, monga ulamuliro, ndi zazikulu kuposa zokwawa mosabisa.
Kudya kwa kamba kambuku
Kumtchire, zokwawa izi zimadya mwachangu zitsamba ndi zokometsera (euphorbia, pecky peyala ndi aloe). Nthawi zina amayendayenda m'minda, momwe amalawa maungu, mavwende ndi nyemba. Mu ukapolo, chakudya cha nyama chimasinthidwa: chimaphatikizapo udzu, womwe ndi wofunika kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira, komanso masamba obiriwira. Ngati simukufuna kuti kamba yanu azivutika ndi kudya, musapitirire ndi masamba owuma ndi zipatso.
Nyama siziyenera kupezeka pamndandanda wa kamba yam'madzi - gwero la protein (limodzi ndi nyemba) limapangitsa kuti likule kwambiri, komanso limayambitsa matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.
Zofunika! Zotsatirazi siziyenera kudyetsedwa kwa akamba am'nyumba - nyemba zili ndi phosphorous / calcium pang'ono, koma zomanga thupi zambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kosafunikira kwa ziweto.
Kambuku, monga akamba onse, amafunikira kashiamu mwamphamvu ndi kukongola kwa chipolopolocho: chinthu ichi chimafunikira kwambiri ndi zokwawa zazing'ono komanso zapakati. Zowonjezera za calcium (monga Repto-Cal) zimangowonjezedwa pachakudya.
Adani achilengedwe
Zida zachilengedwe sizimapulumutsa kamba wa kambuku kuchokera kwa adani ambiri, omwe ndianthu ovuta kwambiri... Anthu aku Africa amapha akamba kuti adye nyama ndi mazira awo, amapanga mankhwala ochulukitsa, totem zoteteza komanso luso lokongola la carapace.
Adani achilengedwe a reptile amatchedwanso:
- mikango;
- njoka ndi abuluzi;
- mbira;
- afisi;
- mimbulu;
- mongooses;
- akhwangwala ndi ziwombankhanga.
Akamba, makamaka odwala ndi ofooka, amakhumudwa kwambiri ndi kafadala ndi nyerere, zomwe zimafinya msanga ziwalo zofewa za kamba. Pamodzi ndi tizilombo, zokwawa zimayang'aniridwa ndi helminths, majeremusi, bowa ndi mavairasi. Akamba am'nyumba amawopsezedwa ndi agalu omwe amaluma carapace ndi makoswe omwe amaluma miyendo / mchira wa kamba.
Kubereka ndi ana
Mwachilengedwe, kukhwima kwakubala mu kamba ya panther kumayambira zaka 12-15, ikamakula mpaka masentimita 20-25. Ali mu ukapolo, zokwawa zimakula mwachangu kwambiri ndikufikira kukula kwake pofika zaka 6-8. Kuyambira pano atha kuyamba kukwatira.
Nthawi yoswana ya kamba kambuku ndi Seputembara - Okutobala. Pakadali pano, amuna amadzimangira okhaokha, akuyesera kugubuduza mdani kumbuyo kwake. Wopambana amatenga chachikazi: panthawi yogonana, amakoka khosi lake, ndikupendeketsa mutu wake kwa mnzake ndikukweza mawu.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mu clutch pali mazira 5-30 ozungulira okhala ndi masentimita 2.5 mpaka 5. Herpetologists akuwonetsa kuti mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa mazira kumatengera dera lomwe amakhala. Ngati pali mazira ambiri, kamba amawatengera m'magawo, kuwalekanitsa ndi dothi.
M'nyengo, makamaka akazi achonde amatha kupanga ndulu zitatu kapena kupitilira apo. Makulitsidwe mu ukapolo nthawi zambiri amatenga masiku 130-150, mwachilengedwe - mpaka masiku 180. Pazovuta zakunja, makulitsidwe achedwa mpaka masiku a 440 (!). Akamba amabadwa okonzekera moyo wodziimira pawokha.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Akamba akambuku amadyedwa ndi mafuko osiyana omwe amakhala ku Zambia ndi kumwera kwa Ethiopia... Kuphatikiza apo, abusa aku Ethiopia amagwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo zazimatumba zazing'ono zophedwa ngati mabelu. Nzika zaku Somalia zimasonkhanitsa zokwawa kuti zikagulitsenso ku China ndi Kumwera cha Kum'mawa kwa Asia, komwe mitengo yawo ikufunika kwambiri.
Komanso, akamba amtunduwu amagulitsidwa mwachangu m'tawuni ya Mto Wa Mbu (Northern Tanzania). Kuno, kumpoto kwa Tanzania, kumakhala anthu amtundu wa Ikoma, omwe amawona nyamayi kukhala nyama yawo yonse. Masiku ano, mitunduyi imawerengedwa kuti ndiyokhazikika, ngakhale kufa kwa akamba nthawi zambiri pamoto ku East Africa (Tanzania ndi Kenya). Mu 1975, kamba kambuku adatchulidwa mu CITES Zakumapeto II.
