Kangaroo (lat. Mwachidule, mawuwa amatanthauza oimira onse a banja la Kangaroo. Tanthauzo lake lochepa la dzinali limagwira ntchito kwa mamembala akulu kwambiri pabanja, chifukwa chake nyama zazing'ono kwambiri zimatchedwa wallaby ndi wallaru.
Kufotokozera kwa kangaroo
Mawu oti "kangaroo" adachokera ku mayina "kanguroo" kapena "gŠ°ngurru"... Ili linali dzina la chinyama chokhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa amthupi, achiaborigine aku Australia, omwe amalankhula chilankhulo cha Guuku Yimithir. Pakadali pano, kangaroo ndiye chizindikiro chosadziwika cha Australia, chowonetsedwa pachizindikiro chadziko.
Maonekedwe
Kutengera mtundu wamtundu, kutalika kwa oimira banja la Kangaroo kumatha kusiyanasiyana - kuyambira kotala kufikira mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 18-100 kg. Wamkulu kwambiri pakadali pano wamtundu wa marsupial amaimiridwa ndi nzika zodziwika bwino zaku Australia - kangaroo wofiira wamkulu, ndipo kulemera kwake kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe a kangaroo wa imvi wakum'mawa. Ubweya wa nyama yamtunduwu ndi wandiweyani komanso wofewa, wakuda, imvi ndi wofiira, kapena umawonetsedwa mumithunzi yawo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kapadera ka thupi, chinyama chimatha kudziteteza bwino ndikumenya mwamphamvu ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, komanso chimayenda mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito mchira wautali ngati chiwongolero.
Kangaroo ali ndi thupi lakuthwa bwino, komanso ali ndi mutu wawung'ono. Mphuno ya nyama imatha kukhala yayitali kapena yayifupi. Komanso, mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake akuphatikizira mapewa opapatiza, mawoko amfupi komanso ofooka, omwe alibe tsitsi, komanso ali ndi zala zisanu zokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa komanso zazitali. Zala zimadziwika ndi kuyenda bwino, chifukwa chake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama pogwira zinthu ndi kupesa ubweya, komanso kudyetsa.
Thupi lakumunsi la kangaroo limapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndipo limaimiridwa ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yamphamvu kwambiri, mchira wautali wokulirapo, chiuno cholimba ndi miyendo yolimba yokhala ndi zala zinayi. Kulumikizana kwa chala chachiwiri ndi chachitatu kumachitika ndi nembanemba yapadera, ndipo chala chachinayi chimakhala ndi chingwe cholimba.
Moyo ndi machitidwe
Nyama ya marsupial imakonda kukhala moyo wakusiku, chifukwa chake, ndikayamba kucha, imapita msipu. Masana, kangaroo amakhala mumthunzi pansi pa mitengo, m'makonde apadera kapena zisa zaudzu. Pakakhala ngozi, nyama zakutchire zimatumiza ma alarm kwa anthu ena omwe ali mgululi mothandizidwa ndi ziwopsezo zamiyendo yawo yakumbuyo pamtunda. Pofuna kutumizira zidziwitso, phokoso limagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri, loyimiriridwa ndi kung'ung'udza, kuyetsemula, kudina ndi kutsinya.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kwa ma marsupials, ndimikhalidwe yolumikizidwa kudera linalake, chifukwa chake samakonda kuzisiya popanda chifukwa. Kupatula ma kangaroo ofiira ofiira, omwe amapambana mosavuta makilomita makumi kufunafuna malo opindulitsa.
M'madera okhala bwino, kuphatikiza chakudya chabwino komanso kusakhala ndi zoopsa zilizonse, ma marsupial amatha kupanga magulu ambiri, okhala ndi anthu pafupifupi zana. Komabe, monga lamulo, nthumwi zotere za marsupial tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, opangidwa ndi amuna, komanso akazi angapo ndi ma kangaroo. Yaimuna imasilira mwansanje nkhosa kuti zisalowedwe ndi amuna ena akuluakulu, zomwe zimayambitsa ndewu zowopsa.
Ndi kangaroo angati omwe amakhala
Kutalika kwa moyo wa kangaroo kumatengera mtundu wamtundu wa nyama yotere, komanso momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira kapena ukapolo. Mitundu yamoyo wautali kwambiri ndi Kangaroo Wamutu Wofiira (Macrorus rufus)... Oimira owala oterowo a dongosolo la marsupial-incisor mammals amatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa kotala la zana.
Mitundu yachiwiri potengera zaka zapakati pa moyo ndi Gray Eastern Kangaroo (Macrorus giganteus), yomwe imakhala mndende pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri, komanso kuthengo pafupifupi zaka 8-12. Western Grey Kangaroos (Macrorus fuliginosus) amakhala ndi moyo wofanana.
Mitundu ya Kangaroo
Pali mitundu yopitilira isanu ndi iwiri ya banja la kangaroo, koma pakadali pano, mitundu yokhayo yomwe ndi yayikulu komanso yayikulu kwambiri ndimawerengedwa kuti ndi ma kangaroo enieni.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri imaperekedwa:
- Kangaroo wamkulu wa ginger (Macrorus rufus) - woyimira motalika kwambiri wama marsupials kukula kwake. Kutalika kwakutali kwa munthu wamkulu ndi mita ziwiri, ndipo mchira ndi wopitilira mita imodzi. Kulemera kwaimuna kumafika makilogalamu 80-85, ndipo chachikazi - 33-35 makilogalamu;
- Kangaroo wa imvi - nthumwi yovuta kwambiri ya nyama zakutchire. Kulemera kwakukulu kumafika makilogalamu zana ndikuwonjezeka kwa rack - 170 cm;
- Kangaroo yamapiri (wallaru) - nyama yayikulu yokhala ndi squat yokhala ndi mapewa otakata ndi miyendo yaying'ono yakumbuyo. M'dera la mphuno, mulibe tsitsi, ndipo zidendene za m'miyendo ndizolimba, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kuyenda m'mapiri;
- Kangaroo Arboreal - pakadali pano ndi okhawo omwe akuyimira banja la Kangaroo omwe amakhala pamitengo. Kutalika kwakutali kwa nyama yotere ndikoposa theka la mita. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwa zikhadabo zolimba pamapazi ake ndi ubweya wambiri wakuda, zomwe sizimangopangitsa kukwera mitengo mosavuta, komanso zimasokoneza nyama m'masamba ake.
Ndizosangalatsa! Oimira mitundu yonse ya ma kangaroo amamvetsera bwino, ndipo "amatola" ngati makutu amphaka, amatha kutulutsa mawu ngakhale opanda phokoso. Ngakhale kuti mbalame zotchedwa marsupials sizingathe kubwerera kumbuyo, ndizosambira zabwino kwambiri.
Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri ya kangaroo ndi wallaby. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa munthu wamkulu, monga lamulo, sikupitilira theka la mita, ndipo kulemera kocheperako kwa wallaby wamkazi ndi kilogalamu imodzi yokha. Mwakuwoneka, nyama zoterezi ndizofanana ndi khoswe wamba, yemwe amakhala ndi mchira wopanda ubweya komanso wautali.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Malo okhala ma kangaroo akuimiridwa ndi gawo la Australia ndi Tasmania, New Guinea ndi zilumba za Bismarck. Marsupials adadziwitsidwanso ku New Zealand. Kangaroo nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Marsupials otere amapezeka mosavuta kunja kwa mizinda yayikulu kwambiri komanso yodzaza ndi anthu, komanso kufupi ndi minda.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti gawo lalikulu la mitunduyo ndi nyama zakutchire zomwe zimakhala m'malo athyathyathya, zokutidwa ndi udzu wandiweyani ndi zitsamba. Mitengo yonse yama kangaroo imasinthidwa kuti iziyenda mumitengo, ndipo mapiri a wallabies (Petrogale) amakhala molunjika m'malo amiyala.
Zakudya za Kangaroo
Kangaroo amadya makamaka zakudya za zomera. Chakudya chawo chachikulu cha tsiku ndi tsiku chimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, kuphatikizapo udzu, clover ndi nyemba zamaluwa, nyemba zamaluwa, bulugamu ndi masamba a mthethe, liana ndi ferns. Marsupials amadyanso mizu ndi ma tubers azomera, zipatso ndi zipatso. Kwa mitundu ina, zimakonda kudya mphutsi kapena tizilombo.
Asayansi awona kuti ma kangaroo akuluakulu amadya pafupifupi ola limodzi kuposa akazi.... Komabe, ndiwo chakudya chachikazi chomwe chimayimiridwa ndi chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni kwambiri, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri mkaka womwe umapangidwa kuti udyetse ana.
Ndizosangalatsa! Marsupials amasiyanitsidwa ndi luso lawo, chifukwa chake amatha kusinthasintha bwino kuzinthu zambiri zakunja zosasangalatsa, kuphatikiza kusowa kwa chakudya chodziwika bwino. Poterepa, nyama zimatha kusinthira ku mitundu ina ya chakudya, kuphatikiza mbewu zomwe sizigwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale oimira zinyama mosasankha komanso modzichepetsa.
Adani achilengedwe
Mwachilengedwe, ma kangaroo akuluakulu amadyetsa kamodzi patsiku, nthawi yamadzulo, dzuwa litangolowa, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chokumana mwadzidzidzi ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe. Kuchuluka kwa mbalamezi kumawonongeka ndi agalu amtchire, komanso nkhandwe komanso mbalame zina zikuluzikulu zolusa.
Kangaroo ndi munthu
Ma Kangaroo nthawi zambiri amawaika ngati atolankhani ngati chizindikiro chaubwenzi ku Australia, koma ma marsupial oterewa atha kuvulaza anthu. Zachidziwikire, chiwopsezo choukiridwa ndi kangaroo wamkulu pa anthu ndiwotsika kwambiri, ndipo, monga zikuwonekera, odwala ochepa kwambiri omwe avulala chifukwa chakugundana ndi kangaroo amapita kuchipatala chaka chilichonse.
Kuukira kumachitika potsatira izi:
- kuchuluka kwa anthu, mayendedwe kapena gulu lonse lasinthidwa mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zakunja;
- kutaya mantha achibadwa a nyama kwa anthu omwe amakhala ndi zibwenzi pafupipafupi ndi munthu;
- kuchitira munthu ngati mnzake wokhala pakati kapena kuwopseza nokha ndi ana omwe akukula;
- chinyama chili pakona kapena kuvulala;
- mwamuna amatenga mwana kuchokera kwa mkazi;
- Kangaroo wophunzitsidwa ngati chiweto chachilendo poyamba amakhala ndi mikhalidwe yankhanza kwambiri.
Kangaroo ikamalimbana ndi munthu, imatha kumenya nkhondo ndi mapazi ake akumbuyo kapena kumenyedwa ndi zikhasu zake zam'mbuyo, pogwiritsa ntchito mchira wake ngati chothandizira. Kuvulala komwe kumachitika ndi marsupials ndi koopsa komanso kowopsa.
Kubereka ndi ana
Kukhoza kubereka ana kumawoneka mwa anthu azaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri ndipo kumatenga zaka pafupifupi khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu. Ma kangaroo amaberekera kamodzi pachaka, koma nyengo yeniyeni kapena yeniyeni yopangira marsupial kulibe. Mimba mwa oimira dongosolo la marsupial tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ting'onoting'ono kwambiri ndipo timasiyanasiyana mkati mwa masiku 27-40, pambuyo pake, nthawi zina, ana awiri a kangaroo amabadwa.
Kwa mitundu ya Masrorus rufus, kubadwa kwa ana atatu ndikodziwika. Ma kangaroo akuluakulu obadwa kumene amakhala ndi thupi mpaka masentimita 2.5. Amayi amabereka ana awo mkati mwa thumba kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena isanu ndi itatu.
Ndizosangalatsa! M'magulu ambiri opatsirana pogonana, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mluza kumachedwa. Mwana wa kangaroo wakhungu ndi wocheperako, atangobadwa, amakwawa mkati mwa thumba la mayi, momwe amapitilira kukula kwa masiku 120-400.
Kuswana kwatsopano kwa nyama kumachitika patatha masiku angapo mwana atabadwa, komanso mchithaphwi wallaby - tsiku limodzi mwana asanabadwe. Poterepa, mluza umakhalapobe mpaka nthawi yomwe kangaroo wakale wakula kwathunthu kapena kufa. Ndi kuyambira pano pomwe mwana wosabadwayo amayamba ntchito yachitukuko. Pakakhala nyengo yabwino kwambiri, mwana wamwamuna watsopano amabadwa nthawi yomweyo kangaroo wamkulu atachoka m'thumba la mayi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Mitundu yayikulu ilibe chiopsezo chachikulu chakutha, komabe, ziweto zonse za marsupial zikuchepa, chifukwa chakukula mwachangu kwaulimi, kutayika kwa malo okhala, komanso moto ndi kusaka.
Oimira mitundu ya kangaroo imvi yaku Eastern ndi Western amatetezedwa ndi malamulo aku Australia... Zinyama zakutchire ndizomwe zimawombera, zomwe zimachitika kuti mupeze zikopa ndi nyama, komanso kuteteza msipu.
Nyama ya ma marsupial otere amawerengedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri m'thupi la munthu, chifukwa cha mafuta ochepa. Pakadali pano, kangaroo yosungira: imayambitsa chiopsezo chotsika kwambiri.
