The clown fish, kapena amphiprion (Amphiprion), ndi amtundu wa nsomba zam'madzi komanso banja wamba la pomacentral. Monga lamulo, dzina ili limatanthauza kufotokozera za nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi za lalanje, koma m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza mitundu yonse.
Nsomba zoseketsa kuthengo
Nsomba zam'madzi za Aquarium ndi nsomba zam'madzi sizikhala ndi kusiyana kwakunja... Ndiye woimira wowala kwambiri pakatikati pa nyanja, wosinthidwa mwangwiro osati zachilengedwe zokha, komanso amamva bwino mumiyambo yam'madzi.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokoza
Mitundu ya nsomba zam'madzi ndizolemera komanso zowoneka bwino. Maonekedwe amatha kuyimiriridwa ndi buluu wakuda komanso mitundu yowala ya lalanje. Zomwe sizodziwika bwino ndi mitundu yopanda mawonekedwe ofiira ofiira kapena owala achikasu mandimu.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mwamtheradi nsomba zonse zoseketsa ndizoyambira amuna. Komabe, popita nthawi, nsombazi, nthawi zina, imasintha amuna ndikukhala akazi.
Amuna amtundu uwu ndi ocheperako kuposa akazi. Kutalika kwapakati pamadzi am'madzi mwachilengedwe sikupitilira masentimita khumi ndi asanu mpaka makumi awiri. Nsomba zachikale zimakhala ndi mutu waufupi, thupi lathyathyathya pambuyo pake ndi gawo lakuthwa kwambiri. Chipilala chapamwamba chimagawanika. Mbali yake yakutsogolo ili ndi ma spiky spines, kotero zowoneka bwino zitha kuwoneka ngati awiriawiri.
Habitats - pomwe nsomba zoseketsa zimakhala
Pali mitundu pafupifupi makumi atatu ya nsomba zoseketsa padziko lonse lapansi. M'malo ake achilengedwe, nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi zimatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi khumi, koma ma aquarium amphiprions, pakakhala zinthu zabwino, amakhala nthawi yayitali ndi theka mpaka kawiri kuposa abale amtchire.
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, nsomba zoseketsa zimakhala m'madzi a Pacific ndi Indian... Anthu ambiri amawonedwa pafupi ndi gawo lakum'mawa kwa Africa, komanso amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Japan ndi zilumba za Polynesian. Amphipryos ambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi miyala ya kum'mawa kwa Australia.
Moyo wa Amphiprion
Kwa amphiprion, mgwirizano wothandizana ndi pafupifupi mitundu iliyonse ya anemones ndiwodziwika kwambiri. Choyamba, nsomba yotchedwa clownfish imakhudza pang'ono pamwamba pake poizoni wa anemone, womwe umaluma mbewuyo ndipo potero imafotokoza zakapangidwe kake kakang'ono.
Zotsatira zake, amphiprion imatulutsa zolembedwazo molondola momwe zingathere ndipo imapeza mpata wabwino wobisala pakati pazinyama za anemone yakupha, kuthawa adani ambiri. Clownfish imasamalira bwino ma anemone, kugwira ntchito yolowetsa mpweya ndikuchotsa zotsalira zonse zopanda chakudya.
Ndizosangalatsa!Kwa moyo wawo wonse, ma amphipryos samasunthira kutali ndi "anemones" awo.
Kusunga nsomba zoseketsa mu aquarium
Nsomba zoseketsa ndizodziwika bwino pakati pamadzi am'madzi, omwe ndi chifukwa cha utoto wowala modabwitsa, komanso mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Chowonjezera china chachikulu chomwe chimasungidwa mu ukapolo ndi kudzichepetsa kwathunthu kwa nsomba zam'madzi zaku aquarium poyerekeza ndi nsomba zina zodziwika bwino zamakorali
Komabe, pali zovuta zina za aquarium kukula amphiprion.... Monga momwe machitidwe amadzi akuwonetsera, mu ukapolo, nsomba zoseketsa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zankhanza, chifukwa chake sikofunikira kuwonjezera mitundu yokonda mtendere kwa iwo.
Mitundu ya nsomba zam'madzi zaku aquarium zimayenderana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa zamoyozo. Nsombayi ili ndi mikwingwirima yayikulu yakuda yomwe imasinthana ndi milozo yofiira kapena yalanje ndi yoyera. Zipsepsezo zili ndi malire akuda. Dera lozungulira maso ndi lalanje lowala. Kusiyana kokha pakati pa mitunduyo ndi mawonekedwe osiyana a mikwingwirima. Kukula kwa nsomba zam'madzi za aquarium nthawi zambiri sikudutsa 60-80 mm.
Zosankha zam'madzi a Aquarium
Musanagule nsomba zoseketsa, muyenera kusamala pogula aquarium yabwino komanso yokwanira malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake. Kwa ma amphiprions awiri, zikhala zokwanira kusankha aquarium yokhala ndi malita 50-60.
Ndizosangalatsa!Clownfish kapena amphipryos ndi nsomba zokhazokha "zaphokoso" zam'madzi. Akuluakulu amtunduwu amadina, amang'ung'udza modekha, ndikupanganso kumveka kwina koseketsa.
Chofunikira pakukweza nsomba zoseketsa ukapolo ndikubzala ma anemones m'nthaka ya aquarium, komanso ma coral angapo. Lamuloli limachitika chifukwa chakusowa kwamasewera obisala. Cholondola kwambiri chimawerengedwa kuti ndi mawonekedwe amakona anayi kapena oyenda bwino panyanja yam'madzi.
Zofunikira zamadzi
Clownfish imatha kugwidwa ndimatenda ena, pomwe matenda a fungal ndi bakiteriya, ma trematode ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ectoparasites ndiofala kwambiri. Pofuna kuteteza thanzi la okhala m'madzi, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mawonekedwe amadzi am'madzi a aquarium.... Kutentha kwapakati kuyenera kukhala 25-27zaC. Kusintha kwa 10% yamadzi am'nyanja yamchere ayenera kuchitika sabata iliyonse. Mutha kusintha kotala lamadzi kuchokera pamutu wonse kangapo pamwezi.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira nsomba zoseketsa
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malamulo okhudzana ndi nsomba mkati mwa aquarium, komanso kuwunika pafupipafupi magawo amadzi ndi momwe amasungira zamoyo zam'madzi zokongoletsera. Sungani tanki yanu ya nsomba kunja kwa dzuwa. Madzi odzaza madzi amafunika kuimirira mpaka nsomba zitakhazikika kwa tsiku limodzi.
Zofunika!Anthu onse omwe angopezedwa kumene ayenera kuyikidwa m'madzi okhala kwaokha, komwe kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana kumatha kudziwika patadutsa sabata.
Zomwezo ziyenera kuchitidwanso ndi zitsanzo zilizonse zokayikitsa zamakhalidwe kapena mawonekedwe.
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya
Kudyetsa nsomba zoseketsa kuyenera kuchitika kangapo patsiku, kupatsa ziweto zam'madzi chakudya chochepa koma chofanana... Chakudya sichiyenera kukhalabe m'madzi a aquarium, monga momwe zilili, kuwonongeka kwa chakudya komanso kuwonongeka kwamadzi mwachangu.
Chakudya chachikulu cha amphiprion chitha kuyimilidwa ndi chakudya chapadera, chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chikhale ndi nsomba zokongoletsera zamu aquarium. Yoyenera kwambiri kudyetsa zakudya zamapuloteni a clown nsomba ndi zouma zouma zouma kapena zouma, tinsomba tating'ono ta m'nyanja kapena squid, komanso ndere, kuphatikiza spirulina.
Kubereketsa kwa Amphiprion ndi kuswana
Amphiprios onse oseketsa amadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa amuna omwe ali ndi ziwalo zoberekera zazimuna. Nsombazi zimakhala zokhazokha ndipo, ngati zili zachilengedwe, kubereka kumadalira kutuluka kwa mwezi, momwe kuwala kwa mwezi kumathandizira pamachitidwe azisudzo zachimuna, ndiye kuti mu ukapolo chinthu chachilengedwe sichofunikira.
Kuikira mazira nthawi zambiri kumachitika madzulo. Malo opangira ma Aquarium kapena ma coral atha kukhala malo oponyera masewera. Malo oterewa amatsukidwa mosamala kwa masiku angapo. Ntchito yonse yoberekayi imatenga maola ochepa. Mazirawo amasamaliridwa ndi champhongo chomwe chimakhala pafupi nthawi zonse. Nthawi yosakaniza imatha masiku osapitirira asanu ndi anayi, ndipo imachitika kutentha 26zaC. Azimayi ndioyenera kuswana mpaka zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mwachangu akhadzwe mwachangu m'nyanja yaying'ono yapadera. Monga momwe kusungidwa kwa nsomba za clown kumawonetsera, kusamutsa mwachangu usanakwanitse milungu iwiri kapena itatu ndikudyetsa kwawo m'malo mwa zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba sizimakhudza momwe zimakhalira ndi kukula.
Timalimbikitsanso: Guppy fish ndi Sumatran barbus
Gulani nsomba zoseketsa
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule amphiprions oseketsa omwe amapezeka mwachilengedwe, mwachilengedwe... Ndiwo otchedwa zitsanzo zakutchire zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ndi omwe akhudzidwa kale ndi matenda ambiri, kuphatikiza oodiniosis, cryptocaryosis ndi brooklynellosis. Mwa zina, ndi achikulire omwe nthawi zambiri amafa pomwe zinthu zachilengedwe zimasinthira mndende.
Mukamasankha nsomba zoseketsa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala:
- nsomba yathanzi iyenera kukhala ndi maso owala komanso owala;
- sipangakhale kutupa kapena kuwala kapena mawanga otumphuka pamwamba pa thupi;
- Zipsepse ndi mchira ziyenera kukhala zopanda kuwonongeka kowoneka bwino, misozi, kusweka kapena kusintha kwa khungu.
Mitundu yokhala ndi maso akhungu kapena maso okutidwa ndi kanema, wosalala kapena woyandama ndi ma jerks osavomerezeka, ovulala kapena kulumidwa, kudetsa, mawanga kapena zotupa zosafanana ndi mtunduwo zimayenera kukanidwa.
Komwe mungagule, mtengo wa nsomba zoseketsa
Ndikofunika kugula nsomba zam'madzi m'misika yosungirako nyama, pomwe zinthu zonse zomwe zimagulitsidwa zimatsagana ndi ziphaso, ndipo miyezo yonse yaukhondo imasungidwa.
Amaloledwa kugula kuchokera kwa omwe amaweta ma aquarium nthawi yayitali. Mtengo umasiyana kutengera mitundu ndi zaka:
- nsomba za clown nigripes kapena amphiprion wakuda waku Maldivian - 3200-3800 ruble;
- nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi kapena amphiprion wachikasu - 3300-3500 ruble;
- pinki nsomba Clown - 2300-2400 rubles;
- clown nsomba percula kapena lalanje amphiprion - 3300-3500 rubles;
- nsomba zamakola ocellaris kapena amphiprion amatepi atatu - ma ruble a 1900-2100;
- nthabwala nsomba melanopus kapena phwetekere amphiprion mdima - 2200-2300 rubles;
- clown nsomba frenatus kapena phwetekere wofiira amphiprion - 2,100-2,200 rubles;
- nsomba zonyansa ephippium kapena amphiprion yamoto - 2900-3100 ruble;
- Clark's clown fish kapena chokoleti amphiprion - 2500-2600 ruble.
Musanagule, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala aquarium yomwe ili ndi nsomba zoseketsa zomwe zagulitsidwa... Madzi ake sayenera kukhala mitambo. Simungathe kukhala ndi Chikatolika chachikulu cham'madzi am'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa pakadali pano kusintha kwakanthawi kokwanira kumatha kukwiyitsidwa, komwe kumakhala chifukwa chachikulu chaimfa ya ziweto.
Ndemanga za eni
Kanema wa makanema wa ana "Kupeza Nemo" adapangitsa kuti zisudzozo zikhale zotchuka kwambiri pakati pamadzi am'madzi. Clownfish amatha kulumikizana kwambiri, ndipo amakhala pafupifupi nthawi yawo yonse limodzi, ngakhale kugona pafupi.
Ndibwino kuti zisungidwe m'mabanja angapo kapena pagulu laling'ono, koma makamaka anthu ankhanza ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ambiri am'madzi am'madzi amakhala ndi nsomba zoseketsa ndi mitundu ina yomwe imafanana kukula kwake ndipo sakhala mgulu la nsomba zodya nyama mu aquarium yayikulu imodzi. Amphiprions amtundu uliwonse wamtundu uliwonse ndiwodzichepetsa, chifukwa chake, kutengera ukhondo wa aquarium ndi kayendedwe kabwino kodyetsa, amatha kusangalatsa eni ake kwazaka zambiri.
