Avid aquarists amakonda kuweta nsomba zosiyanasiyana zakunja ndi nyama zokongola, zachilendo zomwe zimakopa ndimitundu yosazolowereka, yodabwitsa komanso yosangalatsa, nthawi zina yamasewera. Ndipo palibe newts, akamba ofiira ofiira komanso axolotl omwe angafanane ndi anthu owala kwambiri m'madzi am'nyanja - nyanjayi.
Nyanjayi ndi m'modzi mwa oimira akutali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa, ma seahorses onse ndi gawo limodzi la nsomba zam'madzi zam'madzi, dongosolo longa singano.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pali amuna amodzi okha padziko lapansi omwe ali ndi ana awo amtsogolo - ma seahorses.
Mukamayang'anitsitsa, mudzawona kufanana kofanana ndi kansomba kakang'ono kameneka ndi chidutswa cha chess. Ndipo momwe nyanja imayenda mochititsa chidwi m'madzi, yokhotakhota komanso monyadira kwambiri imanyamula mutu wake wopindidwa kwambiri!
Ngakhale zovuta zimawoneka, kusunga nyanja ndiyofanana ndi kusunga nzika zina zam'madzi. Koma, tisanapeze munthu m'modzi kapena angapo, zinthu zambiri ziyenera kuganiziridwa, popanda moyo wa "singano yam'nyanja" yowala komanso yosangalatsa iyi singakhale yayitali momwe tikufunira.
Ma seahorses: zochititsa chidwi
Kukhalapo kwa nyanjayi kumadziwika zaka chikwi BC. M'nthano zakale zachiroma, amati mulungu wamitsinje ndi nyanja, Neptune, aliwonse akapita kukayang'ana zomwe ali nazo, amamangiriza "singano ya m'nyanja" pagaleta, lofanana kwambiri ndi kavalo. Chifukwa chake, zowonadi, Lord Neptune sangakhale wamkulu ngati angasunthire masiketi ang'onoang'ono a masentimita makumi atatu. Koma, mozama, ndizosowa kwambiri masiku ano kupeza ma aciculars apamadzi, omwe amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Kwenikweni, "ma skate" amafika mpaka masentimita khumi ndi awiri.
Masiku ano, amadziwika kale za kukhalapo kwa zotsalira zakale za makolo am'nyanja. Pakati pa kafukufukuyu pamasayansi, asayansi apeza kufanana kwa nyanjayi ndi nsomba ya singano.
Ndi chiyani - nyanja zam'nyanja
Masiku ano, amchere am'madzi amakhala ndi ma seahorses omwe amakhala kutalika kuyambira 12 millimeter mpaka makumi awiri sentimita. Koposa zonse, komabe, akatswiri am'madzi amakonda kusamalira Hippocampus erectus, awo. ma seahorses wamba.
Ma seahorses adatchulidwa makamaka, chifukwa mutu, chifuwa, khosi ndizofanana ndi ziwalo za kavalo. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, amasiyana ndi nsomba mu mawonekedwe osiyana. Mutu wa kavalo wa anthuwa wakhazikitsidwa mosiyana kotheratu ndi nsomba - mokhudzana ndi thupi, ili pamadigiri makumi asanu ndi anayi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nsomba zam'nyanjazi zili ndi maso omwe amayang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana.
Ndipo zolengedwa zazing'ono zazing'ono zam'madzi izi sizimasambira mopingasa, koma mozungulira ndipo zimakhala ndi masikelo mthupi lawo lonse, zida zamphamvu - zamfupa zokongola, mbale zokongola. Chipolopolo cha anthu ngati amchere ngati singano ndi "chitsulo", chomwe sichingabooledwe.
Ndikufunanso kutchula chinthu chosangalatsa cha mchira wopindika, wautali wa nsomba zam'madzi ngati mawonekedwe. Ngati nyanja zikazindikira kuti pali chilombo pafupi, zimathamangira msanga, ndere, zomwe zimamatira mchira wawo ndikutha kubisala.
Ndizosangalatsa! Poona kuti ali pachiwopsezo, nsomba zam'madzi - ma skate amamatira miyala yamchere kapena ndere ndi michira yawo yayitali ndikukhala osagwedezeka kwanthawi yayitali, atapachikika mozondoka.
Ngakhale akuwoneka bwino, nyanja zam'nyanja zimawerengedwa ngati nsomba zodya nyama, chifukwa amadya nkhanu ndi nkhanu.
Nyanjayi imatha kudzibisa yokha. Amatsanzira ngati bilimankhwe, kutenga mtundu wa komwe amaima. Kwenikweni, nsomba zam'madzi izi zimakonda kubisala pomwe pali mitundu yowala kwambiri, yowala kwambiri kuti isakumane ndi zolusa. Ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mitundu yowala, yamwamuna imakopa chidwi chachikazi, chomwe amachikonda kwambiri. Kuti asangalatse mkaziyo, amatha "kuvala" mtundu wake.
Ma seahorses, ngakhale atakhala ochepa, amawerengedwa kuti ndi nsomba zosowa kwenikweni, choncho ma subspecies awo makumi atatu adalembedwa mu Red Book. Vuto ndiloti chaka ndi chaka nyanja zapadziko lonse lapansi zimasandulika malo otaya zinyalala, chifukwa chakomwe miyala yamchere ndi ndere zimafera mochuluka, ndipo zamoyo za photosynthetic ndizofunikira kwambiri kunyanja.
Komanso, seahorse palokha kwakhala nyama yofunika kwambiri. Anthu achi China amagwira nsomba zambiri, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti amachiza matenda aliwonse. M'mayiko ambiri ku Europe, ma seahorses akufa amangokhala zida zopangira zikumbutso zosiyanasiyana.
Kusunga nyanja zapanyumba kunyumba
Ma bony apanyanja ndi achilendo, owala, oseketsa komanso okongola. Mwinanso, akumva kukongola kwawo ndi ukulu wawo, amakhala "opanda tanthauzo" akagwidwa ukapolo. Ndipo kuti nsomba izi zizimva bwino, ngakhale akatswiri odziwa zamadzi ayenera kuyesetsa kwambiri. Malo achilengedwe amayenera kupangidwira iwo kuti nyama zizimva momwemo monga m'madzi am'nyanja. Ndikofunikira kuwunika kutentha kwa malo okhala m'madzi. Ma seahorses amakhala omasuka m'madzi ozizira ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 23 mpaka 23, koma osatinso. M'nthawi yotentha, onetsetsani kuti mwayika dongosolo logawika pamwamba pa aquarium, mutha kungoyatsa fani. Mpweya wotentha ukhoza kutsamwitsa tizilombo timeneti ngakhale m’madzi ofunda.
Musanaike masiketi omwe agulidwa mu aquarium ndi madzi wamba, yang'anani mtundu wake: sayenera kukhala ndi phosphates kapena ammonia. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa nitrate m'madzi kumaloledwa pa tm ppm. Musaiwale kuwonjezera algae ndi miyala yamchere yomwe mumakonda ku aquarium yanu. Ma grotto apamtunda opangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira adzawonanso okongola.
Chifukwa chake mwasamalira nyumba yam'nyanja. Zifunikanso kuti azisamalira zakudya zopatsa thanzi, chifukwa nzika zokongola za mnyanjazi nthawi zambiri komanso zimakonda kudya nyama ndi zosowa. Nyanja iyenera kudya kangapo kanayi kapena kasanu patsiku, ikulandila nyama ya shrimp ndi crustacean. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugula nyama zopanda mafinya ndi ma crustaceans. Ma seahorses amakonda mtundu wa Shrimp shrimp, amasangalala ndi njenjete komanso daphnia mosangalala.
Kusunga regal seahorse ndi bizinesi yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imafuna kupirira komanso kuleza mtima kwambiri kuchokera kwa aquarist. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zazomwe zili m'nyanjayi, zomwe simuyenera kuiwala kwa mphindi imodzi:
- Ma boti onse am'nyanja amavutika ndi kusinthana kwa mpweya pang'ono chifukwa cha magill osagwira bwino ntchito. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kusefera kosalekeza kwamadzi ndi mpweya ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri panyanja.
- Ma seahorses alibe m'mimba, chifukwa chake amafunikira chakudya chochuluka kuti akhale athanzi komanso kuti asataye mphamvu.
- Ma seahorses alibe mamba, ndichifukwa chake amagonjetsedwa mosavuta ndi matenda aliwonse, makamaka mabakiteriya. Woyang'anira zachilengedwe pamalo otsekedwa amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse nyanjayo, yomwe imatha kuwonongeka.
- Ma seahorses ali ndi milomo yosangalatsa - proboscis, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe nyama izi zimayamwa nyama yomwe yagwidwa mwachangu kotero kuti imatha kumeza mollusks khumi osapota nthawi imodzi.
Kuswana kwam'nyanja
Nyanja ndi njonda zaluso! Amayamba chibwenzi chawo ndi kuvina kosakanizana, komwe amawonetsera kwa akazi. Ngati zonse zikuyenda, nsombayo imagwirana, imadzikulunga ndikuyang'ana mwatcheru. Chifukwa chake nyanja zam'madzi zimadziwana bwino. Pambuyo "kukumbatirana" kambiri wamkazi amayamba kutaya gulu lalikulu la caviar mchikwama chamwamuna mothandizidwa ndi nsonga yamabele ake. Transparent fry of seahorse amabadwa m'masiku 30 mwa anthu makumi awiri mpaka mazana awiri. Amatulutsa mwachangu - amuna!
Ndizosangalatsa! Mwachilengedwe, pali timagulu tating'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tomwe timatha kunyamula mwachangu zikwi.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti anawo ndi ovuta kwambiri kwa mwamuna wamnyanja yochenjera, atabereka, tsiku limodzi, kapena awiri, amapuma kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pa dziwe. Ndipo champhongo chokha, osati chachikazi, chimasamalira ana ake kwa nthawi yayitali, chomwe, ngati pangayembekezeredwe zoopsa, chitha kubisanso m'thumba la ana a abambo awo.
Malo oyandikana ndi nyanja ya Aquarium
Ma seahorses ndi nyama zodzichepetsa komanso zodabwitsa. Amatha kuyanjana mosavuta ndi nsomba zina ndi nyama zopanda mafupa. Nsomba zazing'ono zokha, zochedwa pang'onopang'ono komanso zosamala, ndizoyenera kwa iwo monga oyandikana nawo. Oyandikana nawo oterewa amatha kukhala nsomba - gobies ndi agalu ophatikizana. Pakati pa zamoyo zopanda mafinya, nkhono imatha kusiyanitsidwa - malo abwino kwambiri oyeretsa m'nyanja, komanso miyala yamtengo wapatali yopanda miyala.
Muthanso kuyika miyala yamoyo m'madzi okhala ndimiyala yam'madzi yooneka ngati singano, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti ali athanzi kwathunthu osati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Komwe mungagule nyanja yam'nyanja
M'malo aliwonse ogulitsira pa intaneti omwe amakhala m'madzi ndi malo ogulitsira ziweto, zithunzi ndi zithunzi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yam'nyanja zimaperekedwa, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri.
Ili pano kapena pamalo ogulitsira nyama zilizonse mumzinda mwanu momwe mungagulitsire nyanja pamitengo yabwino kwambiri. M'tsogolomu, masitolo ambiri ogulitsa ziweto amapereka kuchotsera kwakukulu kwa makasitomala awo wamba, kuyambira 10% kapena kupitilira apo mukamayitanitsa gulu la nyanja.
