Nthawi zambiri munthu wamba, kuti athane ndi vuto linalake, amafunika kukhala ndi luso lapadera, lapadera. Ndipo anthu amathetsa mavutowa mothandizidwa ndi abale ang'onoang'ono.
Utumiki wathu ndiwowopsa komanso wovuta: pazochita za agalu
Chilengedwe sichinakhale chowolowa manja kwambiri kwa anthu pankhani ya kununkhiza. Koma mwa agalu kumverera uku kumapangidwa, pafupifupi kakhumi ndi kasanu ndikuthwa kuposa momwe tili ndi "homosapiens" ndi zinyama zina zomwe zimakhala Padziko Lapansi.
Mwinanso ambiri mwa inu mudawonapo chojambula "The Cat Who Walked by himself", zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala imodzi mwa nthano za wolemba wotchuka Kipling. Chiwembucho chikuwonetsa momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino momwe munthu wakaleyu adayamba "kugwirira ntchito" moyenera ndi nyama zambiri. Ndipo m'modzi mwa oyamba omwe adayamba kutumikira anthu anali galu. Makolo athu adazindikira kuti galu ali ndi luso lotukuka, osati kununkhira kokha, komanso kumva ndi kuwona. Mwa zina, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba komanso mikhalidwe yolimbana kwambiri: ndi amene mungathe kusaka ndikupitilira kukayenda naye miyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe cholengedwa chilichonse padziko lapansi chomwe chingaphunzitsidwe mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu ngati galu.
Pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, abwenzi amiyendo inayi adaphunzitsidwa mwapadera ngati asitikali kunkhondo. Pambuyo pake, agalu anzeru abusa kokwanira kuposa omwe amapirira nawo ntchito zankhondo zomwe adapatsidwa, adakhala owononga kwambiri mgodi komanso oponya ma sappers. Malinga ndi kuwerengera komwe kunachitika pambuyo pake, mu nkhondo ya 1941-1945. agalu ophunzitsidwa mwapadera oposa 70,000 adatenga nawo gawo. Ntchito yayikulu panthawiyo inali kuwukira akasinja aku Germany. Agalu anali atamangidwa ndi zophulika, zomwe amayenera kunyamula kupita nazo mu thanki, chifukwa chake zidaphulika. Chifukwa chake, mothandizidwa ndi kumenya anzawo amiyendo inayi pankhondo, akasinja a adani 300 ndi magalimoto omenyera anawonongeka.
Ndipo agalu okhulupirika kwambiri komanso odzipereka ankagwira ntchito ngati zoyesera zanga. Monga mukudziwa, agalu ali ndi fungo lapadera komanso lakuthwa kwambiri, kotero kuti apeze zida zophulika pansi ndi chidutswa cha keke! Ma bloodhound atakwanitsa kupeza migodi pansi, nthawi yomweyo adapereka mawu ndikuwonetsa komwe kuli chinthu chowopsa.
Ndi angati a zolengedwa zokhulupirika ndi olimba mtima omwe apulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu panthawi yonse yankhondo - musamawerenge! Kupatula apo, ntchito yofunika kwambiri yopititsa pansi gawo la USSR, nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse itatha, idagwera agalu omenyera nkhondo. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti mu 1945, zoyang'anira zanga zidapeza mabomba okwanira pafupifupi zikwi makumi awiri ndi migodi yamitundumitundu. Ndipo panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, Sergeant Malanichev, mothandizidwa ndi agalu ake ophunzitsidwa bwino, adatha kuthana ndi mphindi zoposa 200: m'maola 2.5 a ntchito yopitilira.
N'zosatheka kukumbukira galu wodabwitsa - woyang'anira mgodi wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, wotchedwa Dzhulbars. Kwa zaka zambiri galu womenyanayu amakhala ndikukhala mokomera Amayi mu gulu lapadera la sapper. Munthawi yonse "yogwiririra galu", adapeza migodi pafupifupi zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Galu pambuyo pake adatchuka, chifukwa chotenga nawo gawo poteteza nyumba zachifumu ndi nyumba zachifumu ku Prague, Vienna, dera lomwe lili pamwamba pa Danube. Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo, nkhondo itatha, Dzhulbars ku Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, chifukwa cha kununkhira kwake, adatha kupeza migodi zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi theka zosiyana. Monga momwe ma sappers ankanenera, ku Ukraine adayamba kukambirana za "sapper" wolimba mtimayu atathandizira kuchotsa manda a wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu waku Ukraine Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko ndi Kiev Vladimir Cathedral ku Kanev.
Masiku ano, apolisi ndi ntchito zina zapadera zimasunganso abusa aku Germany ndi agalu amtundu wina, omwe amathandiza anthu kutsatira mapanga a mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikulimbana ndi uchigawenga. Mukakumana ndi anzanu omwe ali ndi miyendo inayi mdziko lililonse padziko lapansi pakadutsa malire, kuwongolera miyambo: amalembedwa ngati agalu othandizira, omwe amatha kupeza "zinthu zoletsedwa" mwachangu, kuti azindikire chigawenga.
Oyendetsa bwino: zomwe timadziwa za makoswe
Gulu la asayansi aku Belgian lidaganiza zoyesa mbewa zazikulu za ku Africa, popeza zimadziwika kuti nyama izi zimanunkhiza ngati agalu. Adaganiza zophunzitsa nyama zazing'onozi kufunafuna migodi yotsutsana ndi ogwira ntchito, chifukwa makoswe ndi ocheperako kuposa agalu, chifukwa chake mwayi wophulika ndi wocheperako. Zomwe asayansi achita ku Belgium zidachita bwino, ndipo pambuyo pake makoswe aku Africa adayamba kuleredwa makamaka kuti akafufuze migodi ku Mozambique ndi madera ena a Africa, komwe, monga zathu, zipolopolo zambiri zidatsalira pansi pambuyo pa nkhondoyi. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira 2000, asayansi agwira makoswe 30, omwe m'maola 25 adakwanitsa kupeza mahekitala mazana awiri aku Africa.
Amakhulupirira kuti migodi ya makoswe ndiyothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa ma sappers kapena agalu omwewo. Zowonadi, khoswe amayenda mamita mazana awiri a gawo la mphindi makumi awiri, ndipo munthu adzafunika mphindi 1500 kuti afufuze. Inde, ndi agalu - zoyesera mgodi ndizabwino kwambiri, koma ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri kuboma (kukonza, ntchito za omwe amagwira galu) kuposa "sappers" aimvi.
Zoposa mbalame zam'madzi: zisindikizo ndi mikango yam'nyanja
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri, mu 1915, V. Durov, mphunzitsi wodziwika ku Russia, adalimbikitsa gulu lankhondo kuti ligwiritse ntchito zisindikizo posaka migodi yam'madzi. Inde, kwa utsogoleri wa Gulu Lankhondo Laku Russia, zinali zachilendo, titha kunena njira yatsopano. Amakhulupirira kuti agalu okha ndi omwe ali ndi nzeru zapamwamba, chifukwa chake amatha kupeza mgodi kulikonse komwe ungagone. Komabe, kuyambira nkhondo, zida zambiri zophulika zapezeka m'madzi. Ndipo china chake chimayenera kuchitidwa za izi. Ndipo, atatha kuphunzira zonse zogwiritsa ntchito zisindikizo pakufufuza migodi yamadzi, kuphunzira kwakukulu kwa mbalame zam'madzi kunayamba pachilumba cha Crimea.
Chifukwa chake, m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira, zisindikizo makumi awiri zidaphunzitsidwa ku Balaklava, zomwe, modabwitsa, zinali zabwino kwambiri pophunzitsa. Pansi pamadzi, amapeza mosavuta zophulika, migodi ndi zida zina zophulika ndi zinthu, kuwayika ndi ma buoy nthawi iliyonse. Ophunzitsawo adakwanitsanso kuphunzitsa zina mwa zisindikizo za "mine detectors" kuyika migodi yapadera pa maginito azombo. Koma, zikhale zotero, sikunali kotheka kuyesa zisindikizo zophunzitsidwa mwapadera pambuyo pake - wina adayipitsa "nyama zankhondo yapanyanja".
Mikango yam'nyanja ndizisindikizo zomwe zimakhala bwino kwambiri m'madzi. Diso loyang'anitsitsa limathandiza nyama zokongola za m'madzi izi kupeza adani awo. Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo Laku US lakhala lowolowa manja kuwononga mamiliyoni a madola aku US pophunzitsa zisindikizo zam'nyanja ngati gawo la maphunziro obwezeretsa chinthu chowonongeka kapena kupeza zida zophulika.
Koma ku Irkutsk, zisindikizo zidaphunzitsidwa mwapadera chaka chino kuti ziwonetse momwe nyama izi zingathere mfuti zamanja m'manja, kuguba ndi mbendera pamadzi komanso kuthana ndi migodi yam'nyanja.
Kuteteza padziko lapansi: zomwe dolphins amatha kuchita
Ma dolphins adayamba kuphunzitsidwa ngati oyang'anira migodi apadera zisindikizo zankhondo zitatchuka kwambiri pagombe lina ku San Diego. Asayansi ochokera ku USSR adaganiza zotsimikizira kuti ma dolphin, monga mikango yam'nyanja, amatha kupindulitsa anthu, ngati "magulu apadera" anzeru kwambiri komanso olimba mtima
M'zaka za m'ma 60, ku Sevastopol, nyanja yayikulu idapangidwa, pomwe ma dolphin amaphunzitsidwa kuyang'ana pansi pamadzi osati migodi kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, komanso ma torpedoes ambiri omira. Kuphatikiza pa luso lawo komanso nzeru zawo zochulukirapo, mothandizidwa ndi kufalitsa kwa ma echolocation, ma dolphin amatha kuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri, zonse zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo. Ma dolphin adapeza chinthu chankhondo patali. Monga otetezera aluso, a dolphin ophunzitsidwa adapatsidwa gawo kuti "ayang'anire" ndi kuteteza malo apanyanja aku Black Sea.
