Penguin yaying'ono (yaying'ono) (Eudyptula yaying'ono) ndi ya banja la ma penguin, dongosolo longa penguin.
Penguin yaying'ono imafalikira.
Penguin wamng'ono amakhala pagombe lakumwera kwa Australia komanso kumpoto chakutali, komanso kunyanja ya New South Wales. Amapezeka m'mbali mwa New Zealand.
Eudyptula ang'ono ang'ono amapanga mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yaying'ono. E. m. Novaehollandia imafika mpaka m'mbali mwa nyanja ku Australia. Ma subspecies ena asanu: E. miredaei, e. M variabilis, e. M albosignata, e. M ochepa, e. M chathamensis, amakhala ku New Zealand.
Malo okhala anyani ang'onoang'ono.
Penguin zazing'ono zimakhala m'mayendedwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja okhala ndi zisa zoyenera. Amakhala m'makumba okumba mumchenga kapena pansi pa tchire. Ngati nthaka ndiyofewa kwambiri ndipo maenjewo aphwanyika, ma penguin awa amakhala m'mapanga ndi m'mapanga. Malo okhala kwambiri ndi magombe amiyala, mapiri, nkhalango zamtchire. Ma penguin ang'ono ndi mbalame zam'nyanja ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa penguin yaying'ono.
Ma penguin ang'ono kwambiri ndi mbalame zopanda ndege zolemera masentimita 30 komanso zolemera 1.1 mpaka 1.2 kg. Ali ndi milomo yakuda 35 mm kutalika. Iris wamaso ndi achisilamu, wabuluu, imvi ndi wachikaso. Chibwano ndi pakhosi ndi zoyera, mbali zakumunsi za mapiko ndi torso ndizofanana. Mbali yakumutu ya mutu, khosi ndi mbali yakuthambo, miyendo ndi torso ndi indigo buluu.
Mtundu wa nthenga za ma penguin ang'onoang'ono umatha ndi ukalamba, ndipo nthenga zimakhala zoyera, zotuwa, zofiirira. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi mtundu wofanana wa nthenga. Amuna ndi akulu kukula. Kutalika kwa mapiko pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi 117.5 mm pafupifupi. Mbalame zazing'ono zili ndi nthenga kumbuyo kwa mthunzi wowala wabuluu. Mlomo ndi wochepa thupi komanso wamfupi.
Kuswana penguin yaying'ono.
Pa nthawi yoswana, yaimuna imakopa yaikazi poyitana. Amagwira thupi lake chilili, amatukula mapiko ake kumbuyo kwake, amakoka khosi lake ndi mutu wake ndikupanga phokoso lofuula.
Ma penguin ang'onoang'ono amapanga awiriawiri okhaokha omwe amakhala osasintha kwanthawi yayitali.
Kubereka kumachitika kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala m'derali. Mbalame zimatha kupanga chisa pansi pazenje, m'mapanga ndi m'mapanga. Maenje okhala ndi zisa nthawi zambiri amakhala awiri mita kutalikirana. Komabe, ma penguin akagonera m'mapanga, zisa zawo zimakhala pafupi mamita awiri.
Clutch imakhala ndi mazira 1 mpaka 2. Mazira ndi osalala ndi oyera ndipo amalemera 53 g. Makulitsidwe amachitika mkati mwa masiku 31 mpaka 40.
Udindo waukulu pakuswana ndi wa mkazi, koma wamwamuna amalowa m'malo mwake masiku atatu kapena anayi aliwonse. Anapiye amalemera pakati pa 36 ndi 47 magalamu. Zophimbidwa ndi pansi ndipo sizisiya chisa kwa nthawi yayitali. Mbalame zazikulu zimadyetsa ana masiku 18 - 38. Nthawi imeneyi ikatha, makolo amangoyang'anira anapiye usiku. Kulemba kumachitika pakatha masiku 50 mpaka 65, pomwe anyani ang'onoang'ono amalemera kuyambira 800 g mpaka 1150 g. Amakhala odziyimira pawokha masiku 57 mpaka 78. Ma penguin achichepere amabala ali ndi zaka zitatu.
Kusakhala ndi chakudya chokwanira kumachedwetsa njira yoberekera. Mwayi wopambana woswana umakulanso ndi ukalamba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti ma penguin achikulire amakhala ndi chidziwitso chochulukirapo, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wopulumuka kwa ana.
Makhalidwe a penguin yaying'ono.
Ma penguin ang'onoang'ono amawonetsa nkhanza mukamaphwanya malire. Nthawi yomweyo, mbalamezi zimachenjeza koyamba, kenako zimangoyenda kumene, zimakhudzana ndikumenya. Amachenjeza pamene wobisalira ayandikira mtunda wa 1 mpaka 3 mita kuchokera ku penguin. Nthawi yomweyo, mbalameyo imalira kwambiri ndikutambasula mapiko ake. Mwamsanga akuthamangira kutsogolo kwa wolowererayo ndikumumenya ndi mapiko ake, kenako ndikumawombera.
Ma penguin ang'ono ndi mbalame zanyengo yozizira, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala tsiku lonse kunyanja ndikubwerera kumtunda madzulo.
Nthawi yoswana, anyani amasambira kuchokera kunyanja pamtunda wa 8 mpaka 9 km komanso kwa maola 12 mpaka 18. Kunja kwanyengo, ma penguin amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali mpaka 7-10 km, koma osapitilira 20 km kuchokera pagombe. Ma penguin ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kulowa m'madzi, ndipo ngakhale atha kulowa m'madzi okwanira 67 metres, amasankhabe kukhala pamtunda wamamita asanu kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi. Mbalame zimabwerera kumtunda pamodzi, zimadumphira kumtunda m'magulu. Kupita kumtunda mumdima kumachepetsa mwayi wodya adani.
Kutuluka m'madzi kumachitika kutatsala maola ochepa kutacha kapena patadutsa maola ochepa dzuwa litalowa. Kuyenda kwakukulu kwa ma penguin ang'onoang'ono mumdima ndi chochitika chachilengedwe chodabwitsa chofuna kupulumutsa mitunduyo. Ngakhale izi, kudalirako sikungapeweke. Ma penguin achikulire achikulire nthawi zambiri amakhala nyama za nsombazi, zisindikizo ndi anamgumi opha. Mbalame iliyonse yaying'ono imakhala ndi nyimbo zapadera zomwe makolo ndi abale awo amagwiritsira ntchito kusiyanitsa alendo ndi omwe akukhalamo.
Kudyetsa penguin pang'ono.
Ma penguin aang'ono makamaka ndi mbalame zomwe zimadya nsomba ndipo zimawagwirira nyama pansi posambira. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi nsomba za hering'i (anchovies ndi sardines). Mitundu ya nsomba zomwe zimadyedwa zimadalira dera la penguin. Penguin zazing'ono zimadya nyama zazing'onoting'ono, octopus ndi crustaceans.
Malo osungira a penguin wamng'ono.
Pakadali pano, ma penguin ang'onoang'ono ndi ena mwamitundu yomwe siziwopseza kuchuluka kwawo. Amakhulupirira kuti mbalame padziko lonse lapansi zimakhala pafupifupi 1,000,000. Komabe, m'malo ena pali kuchepa kwa ma penguin ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha kuukira kwa adani ndi kuipitsa mafuta.
Kukula kwa nsomba zamalonda kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ma penguin.
Zinthu monga chisokonezo, kukokoloka kwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso kuipitsa malo am'madzi ndi gombe zimakhudzanso kuswana kwa mbalamezi. Ma penguin ang'onoang'ono ndi malo otchuka okaona alendo. Pafupifupi alendo 500,000 amabwera chaka chilichonse kudzawona nyama ya penguin pagombe la Phillip Island. Mtundu uwu wa mbalame umasangalatsanso asayansi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake komanso kuthekera kokhala ndi moyo pamlingo woterewu. Nkhaniyi ndiyofunikira pakuphunzira za kutentha kwa thupi m'zinthu zamoyo.
Subpecies E. albosignata tsopano akuwoneka kuti ali pachiwopsezo ndipo amapezeka pagombe lakumwera kwa New Zealand.
