Nsomba yotchedwa 7-gill shark (Notorynchus cepedianus) ndi nsomba yakufa.
Kufalitsa nsombazi.
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri za gill zimagawidwa m'nyanja zonse kupatula Nyanja ya North Atlantic ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Mtunduwu umayambira kum'mwera kwa Brazil mpaka kumpoto kwa Argentina, kumwera chakum'mawa ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Atlantic Ocean. Mitundu ya nsombazi imapezeka pafupi ndi Namibia ku South Africa, m'madzi a South Japan mpaka ku New Zealand, komanso pafupi ndi Canada, Chile, kum'mawa kwa dera la Pacific. Asodzi a gill asanu ndi awiri adalembedwa mu Indian Ocean, komabe, kudalirika kwa izi sikukayika.
Malo okhala nsombazi.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi zamoyo zam'madzi zomwe zimakhudzana ndi alumali. Amakhala m'mayendedwe osiyanasiyana kutengera kukula. Anthu akuluakulu amakonda kukhala pansi pa nyanja mpaka mamita 570 ndipo amapezeka m'malo ozama. Zitsanzo zazing'ono zimasungidwa m'madzi osaya, am'mbali mwa nyanja osachepera mita imodzi ndipo amapezeka m'malo osaya pafupi ndi gombe kapena pakamwa pamitsinje. Nsombazi zimakhala ndi miyala pansi, ngakhale nthawi zambiri zimasambira pafupi ndi matope kapena mchenga. Semigill shark amakonda kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, mosalala pafupifupi pafupi ndi gawo lapansi, koma nthawi zina amasambira pamwamba.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa khungu lakuthwa-7-gark shark.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi ma gill (ma shark ambiri ali ndi asanu okha), omwe amakhala kutsogolo kwa thupi pafupi ndi zipsepse za pectoral. Mutu ndi wotambalala, wokutidwa, wokhala ndi matupi amfupi akunja, pomwe pakamwa pakatseguka pamayang'ana, maso ang'onoang'ono sawoneka. Pali dorsal fin imodzi yokha (ma shark ambiri amakhala ndi zipsepse ziwiri zakuthambo), ili kutali kwambiri ndi thupi.
Mapiko a heterocercal caudal fin ndi anal kumapeto kwake ndi ocheperako kuposa a dorsal fin. Mtundu wa nsombazi kumbuyo ndi mbali zimakhala zofiirira, zofiirira kapena zofiirira. Pali madontho ang'onoang'ono, akuda pathupi. Mimba ndiyotapira. Mano a nsagwada yakumunsi ndi ofanana ngati zisa ndipo mano pachibwano chapamwamba amapanganso mzere wosagwirizana. Kutalika kwambiri ndi 300 cm ndipo kulemera kwakukulu kumafika 107 kg. Sharki wakhanda ndi wamkulu masentimita 45 mpaka 53. Amuna amakula msinkhu pakati pa 150 ndi 180 cm kutalika ndipo akazi amakula msinkhu pakati pa masentimita 192 ndi 208. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna.
Kuswana kwa nsombazi.
Nsombazi zimakonda kubzala nsomba chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse. Zazikazi zimanyamula ana kwa miyezi 12 ndipo nthawi yachisanu kapena koyambirira kwa chilimwe amasunthira kumalo osaya pang'ono kuti abereke mwachangu.
Mazira amayamba kukula mkati mwa thupi la mkazi ndipo mazirawo amalandila michere kuchokera mu yolk sac.
Shaki zisanu ndi ziwiri (7) malo okhala m'madzi. Zaka zapakati pa kubala zazingwe zazingwe zosadziwika sizidziwika, koma akazi amakhulupirira kuti amabereka azaka zapakati pa 20 mpaka 25. Amabereka ana zaka ziwiri zilizonse (miyezi 24 iliyonse). Sharki iyi imakhala ndi chonde chochepa, mwachangu ndi yayikulu, nsombazi zazing'ono zimakula pang'onopang'ono, zimaswana mochedwa, zimakhala ndi moyo wautali komanso zimapulumuka kwambiri. Pambuyo pobadwa, nsombazi zazing'ono zimadyetsa zokha, nsomba zazikulu sizisamalira anawo. Zidziwitso zochepa ndizomwe zimakhalapo pakakhala moyo wa shark wololera mutu. Amakhulupirira kuti amakhala kuthengo kwa zaka pafupifupi 50.
Khalidwe la nsombazi za mutu wa-gill-seven.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi timiyendo tosanja tomwe timasaka nyama. Kusuntha kwawo pofunafuna chakudya m'malo ophatikizika kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa komanso kuyenda. M'nyengo yachilimwe ndi chilimwe, nsomba zimasambira m'mphepete mwa nyanja, pomwe zimaswana ndikupatsa ana. M'malo amenewa amadyetsa mpaka nthawi yophukira. Amabwerera kumadera ena nyengo yake. Nsombazi zimakhala ndi lingaliro labwino la mankhwala, zimawonekeranso kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi, ndipo zimachita ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Kudyetsa nsombazi.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi nyama zolusa zowopsa. Amasaka chimera, ma stingray, ma dolphin, ndi zisindikizo.
Amadya mitundu ina ya nsombazi ndi nsomba zamathambo zosiyanasiyana monga hering'i, nsomba, mafuta, komanso zovunda, kuphatikizapo makoswe akufa.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi mlenje wapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zimasaka nyama pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Amathamangitsa nyama m'magulu kapena kubisalira, pang'onopang'ono amazemba kenako amaukira mwamphamvu. Nsagwada zakumunsi zili ndi mano otupa, ndipo mano ake nsagwada zakumtunda ndi otetedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa nsombazi kudyetsa nyama zazikulu. Chilombo chikaluma nyama, mano ake nsagwada yakumunsi, ngati nangula, amasunga nyama. Shaki imayendetsa mutu wake uku ndi uku kuti idule nyama ndi mano ake akum'mwamba. Ikadzaza, nsombayo imagaya chakudya kwa maola angapo kapena masiku angapo. Chakudya cholimba choterocho chimalola kuti nsombazi zisamagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zawo posaka masiku angapo. Mwezi uliwonse, shark wamkulu wa gill asanu ndi awiri amadya gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a kulemera kwake.
Ntchito ya chilengedwe cha gill-seven shark.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi nyama zolusa zomwe zimakhala pamwamba pa piramidi yachilengedwe. Palibe zambiri zazokhudza zachilengedwe zilizonse zomwe zadutsa zamtunduyu. Amawasaka ndi nsombazi zazikuluzikulu: nsomba yoyera yoyera komanso yakupha.
Kutanthauza kwa munthu.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi nyama yapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala malonda. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu akumaloko amagwiritsa ntchito khungu lamphamvu la nsomba, ndipo chiwindi ndichida chopangira mankhwala.
Nsombazi zodumphira m'mutu mwawo zimatha kukhala zowopsa kwa anthu m'madzi otseguka. Kuukira kwawo anthu osiyanasiyana pagombe la California ndi South Africa kwalembedwa. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti izi sizinatsimikizidwe, ndizotheka kuti anali nsomba zamtundu wina.
Malo otetezera nsombazi.
Palibe chidziwitso chokwanira kuphatikizira nsombazi zomwe zili pamutu paphiri pa IUCN Red List kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali zoopseza zachindunji kapena zosagwirizana ndi malo amtunduwu. Chifukwa chake, pakufunika zambiri kuti timve bwino za shark wololera mutu.
