Merganser waku Brazil (Octosetaceus mergus) ndi wa banja la bakha, dongosolo la Anseriformes.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa mgwirizano waku Brazil
Merganser ya ku Brazil ndi bakha wakuda, wowonda kwambiri wokhala ndi kotalika kotalika masentimita 49-56. Khola lakuda lowonekera lokhala ndi chitsulo chobiriwira chakuda. Chifuwacho ndi chotuwa, chokhala ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono amdima, m'munsimu mtunduwo umakhala wosalala ndipo umasanduka mimba yoyera. Pamwamba ndi imvi yakuda. Mapikowo ndi oyera, okulitsidwa. Mlomo ndi wautali, wamdima. Miyendo ndi pinki ndi lilac. Kutalika, kothithikana, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofupikira mwa mkazi.
Mverani mawu aku merganser aku Brazil
Mawu a mbalameyo ndi owuma komanso owuma.
Chifukwa chiyani ophatikiza aku Brazil ali pachiwopsezo?
Ogwirizira aku Brazil atsala pang'ono kutha. Zolemba zaposachedwa zochokera ku Brazil zikuwonetsa kuti mtundu wa mitunduyi ungakhale wabwinoko pang'ono kuposa momwe zimaganiziridwapo kale. Komabe, anthu otsala odziwika akadali ochepa kwambiri ndipo amagawika kwambiri. Kupezeka kwa madamu ndi kuipitsa mitsinje zikuyenera kukhala zifukwa zazikulu zakuchulukirachulukira. Ogwirizira aku Brazil amakhala ochepa kwambiri mdera logawanika kwambiri kumwera ndi pakati pa Brazil. Abakha ambiri amapezeka ku Serra da Canastra Park, komwe amapezeka kudera lochepa.
Pamalo opita ku Rio San Francisco kupita ku West Bahia, ophatikiza aku Brazil sanapezeke. Posachedwa, abakha osowa amapezeka m'matauni a Patrosinio, Minas Gerais, koma mwachidziwikire awa anali maulendo owuluka mbalame nthawi zina. Ophatikiza aku Brazil amakhalanso pafupi ndi paki ku Rio das Pedras. Chiwerengero chochepa cha ma Mergansers aku Brazil chidapezeka mu 2002 ku Rio Novo, ku Jalapão Park, Tocantins State.
Mitundu itatu yoswana idawonedwa pamtunda wa makilomita 55 ku Rio Nova, ndipo magulu anayi adawonedwa 115 km kuchokera mzindawu mu 2010-2011.
Ku Argentina, ku Misiones, anthu 12 adapezeka ku Arroyo Uruzú mu 2002, iyi ndiye mbiri yoyamba mzaka 10, ngakhale panali kafukufuku wambiri m'derali.
Ku Paraguay, ophatikiza ku Brazil mwachionekere asiya malowa. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwaposachedwa, zimachitika m'malo atatu akulu m'malo 70-100. Chiwerengero cha abakha osowa pakadali pano sichipitilira anthu okhwima 50-249.
Malo okhala merganser aku Brazil
Ophatikizira aku Brazil amakhala mumitsinje yosaya, yothamanga ndi ma rapids ndi madzi oyera. Amasankha mitsinje yayikulu yam'madzi, koma amakhalanso m'mitsinje yaying'ono yokhala ndi nkhalango zowonekera mozungulira "serrado" (madera otentha) kapena m'nkhalango ya Atlantic. Ndi mtundu wokhala pansi, ndipo pagawo lamtsinje, mbalame zimakhazikitsa gawo lawo.
Kubweretsa Merganser yaku Brazil
Pawiri ophatikizira aku Brazil kuti apange zisa amasankha dera lomwe lili ndi makilomita 8-14 kutalika. Malo okhala amakhala ndi mitsinje yambiri pamtsinje, mafunde amphamvu, kuchuluka ndi kusamalira zomera. Chisa chimakonzedwa m'maenje, ming'alu, m'malo opezeka m'mbali mwa mtsinje. Nthawi yobereketsa ndi Juni ndi Ogasiti, koma nthawi imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera dera lomwe lili. Makulitsidwe amatha masiku 33. Mbalame zazing'ono zimawonedwa kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Novembala.
Chakudya cha Merganser waku Brazil
Ophatikizira aku Brazil amadya nsomba, ma eel ang'onoang'ono, mbozi za tizilombo, ntchentche ndi nkhono. Ku Serra da Canastra, mbalame zimadya lambari.
Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha ophatikizika aku Brazil
Chiwerengero cha ma Mergansers aku Brazil chakhala chikuchepa mwachangu mzaka 20 zapitazi (mibadwo itatu), chifukwa cha kutayika ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala, komanso kukula kwa zomangamanga zamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito malo olimira soya ndi migodi.
Mwina ophatikizika aku Brazil akadapulumukabe m'malo opanda mitengo, osakhudzidwa m'mbali mwa mtsinje ku Cerrado.
Kuwonongeka kwa mitsinje chifukwa cha kudula mitengo mwachangu komanso ntchito zochulukirapo zaulimi mdera la Serra da Canastra ndi migodi ya diamondi zadzetsa kuchepa kwa omwe akuphatikiza ku Brazil. M'mbuyomu, mitunduyi idabisala m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino, zomwe, ngakhale zidatetezedwa ndi malamulo ku Brazil, zidaponderezedwa mopanda chifundo.
Ntchito yomanga madamu yawononga kale malo okhala merganser m'malo ambiri.
Ntchito zokopa alendo m'malo odziwika komanso m'mapaki adziko zikuwonjezera nkhawa.
Njira zotetezera merganser yaku Brazil
Mergansers aku Brazil ali otetezedwa m'mapaki atatu aku Brazil, awiri omwe ndi aboma ndipo amodzi ndi malo achitetezo achitetezo. A Conservation Action Plan yasindikizidwa, yofotokoza momwe zinthu ziliri ku Brazil Merganser, zachilengedwe, ziwopsezo ndi njira zoyeserera. Ku Argentina, gawo la Arroyo Uruzú ku Brazil merganser limatetezedwa ku Uruguaí Provincial Park. Serra da Canastra amayang'aniridwa pafupipafupi.
M'malo osungira nyama ku Brazil, anthu 14 adatsilidwa, ndipo asanu mwa iwo alandila mawailesi kuti azitsatira kuyenda kwa mbalame. Zisa zopangira zaikidwa m'dera lotetezedwa. Kafukufuku wamtundu ali mkati mwa anthu, zomwe zithandizira kuteteza mitunduyo. Pulogalamu yobereketsa yomwe idayambitsidwa mu 2011 mtawuni ya Pocos de Caldes pamalo operekera ku Minas Gerais ikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino, pomwe abakha angapo achichepere adaleredwa bwino ndikutulutsidwa kuthengo. Ntchito zophunzitsa zachilengedwe zakwaniritsidwa kuyambira 2004 ku San Roque de Minas ndi Bonita.
Njira zosungira zikuphatikiza kuwunika ngati mitundu ya zamoyozo ku Serra da Canastra ndikuwunika malo m'chigawo cha Jalapão kuti apeze anthu atsopano. Pitirizani kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa njira zofufuzira pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za satellite. Kuteteza madera ndi malo okhala mitsinje ya anthu ndikofunikira, makamaka ku Bahia. Kukulitsa kuzindikira kwa anthu amderalo kuti atsimikizire malipoti akomweko zakupezeka kwa mitundu yosaonekayi. Lonjezani gawo la paki ku Brazil. Pitirizani pulogalamu yobereketsa ya Mergansers aku Brazil. Mu 2014, malamulo oyendetsera ntchito adalandiridwa oletsa kugwira ntchito kulikonse komwe ophatikiza aku Brazil amapezeka.
