Njoka yamfumu yam'mapiri (Lampropeltis pyromelana) ndi ya banja lomwe lakhala lopangidwa kale, mwa dongosolo - zotupa.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa njoka yachifumu yaphiri
Kutalika kwa thupi la njoka yachifumu yamphiri kuyambira pa 0.9 mpaka mita imodzi.
Mutu ndi wakuda, mphuno ndi yopepuka. Mphete yoyamba ndiyoyera pamwamba pamapangidwe ake. Chikopa chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikwingwirima yofiira, yakuda ndi yoyera. Pamwamba pa thupi, mikwingwirima yakuda imalumikizana pang'ono ndi mtundu wofiira. Pamimba, magawo osiyana akuda, ofiira, ndi achikaso amaphatikizidwa mosasintha, ndikupanga utoto wa anthu osiyanasiyana. Pali 37 - 40 mikwingwirima yopepuka, nambala yake ndi yocheperako kuposa ya subspecies ya Arizona, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu - 42 - 61. Pamwamba, mikwingwirima yakuda ndiyotakata, mbali zake zimakhala zopapatiza ndipo sizifika pachikopa pamimba. Pansipa pathupi pake pamakhala poyera ndi mikwingwirima yosaoneka bwino ya kirimu yomwe ili pambali.
Amuna ndi akazi amawoneka ofanana.
Amuna okha ndi omwe ali ndi mchira wautali, amakhala ndi matope apansi, kuchokera kumtunduwo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, osandulika kondomu. Mchira wa mkazi ndi waufupi komanso wopanda kumatirira pansi;
Kufalikira kwa njoka yachifumu yaphiri
Njoka yachifumu yam'mapiri imakhala m'mapiri a Huachuca, omwe amapezeka ku Mexico ndikupitilira ku Arizona, komwe mtunduwu umafalikira kumwera chakum'mawa ndi pakati. Malo okhalamo amayambira kumpoto kwa Mexico, akupitilira Sonora ndi Chihuahua.
Malo okhala njoka zachifumu zaphiri
Njoka yamfumu yamapiri imakonda malo okhala ndi miyala pamalo okwera. M'mapiri amatalika mpaka kutalika kwa mita 2730. Amakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri ndimitengo yodula komanso yamitengo ikuluikulu. Kukhazikika m'nkhalango, m'malo otsetsereka, mitsinje yamiyala yodzala ndi tchire, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira.
Moyo wamapiri wachifumu wamapiri
Njoka yachifumu yaphiri ndi nyama yokwawa pansi. Makamaka amasaka masana. Usiku imabisala m'mabowo a makoswe, dzenje pakati pa mizu ya mitengo, pansi pa thunthu logwa, pansi pa milu yamiyala, pakati pa nkhalango zowirira, m'ming'alu ndi m'malo ena obisalamo.
Kudyetsa Njoka ku Royal Mountain
Njoka yachifumu yam'mapiri imadyetsa:
- makoswe ang'onoang'ono,
- abuluzi
- mbalame.
Amasaka mitundu ina ya njoka. Njoka zazing'ono zimaukira abuluzi pafupifupi kokha.
Kuswana njoka yachifumu yamapiri
Nthawi yobereketsa njoka zam'mapiri amfumu imachitika mu Epulo ndipo imatha mpaka Juni. Zinyama zimabereka zikafika zaka 2-3, akazi amapatsa ana pambuyo pa amuna. Mitundu yamavuto. Kukondana mu njoka kumatenga mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka khumi ndi zisanu. Mazirawo amatha masiku 50-65. Mu zowalamulira nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuyambira atatu mpaka eyiti. Njoka zazing'ono zimawoneka patatha masiku 65-80. Amayamba kudzidyetsa okha pambuyo pa molt woyamba. Amakhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 9 mpaka khumi.
Kusunga njoka yachifumu yaphiri
Njoka zaku phiri lachifumu zimasungidwa mozungulira mu chidebe chopingasa chomwe chimakhala ndi masentimita 50 × 40 × 40. Ali mu ukapolo, mtundu wa reptile wotereyu umakonda kuwonetsa kudya anthu ena ndikuukira abale ake. Njoka zaku phiri lachifumu sizinyama zowopsa, nthawi yomweyo, poizoni wa njoka zina (zomwe zimakhala mdera lomwelo) sizimawakhudza, motero zimamenyera abale awo ang'onoang'ono.
Kutentha kwakukulu kumayikidwa 30-32 ° C, usiku imatsitsidwa mpaka 23-25 ° C. Kuti mutenthe bwino, gwiritsani ntchito chingwe kapena matenthedwe. Ikani mbale ndi madzi akumwa ndikusamba. Zokwawa zimafunikira mankhwala amadzi panthawi ya molting. Terrarium chokongoletsedwa ndi nthambi youma, stumps, maalumali, nyumba. Cuvette yodzazidwa ndi sphagnum imayikidwa kuti isunge malo onyentchera kuti njokayo ikadziyike yokha. Mchenga wolimba, miyala yoyera, shavings ya kokonati, gawo lapansi kapena zidutswa za pepala zosefera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dothi. Kupopera mbewu ndi madzi ofunda kumachitika tsiku lililonse. Sphagnum iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, izi zithandizira kuti mpweya uume pang'ono.
Njoka zachifumu zomwe zili mu ukapolo zimadyetsedwa ndi ma hamsters, mbewa, makoswe, zinziri. Nthawi zina amapatsa achule akalulu ndi abuluzi ang'onoang'ono. Pazakudya zolimbitsa thupi, mavitamini ndi michere yama michere amawonjezeredwa pachakudya, zinthu izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa njoka zazing'ono zomwe zimakula. Pambuyo pa molt woyamba, womwe umachitika masiku a 20-23, amadyetsedwa ndi mbewa.
Mitundu yaying'ono ya njoka yachifumu yamapiri
Njoka yachifumu yam'mapiri imapanga ma subspecies anayi ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu, yosiyana ndi khungu.
- Subpecies (Lampropeltis pyromelana pyromelana) ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kakang'ono ka 0,5 mpaka 0.7 mita. Amagawidwa kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi pakati pa Arizona, kumpoto kwa Mexico. Malowa amayambira ku Sonora ndikupitilira ku Chihuahua. Okhala m'malo okwera mpaka 3000 mita.
- Subpecies (Lampropeltis pyromelana infralabialis) kapena milomo yotsika ya Arizona yolemera matupi 75 mpaka 90 masentimita, osafikapo mita imodzi. Khungu limakhala lofiira kwambiri ndi mikwingwirima yoyera komanso yakuda.
Amapezeka ku USA kum'mawa kwa Nevada, pakati ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Utah, ku Arizona ku Grand Canyon. - Subspecies (Lampropeltis pyromelana knoblochi) ndi njoka yachifumu yaku Arizona ya Knobloch.
Amakhala ku Mexico, amakhala m'chigawo cha Chihuahua. Amakhala moyo wobisalira usiku komanso wobisa, chifukwa chake, zomwe biology ya subspecies sizimvetsetsa. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mita imodzi. Pakatikati mwa mbali yakumbuyo, pali mzere woyera woyera wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira ofiira okhala ndi malire akuda m'mbali mwa mzerewo, womwe uli motsatira. Mzere woyera wakumbuyo umakhala m'malire ndi nthiti zakuda zakuda zomwe zimasiyanitsa pansi pofiira. Mimba ili ndi dongosolo la masikelo akuda obalalika mwachisawawa. - Subspecies (Lampropeltis pyromelana woodini) ndi njoka yachifumu ya Arizona Woodin. Kugawidwa ku Arizona (mapiri a Huachuca), omwe amapezekanso ku Mexico. Amakonda kukhala m'chipululu pamalo otsetsereka amiyala. Makulidwe a njokayo ndi ochokera 90 cm mpaka 100. Mutu wake ndi wakuda, mphuno ndiyoyera. Mphete yoyamba yoyera imachepetsedwa pamwamba. Pali mikwingwirima yoyera pang'ono pathupi, kuyambira 37 mpaka 40. Mphete zakuda ndizotambalala pamwamba, kenako zimachepa m'mbali, sizifika pamatumba am'mimba. Mimbayo ndi yoyera yopanda mikwingwirima yonyezimira kirimu kuyambira mbali zamthupi. Izi zimayikira mazira pafupifupi 15.
