Buzzard - wokhazikika

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Khwangwala wokhazikika (Buteo solitarius) ndi wa dongosolo la Falconiformes.

Zizindikiro zakunja kwa khungubwe

Khwangwala yekhayekha amakhala ndi thupi lokulirapo masentimita 46. Mapiko ake ndi 87 - 101 masentimita. Kulemera kwake kwa mbalame yodya nyama kumafika magalamu 441. Kukula kwachikazi ndikokulirapo kuposa kwamphongo; chachikazi chachikulu chimalemera mpaka 605 g.

Ndi kambalame kakang'ono kodya nyama kokhala ndi mapiko otambalala ndi mchira wachidule. Mtundu wa nthenga umaperekedwa m'mitundu iwiri: yakuda komanso yopepuka, ngakhale nthenga zili pakatikati, kusiyanasiyana kumatheka. Mbalame zokhala ndi nthenga zakuda pamwambapa ndi pansi pake zimakhala zofiirira. Mphuno ya mthunzi womwewo, kuphatikizapo pamutu, pachifuwa ndi pansi.

Anthu owala pang'ono ali ndi mutu wakuda, chifuwa chowala ndi nthenga mkati mwa mapiko. Pansi pa nthenga pali zoyera ndi zolemba zofiira.

Achikulire achizungu amakhala ndi chivundikiro cha nthenga, kupatula mapiko. Mwa achikulire omwe ali ndi morph yakuda, nthenga zomwe zili pansipa ndizofiirira. Pamimba pamakhala zounikira zowonekera. M'nyengo yoswana, mwina mwa mkazi, ngodya ya khungu imawonekera pamwamba pa mlomo wachikaso.

Komabe, mbalame zazing'ono zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakonda kukhala zofiirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiirira ndi nthenga zoyera zazina zakumbuyo ndi m'mimba, koma mbalame zazikulu zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi nthenga za mutu ndi chifuwa, zofiira pang'ono. Sera ndi ya buluu. Miyendo ndi yachikasu yobiriwira.

Malo okhala Hermit Buzzard

Mphemvu za ku Hawaii zimagawidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana mpaka mamiliyoni 2,700. Amakhala madera onse azam'mapiri komanso nkhalango zonse pachilumbachi, kuphatikiza madera a mthethe ndi bulugamu. Amakonda kupanga chisa m'mitengo ya Metrosideros, yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono imazimiririka.

Mbalame zodya nyama zimazolowera kusintha kwina ndikukhala kumapeto kwa minda ya nzimbe, papaya, macadamia, m'minda ndi minda, komwe zimasaka mbalame ndi makoswe. Koma chofunikira pakupezeka kwa ntchentche ndikumakhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, yochepa. Malo okhala ali ndi chakudya chokwanira (makoswe ambiri). Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwa malo oyambilira ndikusintha kwa malo obzala mbewu zolimidwa sizomwe zimalepheretsa kubalalanso kwa khungubwe.

Kufalikira kwa khwangwala yekhayekha

Khungubwe wokhawokha amapezeka ku zilumba za Hawaii. Amapezeka makamaka pachilumba chachikulu. Komabe, kupezeka kwake kumadziwika pazilumba zapafupi: Maui, Oahu ndi Kauai.

Kuswana kwa khwangwala wokha

Nyengo yodzala ndi akhungubwe amakhala mu Marichi ndipo amatha mpaka Seputembara. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi, pali mapangidwe awiriawiri. Kusiyana kwakukulu munthawi zoswana kumadalira mvula yapachaka nthawi yamvula. M'nyengo yobereketsa, mbalame ziwiri zimauluka mokwera m'madzi ndikutuluka ndi mapiko akugwedezeka ndikugwira zibwano za mnzake. Pakubzala mazira, mbalame zodya nyama zimakhala zamphamvu, poteteza gawo lawo. Amawukira aliyense amene aphwanya malire a dera linalake, kuphatikizapo munthu.

Mbalame zonsezi zimamanga chisa.

Awa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a nthambi zawo, omwe amakhala pambali pa nthambi yayitali mtunda wa 3.5 - 18 mita kuchokera padziko lapansi. Chisa ndi chachikulu pafupifupi masentimita 50. Mkazi amayika dzira limodzi lokha, loyera buluu kapena loyera. Makulitsidwe amatha pafupifupi masiku 38, ndipo nthawi yonse yogona imakhala kuyambira masiku 59 mpaka 63. Yaimuna imabweretsa chakudya cha milungu inayi yoyambirira. Kuchuluka kwa anapiye oyamwitsa kuyambira 50 mpaka 70%. Mbalame zazing'ono zam'mlengalenga zimauluka koyamba m'masabata 7-8.

Magulu awiri a ankhandwe omwe aswa bwinobwino ana nthawi zambiri samabala chaka chamawa. Mbalame zazikuluzikulu zimadyetsa mbalame zazing'ono masabata ena 25-37 pambuyo pa nthenga zawo.

Kudyetsa Bermard wa Hermit

Akhungubwe a Hermit samakonda kwambiri chakudya ndipo amatha kuzolowera zakudya zina kutengera kupezeka kwa zinthu. Chakudya chawo chidakulirakulira ndikukula kwa Hawaii ndi a Polynesia ndi azungu - atsamunda, omwe adapereka mwayi watsopano wolowerera.

Pakadali pano, nyama zodya buzzards zimaphatikizaponso mitundu 23 ya mbalame, nyama 6 zoyamwitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudyacho chimaphatikizanso tizilombo tomwe, komanso amphibian ndi crustaceans.

Zakudya zimasiyanasiyana kutengera malo omwe mbalamezi zimakhala.

Kumalo otsika, pamene zisa zili m'nkhalango kapena pafupi ndi mbewu za mbewu zolimidwa, mbalame zodya nyama zimasaka mbalame zazing'ono, zomwe zimakhala nyama zambiri (pafupifupi 64%). M'madera amapiri, chakudya chachikulu ndizanyama, pafupifupi 84%. M'mapiri, palinso kusiyana pakadyedwe kutengera mtundu wa mbalame: amuna amapeza mbalame zambiri kuposa zazikazi. Komabe, kumadera omwe ali ndi mapiri, palibe kusiyana komwe kunadziwika pakudya kwa amuna ndi akazi.

Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa anthu okhala okhaokha

Kuchepa kwa ziwombankhanga zomwe zimakhalapo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa malo okhala chifukwa chodula mitengo mwachisawawa. Kulowetsa kunja kwa maululu amnyumba kumakhudza nkhalango ndikuwononga kusinthika kwake. Choyamba, mitengo ya mitundu yakomweko imasowa, pomwe imangokhala buzzards. Ndipo m'malo mwa iwo zosowa zomera kukula, kusintha malo. Dzikolo limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati msipu, kubzala bulugamu, kumanga, kulima m'minda ya nzimbe.

Kuteteza kwa khwangwala wokhazikika

Khwangwala yekhayo adatchulidwa mu Zowonjezera II ku CITES. Imatetezedwa ngati nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ku USA. Mu IUCN Red List, amadziwika kuti ali pangozi. Kutsatira kafukufuku yemwe adachitika pachilumbachi mu 2007, ndondomeko yowunikira yakhazikitsidwa kuti m'deralo isapezere ziweto zanyama kuchokera kumalo obwezeretsanso.

Pakadali pano, anthu omwe amakhala ngati khwangwala amadziwika kuti ndi okhazikika. Kutsika m'mbuyomu kwa mbalame zodya nyama kunali chifukwa cha kuwombera kosalamulira komanso mitundu ina yakutsata mwachindunji. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kwatsika chifukwa cha mliri wa chimfine cha avian.

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Onerani kanemayo: NeoTune! u0026 Hermax - Buzzard. Diversity Release (November 2024).