Balu shark (lat. Balantiocheilos melanopterus) amadziwikanso kuti shark barb, koma alibe chochita ndi nsomba zolusa za m'madzi. Chifukwa chake amatchedwa kuti mawonekedwe amthupi ndi kutalika kwake.
Koma kwenikweni, izi ndizo zonse zomwe zili mwa iye kuchokera kwa mdani woopsa. Ngakhale amawoneka owopsa, makamaka akakula, samakhala achiwawa. Amasungidwa ndi nsomba zina zamtendere osati zazing'ono.
Osachepera ochepa kuti balu akhoza kuwameza. Imeneyi ndi nsomba yolimba ndipo siyofunika kwenikweni kuti idyedwe.
Tidzawoneka bwino mkati mwa madzi ngati zinthu zili bwino.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Balu shark (Balantiocheilus melanopterus) adafotokozedwa ndi Bleeker mu 1851. Amakhala ku Southeast Asia, Sumatra ndi Borneo ndi Malay Peninsula.
M'mbuyomu adanenedwa kuti kwawo ndi ku Thailand komwe kuli nsomba za Mekong. Komabe, mchaka cha 2007, kunatsutsidwa komwe kunatsimikizira kuti zamoyozi sizipezeka mderali.
Mitunduyi yatchulidwa mu Red Book ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Chiwerengero cha nsomba m'chilengedwe chimachepa pafupipafupi pazifukwa zomwe sizinafotokozedwe.
Palibe umboni kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusodza kwa zosowa za anthu okhala m'madzi, mwina kutha kwake ndi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Nsomba zogulitsa zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku Thailand ndi Indonesia, komwe amakulira m'mafamu pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni.
Malo okhala achilengedwe amaphatikizapo mitsinje yayikulu mpaka yayikulu, monga Danau Sentarum ku Borneo.
Balu ndi mtundu wa pelagic, ndiye kuti, wokhala m'madzi onse, osati pansi kapena pamwamba. Amadyetsa makamaka zazing'ono zazing'ono, ma rotifers (nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi), tizilombo ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, komanso ndere, phytoplankton (microalgae).
Kufotokozera
Nsomba zamadzi amadzi, sizikugwirizana ndi nsomba zam'madzi. M'Chingerezi amatchedwa - bala shark. Ndi dzina labwino la malonda lolimbikitsira malonda.
Nsombayi ili ndi thupi lalitali, loboola ngati torpedo, maso akulu, osinthidwa kuti azifufuza chakudya nthawi zonse.
Mimbulu yam'mbali ndiyokwera ndipo idakwezedwa, zomwe zidapatsa dzina la nsombayo.
Nsomba zazikulu zotalika masentimita 35 m'chilengedwe. Mumtambo wamadzi mpaka 30 cm.
Kutalika kwa moyo mpaka zaka 10 mosamala.
Mtundu wa thupi ndi silvery, wakuda pang'ono kumbuyo komanso wopepuka pamimba. Zipsepsezo zili ndi mzere woyera kapena wachikaso ndipo zimathera ndi malire akuda.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Nsombazo ndizolimba kwambiri ndipo zimakhala bwino mosamala. Ndikosavuta kudyetsa popeza imadya chilichonse. Wadyera, ndibwino kuti asapitirire.
Vuto lalikulu pazomwe zili ndizokula. Amakula kwambiri, komanso mwachangu, komanso kukula kwa aquarium.
Iyi ndi nsomba yophunzirira ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musunge anthu osachepera 5. Monga nsomba zonse zophunzirira, maudindo okhwima amapezeka pasukulu. Mukasunga ochepera anthu asanu mumtsinjewo, ocheperako azivutika nthawi zonse.
Nsomba zosungidwa zokha m'nyanja yamadzi zimatha kukhala zankhanza ndikuwononga mitundu ina.
Ndi achangu, koma amanyazi nsomba, amafunikira malo ambiri omasuka osambira komanso nthawi yomweyo muzomera zogona.
Popeza kukula kwawo ndi ziweto zawo, pamafunika ma aquariums akuluakulu kuti asungidwe. Kwa achichepere, aquarium ya malita 300 ndiyomwe ndiyochepa, koma ikafika pokhwima, pamafunika madzi okwanira malita 400 kapena kupitilira apo.
Madziwo ayenera kutsekedwa, chifukwa amatha kulumpha m'madzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatero.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba zili ndi zakudya zamitundumitundu. Mwachilengedwe, imadyetsa tizilombo, mphutsi, algae ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
Mitundu yonse yazakudya zamoyo komanso zopangira kudya zimadyedwa mu aquarium. Kuti mukule bwino, ndibwino kudyetsa chakudya chouma kwambiri tsiku lililonse ndikuwonjezera ma brine shrimp kapena ma virus a magazi.
Amakonda ma virus a magazi, daphnia, ndi masamba. Mutha kuwonjezera nandolo wobiriwira, sipinachi, ndi zipatso zosenda pa zakudya zanu.
Anthu akuluakulu amakonda zakudya zomanga thupi - nyongolotsi, nkhanu ndi mamazelo. Ndi bwino kudyetsa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, m'magawo omwe amatha kudya mphindi ziwiri.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Shark balu ndi nsomba yayikulu, yogwira komanso yophunzira yomwe imathera nthawi mozungulira nyanja yamchere, makamaka m'malo otseguka.
Ndibwino kuti mupange zofunikira za izi musanagule. Kwa achichepere, pamafunika kuchuluka kwa madzi osachepera 300 malita, koma pakapita nthawi, ndibwino kuwirikiza voliyumuyo.
Popeza amasambira mwachangu, kutalika kwa aquarium kuyenera kukhala kwakutali kwambiri, koyenera kuchokera pa 2 mita.
Madzi a m'nyanjayi ayenera kukhala ndi kusefera kwabwino komanso kuyenda bwino, komanso mpweya wabwino m'madzi. Mufunikira fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu ndi chivundikiro, popeza nsomba zimadumphira m'madzi.
Pogona zilibe kanthu kwa iwo. Ndikofunika kuti nyanja yamchere ikhale yayikulu komanso malo ambiri osambira.
Khoma lakumbuyo lakumaso ndi nthaka zidzapangitsa kuti barbus ya shark iwoneke modabwitsa.
Madzi a m'nyanja yamchere ayenera kukhala oyera chifukwa ndi nsomba mumtsinje ndipo amafunikira madzi abwino.
Chofunikira chachikulu ndikusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi. Madziwo ndi malo otsekedwa ndipo amafuna kuyeretsa. Zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimaipitsa madzi ndikuipitsa, ndipo shark balu amakhala m'madzi ozolowera madzi oyera.
Kungakhale bwino kusintha 25% yamadzi sabata iliyonse.
Zokongoletserazo sizothandiza pazomwe zilipo, chofunikira kwambiri ndikupezeka kwa malo osambira.Kuti mukongoletse, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu mozungulira m'mbali mwa aquarium ndi snag pakati.
Chimodzi mwamaubwino osunga nsombazi ndikuti nthawi zonse amafunafuna chakudya pansi, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azikhala oyera.
Ngakhale amanyamula chakudya kuchokera pansi pa thankiyo, amatero mokongola osasokoneza madzi.
Amathanso kupanga mawu.
- pH 6.0-8.0
- 5.0-12.0 dGH
- kutentha kwa madzi 22-28 ° C (72-82 ° F)
Ngakhale
Shark balu, monga tanenera kale, ndi nsomba yamtendere mwamtendere ndipo imagwirizana ndi nsomba zina zofananira. Koma kumbukirani kuti iyi ndi mitundu yayikulu ndipo ngakhale siyabwino, idya nsomba zazing'ono.
Zing'onozing'ono zimatanthauza: neon, guppies, rasbora, galaxy microsolders, zebrafish ndi ena.
Zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ikuluikulu imodzimodzi, yomwe imafanana mikhalidwe, popeza nsomba ndizazikulu komanso zokangalika, nsomba zina zimatha kukhala zosasangalatsa.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwayang'ana, koma nsomba ndizanyazi. Onetsetsani kuti mukusunga gulu la anthu asanu kapena kupitilira apo.
Gulu limakhala ndi olamulira ake okha, ndipo, mosiyana ndi zomwe zili pawiri, amakhala olimbikira komanso osachita nkhanza.
Kusiyana kogonana
Pakubereka, akazi amakhala ozungulira kwambiri, koma ndizosatheka kuloza awiriawiri munthawi yoyenera.
Kuswana
Ngakhale pakhala pali malipoti oti kuswana bwino mu aquarium, nsomba zambiri zomwe zikupezeka malonda zimachokera kumafamu aku Southeast Asia. Ndikosavuta kugula nsombazi kuposa kuswana.
Choyamba, kumbukirani kuti mwamuna wachikulire wogonana amakula mpaka 30 cm, ndipo sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumusunge m'madzi osapitirira malita 400.
Ngati musunga nsomba zingapo, ndiye kuti malita 600 kapena kupitilira apo. Ngakhale kukula kwake, ndi nsomba yamtendere, koma kuswana kwake kumakhala kovuta.
Mosiyana ndi nsomba zazing'ono zambiri, zomwe zimakula msinkhu akadali aang'ono, balu shark samakhwima mpaka ikafika 10-15 cm.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa molondola kugonana kwa nsombazo, malinga ndi mpirawu, khalani ndi gulu la anthu 5-6. Amuna amakula pang'ono kuposa akazi, ndipo akazi amakhala ndi mimba yozungulira pang'ono.
Zitenga nthawi yayitali musanazindikire zogonana, ndipo ngakhale akatswiri odziwa zamadzi amalakwitsa.
Kuti mukonzekere nsomba zoti ziberekane, konzekerani madzi okwanira 200-250 malita, okhala ndi kutentha kwamadzi pakati pa 25-27 C. Musabzale mwamphamvu ndi mbewu, mpira umafuna malo ambiri osambira.
Bwino tchire lalikulu lalikulu lazomera m'makona. Ngati mukufuna kukulira mwachangu m'madzi omwewo, ndibwino kuti pansi pake muzikhala bwino.
Pansi pake ndikosavuta kuyeretsa ndikosavuta kuona caviar. Pofuna kuti madziwo akhale oyera, ikani fyuluta yamkati ndi nsalu imodzi, mulibe chivindikiro. Zosefera zotere zimatsuka madzi mokwanira ndipo sizowopsa mwachangu.
Amakhulupirira kuti asanabadwe, amuna ndi akazi amakonza zovina zachilendo. Osachepera obereketsa amakhulupirira kuti kuvina kosakanikirana kumachitika.
Mkazi atayika mazira, amawaza mozungulira nyanja yamadziyo kuti abambo athe kuthira mazirawo mkaka. Pofuna kuwonjezera mwayi wa umuna, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi malo otsegulira omwe anganyamule mkaka kudera lalikulu.
Ukangotha kubereka, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi samalabadira mazirawo. Mwachilengedwe, balu amaphatikizana ndi magulu osiyanasiyana kuti akwatirane ndipo, motero, sasamalira caviar mtsogolo.
Makolo amakonda kudya mwachangu ndi masewera, chifukwa chake atabereka amafunika kuyikidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Matenda
Mitunduyi imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi matenda. Chofunikira ndichakuti madzi akhale oyera komanso pogula chinthu chatsopano pa aquarium - nsomba, zomera, kuika kwaokha.
Ndikofunikanso kuti tisadye nsomba mopitirira muyeso, ndiyosusuka ndipo imatha kufa.
