Turkish van kapena van cat (Turkish Van Kedisi - "van kedisi", Kurd. Pişika Wanê - "pisika vane", Armenia арм անա կատու - "vana katu", English turkish van) ndi mtundu wa amphaka okhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, omwe adabadwira ku Great Britain , podutsa amphaka ochokera ku Turkey, makamaka kuchokera kum'mwera chakum'mawa.
Mitunduyi ndiyosowa, imakhala ndi mawanga kumutu ndi kumchira, ngakhale thupi lonse ndi loyera.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Pali mitundu ingapo yamomwe ma Vans aku Turkey adachokera. Nthano yapachiyambi kwambiri imati Nowa adatenga amphaka awiri oyera mchombo, ndipo pomwe chombo chidakafika pa Phiri la Ararat (Turkey), adadumpha ndikukhala oyambitsa amphaka onse padziko lapansi.
Koma, nkhani yeniyeni yamphaka zosamvetsetseka izi, ndizosangalatsa kuposa nthano. Ngakhale padziko lonse lapansi, amphaka awa adapezeka, koma kudera la Van, akhala zaka zikwi zambiri. Amphaka a Van amapezekanso ku Armenia, Syria, Iraq, Iran ndi mayiko ena.
Kudziko lakwawo, kudera la mapiri a Armenia, pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Van, kulibe malo azisisi. Nyanjayi ndi yayikulu kwambiri ku Turkey ndipo ndi imodzi mwa nyanja zazitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zotentha kwambiri nthawi yotentha komanso yozizira. M'masiku ozizira makamaka ozizira, kutentha pakati pa mapiri kumafika -45 ° C.
Ndi ichi kuti mchilimwe amphaka awa amakhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi komanso lowala. Popeza kuti nthawi yotentha kutentha kwa mapiri a Armenia kumakhala +25 ° C komanso kupitirira apo, amphakawo amayenera kuphunzira kuzizirira bwino, mwina chifukwa chake amasambira bwino.
Ngakhale atha kukhala kuti adazolowera kusaka herring, nsomba zokha zomwe zimakhala m'madzi amchere am'nyanjayi. Koma zilizonse zomwe zimayambitsa, kulekerera madzi kumachitika chifukwa cha ubweya wa cashmere, womwe umathamangitsa madzi womwe umalola kuti utuluke m'madzi pafupifupi wouma.
Palibe amene akudziwa nthawi yomwe amphakawa adawonekera m'derali omwe adawapatsa dzina. Zodzikongoletsera zosonyeza amphaka ofanana ndi Turkey Vanir zimapezeka m'midzi yoyandikira derali ndipo zidayamba zaka za m'ma 2000 BC. e. Ngati zinthu izi zikuyimira makolo enieni, ndiye kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwazaka zakale kwambiri zapakatikati padziko lapansi.
Mwa njira, amphakawa amayeneradi kutchedwa - Ma Armenian Vans, popeza gawo lomwe lili pafupi ndi nyanjali linali la Armenia kwazaka zambiri, ndipo adagwidwa ndi anthu aku Turkey. Ngakhale mphaka izi ndi nthano. M'mapiri aku Armenia, adakali ofunika chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo, mawonekedwe awo ndi ubweya wawo.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, amphaka amabwera ku Europe ndi Omenyera nkhondo akubwerera kuchokera ku Nkhondo Zamtanda. Ndipo ku Middle East komwe, adakulitsa magulu awo kwazaka zambiri, akuyenda ndi owukira, amalonda komanso ofufuza.
Koma mbiri yamakono ya amphaka idayamba posachedwa. Mu 1955, mtolankhani waku Britain a Laura Lushington ndi wojambula zithunzi Sonia Halliday anali kukonzekera lipoti lanyuzipepala yokhudza zokopa alendo ku Turkey.
Kumeneko anakumana ndi amphaka okongola. Pamene adachita zambiri ku dipatimenti yokopa alendo ku Turkey, adapatsa Laura ana amphaka oyera ndi ofiira. Galu dzina lake anali Stambul Byzantium, ndipo katsayo dzina lake anali Van Guzelli Iskenderun.
Pambuyo pake, adalumikizidwa ndi mphaka Antalya Anatolia waku Antalya ndi Burdur waku Budur, munali mu 1959. Mwa njira, Lushington sanali mumzinda wa Van mpaka 1963, ndipo sizikudziwika chifukwa chomwe adatchulira mtunduwo - Turkish Van, komanso sizikudziwika chifukwa chake mphaka woyamba adatchedwa Van Guzeli, dzina lachigawochi.
Ponena za amphaka ake oyamba, adalemba mu 1977:
“Kwa nthawi yoyamba amphaka angapo adandipatsa ine mu 1955, ndikupita ku Turkey, ndipo ndidaganiza zowabweretsa ku England. Ngakhale ndimadutsa pagalimoto panthawiyo, adapulumuka ndikupirira zonse bwino, zomwe ndi umboni wanzeru komanso kusintha kwakukulu kuti zisinthe. Nthawi yawonetsa kuti izi ndizochitikadi. Ndipo panthawiyo anali osadziwika ku UK, ndipo popeza anali mtundu wokongola komanso wanzeru, ndidaganiza zoweta. "
Mu 1969, adalandira mpikisano wokhala ndi GCCF (Executive Council of the Cat Fancy). Anayamba kubwera ku United States mu 1970, koma sanachite bwino mpaka 1983. Ndipo kale mu 1985, TICA imawazindikira ngati mtundu wathunthu.
CFA imachitanso chimodzimodzi, koma mu 1994 yokha. Pakadali pano, amakhalabe amodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mphaka.
Ndipo kuyambira mu 1992, gulu lofufuza zamayunivesite ku Turkey lidapeza amphaka a Van okha 92 okha mdera lakwawo, boma lidakhazikitsa pulogalamu yosungira mitundu.
Pulogalamuyi ilipo mpaka pano, ku Ankara Zoo, limodzi ndi pulogalamu yoteteza Angora yaku Turkey.
Tsopano amphaka awa amaonedwa kuti ndi chuma chadziko, ndipo saloledwa kuitanitsa. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta pakuswana, popeza kuchuluka kwa majini ku Europe ndi America ndikadali kocheperako, ndipo kuswana pakati ndi mitundu ina sikuvomerezeka.
Kufotokozera
Turkish Van ndi mtundu wachilengedwe wodziwika chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyana. M'malo mwake, padziko lapansi, mawu oti "van" tsopano amatanthauza amphaka onse oyera okhala ndi mawanga pamutu ndi mchira wawo. Thupi la mphaka ili lalitali (mpaka 120 cm), lotambalala, komanso laminyewa.
Amphaka achikulire ali ndi khosi laminyewa ndi mapewa, ndi ofanana m'lifupi ndi mutu ndipo amayenda bwino kupita pachifuwa chozungulira ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yamphamvu. Zoyikapo zokha ndi zazitali kutalika, zopatukana kwambiri. Mchira ndi wautali, koma molingana ndi thupi, ndi nthenga.
Amphaka achikulire amalemera kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 7.5 kg, ndi amphaka kuyambira 4 mpaka 6 kg. Amafunika mpaka zaka 5 kuti akule msinkhu, ndipo oweruza pa chiwonetserochi nthawi zambiri amalingalira zaka zamphaka.
Mutu uli ngati kansalu kakang'ono kwambiri, kokhala ndi mizere yosalala ndi mphuno ya kutalika kwapakati, masaya otchulidwa ndi nsagwada zolimba. Akugwirizana ndi thupi lalikulu, laminyewa.
Makutu ake ndi achikulire, otambalala kumunsi, otakata kwambiri komanso otalikirana. Mkati mwake, amadzaza ndi ubweya wambiri, ndipo nsonga za makutuwo ndizazungulira pang'ono.
Maonekedwe omveka, omvetsera komanso omveka. Maso ndi apakatikati, owulungika ndipo amakhala osakwanira pang'ono. Mtundu wa diso - amber, buluu, mkuwa. Maso ovuta nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamene maso ali amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ma Vans aku Turkey ali ndi malaya osalala, opyapyala, atagona pafupi ndi thupi, opanda malaya amkati, owoneka ngati cashmere. Ndizosangalatsa kukhudza ndipo sizimapanga zingwe. Mwa amphaka akuluakulu, ndi wautali wapakatikati, wofewa komanso wosathira madzi.
Mphaka amatulutsa kutengera nyengo, chilimwe malaya amafupika, ndipo nthawi yachisanu imakhala yayitali komanso yolimba. Mane wapakhosi ndi miyendo yamphongo imawonekera kwambiri pazaka zambiri.
Kwa amphakawa, mtundu umodzi wokha ndi womwe umaloledwa, wotchedwa Van color. Mawanga owala mabokosi amapezeka pamutu ndi mchira wa mphaka, pomwe thupi lonse ndi loyera. Ku CFA, mawanga osasintha pathupi amaloledwa, koma osapitilira 15% amderalo.
Ngati 15% idapitilizidwa, nyamayo imafanana ndi mtundu wa bicolor, ndipo siyiyeneranso. Mabungwe ena ndiowolowa manja. Ku TICA, AFCA, ndi AACE, mpaka 20% amaloledwa.
Khalidwe
Sizachabe kuti ma Vans aku Turkey amatchedwa mbalame zam'madzi, amalumphira m'madzi mosazengereza, ngati ndi chokhumba chawo, inde. Sikuti onse amakonda kusambira, koma ambiri amakonda madzi ndipo samadandaula nawo.
Anthu ena amakonda kusamba zoseweretsa zawo mumowa kapena mchimbudzi. Uwu ndi mtundu wapadera, chifukwa pafupifupi amphaka ena onse amakonda madzi ngati ... galu wamatabwa. Ndipo kuwona mphaka yemwe amabwera mkati mwake ndi chisangalalo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Anzeru, amaphunzira kuyatsa matepi ndi zimbudzi kuti zisangalatse. Pofuna kudziteteza, onetsetsani kuti salowa m'bafa mukamatsuka makina ochapira, mwachitsanzo. Zambiri mwa izo sizili pansi ndipo zimatha kugwidwa ndi magetsi. Koma, amakonda kwambiri madzi othamanga, ndipo akhoza kungokupemphani kuti muyatse bomba mukakhitchini nthawi iliyonse mukapita kumeneko. Amakonda kusewera ndi madzi okhaokha, kutsuka kapena kukwawa pansi pake.
Onetsetsani kuti mumakonda amphaka ogwira ntchito musanagule van. Ndi anzeru komanso amphamvu, ndipo amathamangira mozungulira, kapena amangothamangira nyumba. Ndi bwino kubisa zinthu zosalimba komanso zamtengo wapatali pamalo otetezeka.
Wobadwira kukhala osaka, Vans amakonda zoseweretsa zonse zomwe zimatha kuyenda. Kuphatikizapo inu. Ambiri mwa iwo amaphunzira kubweretsa zidole zomwe amakonda kwambiri kwa iwo kuti azisangalala nazo. Ndipo zoseweretsa zosunthira ngati mbewa zimawasangalatsa ndikuwasandutsa chilombo chobisika.
Koma, samalani, atha kusewera kwambiri ndikukuvulazani. Ndipo samalani ndi m'mimba mwanu, kunjenjemera ndipo mutha kupeza zokopa zoyipa.
Ngati mwakonzeka kupirira munthu wokangalika, ndiye kuti ndi amphaka apanyumba abwino. Mukapeza chilankhulo chofanana naye, ndiye kuti simudzakhala ndi bwenzi lokhulupirika komanso lokhulupirika. Mwa njira, nthawi zambiri amakonda munthu m'modzi wabanja, ndipo ena onse amangolemekezedwa. Koma, ndi osankhidwawo, ali pafupi kwambiri.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti azikhala nanu nthawi zonse, ngakhale posamba. Pachifukwa ichi, amphaka akuluakulu ndi ovuta kugulitsa kapena kupereka, samalekerera kusintha kwa eni. Ndipo inde, chikondi chawo chimakhala kwanthawi yayitali, ndikukhala zaka 15-20.
Zaumoyo
Makolo a ma Vans aku Turkey amakhala m'chilengedwe, ndipo anali, mwa njira, anali ankhanza. Koma tsopano awa ndi amphaka, owoneka bwino, omwe adalandira majini abwino ndi thanzi lawo. Makalabu adathandizira izi, akuchotsa amphaka odwala komanso amwano.
Amphaka omwe ali ndi vuto limeneli samadwala matenda osamva, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mitundu ina yoyera ndi maso amtambo.
Chisamaliro
Chimodzi mwamaubwino amtunduwu ndikuti ngakhale malaya atali otalika, amafunikira chisamaliro chochepa. Ubweya wa Cashmere wopanda chovala chamkati umawapangitsa kukhala odzichepetsa komanso osagwedezeka. Eni ake amangofunika kuwapaka nthawi ndi nthawi kuti achotse tsitsi lakufa.
Kukonzekera pang'ono kumafunikira m'miyezi yachisanu pamene chovala cha Turkey chimakhala cholimba komanso chotalikirapo kuposa nthawi yachilimwe. Nthawi zambiri safunika kutsuka tsiku lililonse, kamodzi pa sabata, komanso kudulira.
Zomwe zikuchitika pakusambitsidwa kwa amphakawa ndizosangalatsa. Inde, ma Vans aku Turkey amakonda madzi ndipo amatha kukwera padziwe mosangalala. Koma zikafika pakusamba, amakhala ngati amphaka ena onse. Ngati ichi ndi chikhumbo chanu, ndiye kuti mwina atha kuyamba kukana. Mutha kuwaphunzitsa kuyambira ali aang'ono, ndikupangitsa kuti njirayi ikhale yachizolowezi komanso yabwino. Komabe, izi ndi zaukhondo ndipo nthawi zambiri simuyenera kuzisambitsa.
Ngakhale ma Vans amakonda eni ake ndipo mokondwera ali kutali madzulo, ambiri sakonda kunyamulidwa. Iyi ndi nkhani yofanana ndi kusambira, zomwezo sizichokera kwa iwo.
