Nsomba kapena cockerel womenyera (lat. Betta splendens) ndiwodzichepetsa, wokongola, koma amatha kupha mkazi ndi amuna ena. Iyi ndi nsomba yokhotakhota, ndiye kuti imatha kupuma mpweya wamlengalenga.
Anali cockerel, ngakhale wachibale wake, macropod, omwe anali amodzi mwa nsomba zaku aquarium zomwe zidabweretsedwa ku Europe kuchokera ku Asia. Koma pasanapite nthawi, nsomba zomenyera nkhondo zinali zitagwidwa kale ku Thailand ndi Malaysia.
Nsombazo zidatchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, machitidwe osangalatsa komanso kuthekera kokhala m'madzi ang'onoang'ono.
Ndipo ndizosavuta kuswana komanso kuwoloka mosavuta, chifukwa - mitundu yambiri yamitundu, yabwino kwambiri pachilichonse kuyambira utoto mpaka mawonekedwe azipsepse.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Betta adafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1910. Amakhala ku Southeast Asia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam. Amakhulupirira kuti kwawo ndi Thailand, koma chifukwa cha kutchuka kwake, ndizovuta kunena motsimikiza ngati zili choncho.
Dzinalo "Betta" lachokera ku Javanese "Wuder Bettah". Tsopano ku Asia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "pla-kad", zomwe zikutanthauza kuluma nsomba.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti ku Thailand amatcha "pla kat Khmer" yomwe imatha kutanthauziridwa ngati nsomba yoluma yochokera kudziko la Khmer.
B. splendens ndi amodzi mwamitundu yoposa 70 yamtundu wa Betta, ndipo pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi kapena yayikulu ya nsomba yomwe sinatchulidwe.
Mtunduwo ungagawidwe m'magulu awiri, imodzi imabala zipsera pakamwa, ina imakula mchisa cha thovu.
Tambala amakhala m'madzi oyenda pang'onopang'ono kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono, ndi zomera zowirira. Amakhala m'mitsinje, m'mayiwe, m'minda ya mpunga, komanso mitsinje yayikulu komanso yayikulu.
Zimatanthauza labyrinth, nsomba zomwe zimatha kupuma mpweya wamlengalenga, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azikhala m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Kufotokozera
Maonekedwe akutchire samawala ndi kukongola - kobiriwira kapena kofiirira, wokhala ndi thupi lokwanira ndi zipsepfupi.
Koma tsopano, ndi yosonkhanitsidwa ndipo utoto, wofanana ndi zipsepse, ndi wosiyanasiyana kotero kuti ndizosatheka kufotokoza.
Anapeza dzina loti akumenyera nsomba kuti amuna amakonza ndewu zankhanza wina ndi mzake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimathera pakufa kwa m'modzi wotsutsa. Fomu yakuthengo imagwiritsidwabe ntchito mpaka pano ku Thailand pomenya nkhondo, ngakhale sizinachititse kuti nsomba imodzi iwonongeke.
Ngakhale kuti nsombazo ndi omenyera nkhondo, ali ndi machitidwe apadera pomenya nkhondo. Ngati imodzi yamwamuna yadzuka kuti ipite pankhondo, yachiwiri siyimukhudza, koma dikirani moleza mtima mpaka itabwerera.
Komanso, ngati amuna awiri akumenyana, wachitatu sawabvutitsa, koma amadikirira m'mapiko.
Koma ma bettas omwe mumapeza akugulitsidwa sakhala nsomba zomenyera ngati abale awo. Ayi, mawonekedwe awo sanasinthe, nawonso adzamenya nkhondo.
Lingaliro lenileni la nsombazi lasintha, chifukwa mitundu yomwe ilipo iyenera kukhala yokongola, ili ndi zipsepse zokongola, zazitali kwambiri kotero kuti imawonongeka ndi zovuta zochepa, osanenapo za nkhondoyi.
Amasungidwa chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo, mitundu ya chic ndi zipsepse zocheperako, osati chifukwa chakumenya kwawo.
Nsombazo zimakula masentimita 6-7. Nthawi yakukhala ndi moyo ndi yaifupi, mpaka zaka zitatu, bola ikasungidwa bwino.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Nsomba yabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Itha kusungidwa m'madzi ochepa kwambiri, komanso m'madzi okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Chakudya chopanda tanthauzo, adya pafupifupi chakudya chonse chomwe chilipo.
Monga lamulo, amagulitsidwa ngati nsomba zoyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yonse, koma kumbukirani kuti amuna amamenyana mwamphamvu, kumenya akazi ndipo, nthawi zambiri, amatha kukhala ankhanza akamabereka.
Koma atha kumusunga yekha, m'nyanja yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo amayimilira bwino.
Ndi oyandikana nawo oyenerera, amakhala osavuta. Koma nthawi yobereka, yaimuna ndi yaukali kwambiri ndipo imapha nsomba iliyonse.
Makamaka nsomba zofananira ndi iye (ngakhale wamkazi) kapena zowala zowala. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zambiri amasunga imodzi panyanja, kapena amamusankhira nsomba, zomwe sangakhumudwe nazo.
Amuna amatha kusungidwa ndi akazi, bola ngati thankiyo ndi yayikulu mokwanira komanso wamkazi amakhala ndi pobisalira.
Kudyetsa
Ngakhale nsomba ndizodziwika bwino m'chilengedwe, zimadya ndere, chakudya chawo chachikulu ndi tizilombo. M'malo osungira zachilengedwe, amadyetsa mphutsi za tizilombo, zooplankton, ndi tizilombo ta m'madzi.
Mitundu yonse yamoyo, yachisanu, ndi yokumba imadyedwa mu aquarium.
Pasakhale vuto kudyetsa tambala. Chokhacho ndichakuti, yesetsani kusiyanitsa - mitundu ina yazakudya kuti mukhale ndi thanzi komanso utoto pamlingo wapamwamba.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Ngati mwakhala mukupita kumsika, mwina mwawonapo momwe nsombazi zimagulitsidwira, nthawi zambiri mzitini zazing'ono. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimayankhula za kudzichepetsa pakukonza ndi kusamalira, koma mbali inayo, ichi ndi chitsanzo choyipa.
Mutha kuwerenga za momwe mungasankhire aquarium yoyenera tambala pa ulalo, palibe chovuta pamenepo.
Amakhala m'migulu yonse yamadzi, koma amasankha omwe ali kumtunda. Kulisunga ndikosavuta, malita 15-20 ndikokwanira nsomba imodzi, ngakhale ili ndiye buku lochepa, komabe chisamaliro chimafunikira kwa iye.
Sikoyenera kuyisunga mozungulira aquarium, ngakhale ndiyotchuka. Ndi bwino kusunga tambala m'madzi okwanira malita 30 kapena kupitilira apo, chotenthetsera komanso chophimba nthawi zonse, chifukwa amatha kudumpha.
Ngati musunga zoposa imodzi, koma nsomba zina, ndiye kuti mukufunikira malo otetezedwa ochulukirapo, okhala ndi malo ogona achikazi, makamaka okhala ndi nyali zochepa ndi zomera zoyandama.
Kuchokera ku chisamaliro chanthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kusintha madzi, pafupifupi 25% ya voliyumu sabata, chifukwa zinthu zomwe zimawonongeka zimakhudza zipsepsezo.
Ponena za fyuluta, siyisokoneza, koma oxygen (aeration) siyofunikira, imapuma pamwamba pamadzi.
Ponena za magawo amadzi, amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri, koma kutentha ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa iyi ndi mitundu yam'malo otentha.
Mwambiri, ndikulimbikitsidwa: kutentha 24-29 С, ph: 6.0-8.0, 5 - 35 dGH.
Ngakhale
Mitunduyi ndiyabwino kusamalira nsomba zambiri.
Sizifunikira kusungidwa ndi nsomba zomwe zimakonda kuthyola zipsepse zawo, mwachitsanzo, ndi ma tetradon amfupi.
Komabe, iyenso akhoza kuchita chimodzimodzi, chifukwa chake sayenera kusungidwa ndi malingaliro ophimbika. KUCHOKERA
Nthawi zina amaukira nsomba zina, koma uku ndikulakwitsa podziwitsa, mwachiwonekere kutenga abale awo.
Zomwe simuyenera kuchita ndikuyika amuna awiri mu thanki limodzi, chifukwa adzamenyanadi. Akazi samakhala ankhanza, ngakhale amakhalanso ndi olamulira okhwima. Amuna amodzi amatha kusungidwa ndi akazi angapo, bola ngati aquarium ili ndi chivundikiro chokwanira chomalizirachi.
Mahatchi amphaka, makadinala, acanthophthalmus, viviparous adzakhala oyandikana nawo abwino.
Kusiyana kogonana
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.
Yaimuna ndi yokulirapo, yowala kwambiri, ndipo ili ndi zipsepse zazikulu. Akazi ndi ocheperako, ocheperako, zipsepse ndizochepa, ndipo pamimba pamakhala mozungulira mozungulira.
Kuphatikiza apo, amachita modzichepetsa, kuyesera kuti asunge ngodya zobisika, kuti asawonedwe ndi amuna.
Kubereka
Kodi pali thovu mu aquarium ya cockerel? Monga ma labyrinth ambiri, imamanga chisa kuchokera ku thovu. Kubereka ndi kosavuta, ngakhale kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha mamuna komanso matenda aana.
Chowonadi ndichakuti wamwamuna amatha kumenya wamkazi mpaka kufa ngati sanabzalidwe nthawi. Ndipo kuti mulere bwino mwachangu, muyenera kukonzekera.
Amuna awiri osankhidwa ayenera kudyetsedwa kwambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo musanabadwe, ndibwino kuti mubzale padera.
Mkaziyo, wokonzekera kubereka, amakhala wonenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha mazira opangidwa.
Zomalizira zimabzalidwa m'malo obalirako, momwe madzi samapitilira masentimita 15. Pali maupangiri pa intaneti omwe madzi amchere amchere ndi 10 malita ali oyenera, koma werengani kuchuluka kwa zomwe mumapeza mukamachepetsa mulingo mpaka 10-15 cm?
Sankhani voliyumu kutengera kuthekera kwanu, mulimonsemo, siyikhala yopepuka, chifukwa chachimuna chidzamenya chachikazi, ndipo akuyenera kubisala kwinakwake.
Kutentha kwamadzi kumakweza mpaka 26-28 ° C, pambuyo pake kumayamba kumanga chisa ndikumenya chachikazi.
Pofuna kumuteteza kuti asamuphe, muyenera kuwonjezera zomera pamalo olotera, mwachitsanzo, moss wa ku Javanese (malita 10 ndi okwanira, kumbukirani?). Zomera zoyandama, riccia kapena duckweed ziyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pamadzi.
Chisa chikangokonzeka, champhongo chimayamba kuyitana chachikazi. Mkazi wokonzeka amapinda zipsepse zake ndikuwonetsa kudzichepetsa, osakonzekera kuthawa.
Onetsetsani kuti wamwamuna samapha mkazi! Amuna amakumbatira wamkazi ndi thupi lake, akumufinya mazira mwa iye ndikutulutsa mkaka. Nthawi imodzi, mkazi amayikira mazira pafupifupi 40.
Mwambiri, pafupifupi mazira 200 amapezeka kuti asungire mazira. Kwenikweni, caviar imamira ndipo yamphongo imanyamula ndikuyika chisa.
Mkazi amathanso kumuthandiza, koma nthawi zambiri amangodya caviar. Pambuyo pobzala, ndibwino kuti mubzale nthawi yomweyo.
Caviar amaswa pambuyo pa maola 24-36. Mphutsi imakhalabe m'chisa kwa masiku ena awiri kapena atatu, mpaka itakwanira yolk sac ndikuyamba kusambira.
Akangosambira, ndibwino kudzala chachimuna, chifukwa amatha kudya mwachangu. Mulingo wamadzi uyenera kutsikanso, mpaka 5-7 cm, ndipo ochepera aeration ayenera kuyatsidwa.
Izi zimachitika mpaka zida zazing'ono zikamapangidwa mu mwachangu, ndikuyamba kumeza mpweya kuchokera pamwamba. Kenako madzi amakula pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi masabata 4-6.
Mwachangu amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi infusoria, microworm, dzira yolk. Pamene akukula, amawotcha shrimp naupilias ndi kudula tubifex amawonjezeredwa.
Malek amakula mofanana ndipo amayenera kusankhidwa kuti apewe kudya anzawo, komanso mtsogolo amamenyananso.
