Nsomba ya njovu (Latin Gnathonemus petersii) kapena njovu ya Nile ikukutsatirani ngati mukufuna nsomba yachilendo yooneka bwino ya aquarium, yomwe simapezeka m'madzi aliwonse.
Mlomo wake wakumunsi, womwe umawoneka ngati thunthu la njovu, umamupangitsa kukhala wosiyana kwambiri, koma kupitirira apo amakhalanso wosangalatsa pamakhalidwe.
Ngakhale kuti nsombayo imakhala yamanyazi komanso yamanyazi, koma pokonza ndi kusamalira bwino, imakhala yolimbikira komanso yowonekera.
Tsoka ilo, nsomba izi nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa molakwika, chifukwa pamakhala zambiri zodalirika pazomwe zili. Ndikofunikira kwa iwo kuti pali nthaka yofewa mu aquarium, momwe amafunafuna chakudya. Kuwala kwakuda ndikofunikanso ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhudzidwa ndim'madzi owala kwambiri.
Ngati palibe njira yochepetsera kukula, ndiye kuti muyenera kupanga malo ambiri okhala ndi ngodya zamithunzi.
Komanso, nsomba ndizovuta kwambiri pamadzi kotero kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa madzi m'mizinda, ku Germany ndi USA. M'mikhalidwe yoyenera, amapanga ma aquariums abwino, makamaka m'madzi omwe amatulutsa ma biotopes aku Africa.
Nsomba za njovu zimatulutsa minda yamagetsi yofooka yomwe imagwira ntchito osati poteteza, koma kuwongolera mlengalenga, kupeza anzawo ndi chakudya.
Alinso ndi ubongo wokulirapo, wofanana ndendende ndi ubongo wa munthu.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Mitunduyi ikupezeka ku Africa ndipo imapezeka ku: Benin, Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, Congo, Zambia.
Gnathonemus petersii ndi mtundu wokhala pansi kwambiri womwe umasaka chakudya pansi ndi thunthu lake lalitali.
Kuphatikiza apo, apanga malo achilendo mwa iwo okha, magetsi ofooka awa, mothandizidwa ndi omwe amadzipangitsa okha mlengalenga, kufunafuna chakudya ndikulankhulana.
Amadyetsa tizilombo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri tomwe timapezeka pansi.
Kufotokozera
Iyi ndi nsomba yapakatikati (mpaka 22 cm), ndizovuta kuweruza kuti atha kukhala mu ukapolo nthawi yayitali bwanji, chifukwa zimatengera momwe amasungidwira, koma pa umodzi mwamabwalo olankhula Chingerezi pali nkhani yonena za nsomba ya njovu yomwe yakhala zaka 25 - 26!
Zachidziwikire, chodabwitsa kwambiri mumaonekedwe ake ndi "thunthu", lomwe limakula kuchokera pakamwa pamunsi ndikufunafuna chakudya, ndipo pamwamba pake ali ndi pakamwa ponseponse.
Kujambula thupi losawoneka, lofiirira lakuda lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera yoyandikira kufupi ndi mphalapala.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Zovuta, chifukwa kusunga nsomba za njovu mumafunikira madzi oyenererana bwino ndi magawo ake ndipo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zomwe zili m'mankhwala ndi zinthu zowopsa m'madzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi wamanyazi, wokangalika nthawi yamadzulo komanso usiku, ndipo amafotokozanso za zakudya.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba ya njovu ndi yapadera pamtundu wake, imafufuza tizilombo ndi nyongolotsi mothandizidwa ndi magetsi ake, komanso "thunthu" lake, lomwe limasinthasintha kwambiri ndipo limatha kuyenda mosiyanasiyana, munthawi zotere limafanana ndi thunthu.
Mwachilengedwe, imakhala m'munsi mwake ndipo imadyetsa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. M'nyanja yamchere yam'madzi, nyongolotsi zamagazi ndi tubifex ndizakudya zomwe amakonda, komanso nyongolotsi zilizonse zomwe amapeza pansi.
Nsomba zina za njovu zimadya chakudya chowuma ngakhale chimanga, koma sibwino kuzidyetsa. Choyamba, imafunikira chakudya chamoyo.
Nsomba zimachedwa kudya, kotero simungathe kuzisunga ndi nsomba zomwe zimawalanda. Popeza nsomba zimagwira ntchito usiku, zimayenera kudyetsedwa zitazimitsa magetsi kapena posachedwa.
Ngati angasinthe ndikuzolowereni, amatha kudyetsa ndi manja, kotero mutha kuwadyetsa padera madzulo pamene nsomba zina sizikugwira ntchito.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Mwachilengedwe, nsomba za njovu zimafunikira kuchuluka kwa malita 200 pa nsomba iliyonse.
Ndibwino kuti muziwasunga pagulu la anthu 4-6, ngati mungasunge awiri, ndiye kuti mwamunayo wamkulu azikhala wankhanza kwambiri, mpaka kufa kwa nsomba yofooka, ndipo ndi zidutswa 6, amakhala mwamtendere ndi malo okwanira komanso malo okhala.
Choyamba, muyenera kusamala kuti aquarium imatsekedwa mwamphamvu, chifukwa nsomba za njovu zimakonda kutuluka mmenemo ndikufa. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala otakataka usiku kapena madzulo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti pasakhale kuyatsa kowala mu aquarium, samalekerera izi.
Twilight, malo ogona ambiri omwe amasungira masana, nthawi zina amapita kukadyetsa kapena kusambira, izi ndi zomwe amafunikira. Amakonda kwambiri machubu opanda pake omwe amatseguka kumapeto onse awiri.
Amalekerera madzi olimba mosiyanasiyana (5-15 °) bwino, koma amafunikira madzi okhala ndi pH yopanda mbali kapena pang'ono (6.0-7.5), kutentha kwa zomwe zili ndi 24-28 ° C, koma ndibwino kuyiyika pafupi ndi 27.
Kuonjezera mchere kumadzi, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndikulakwitsa, nsomba izi zimakhala m'madzi abwino.
Amawona kusintha kwakapangidwe ka madzi motero salimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri osadziŵa zambiri, kapena m'madzi am'madzi momwe magawo ake ndi osakhazikika.
Amaganiziranso zomwe zili mu ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi, popeza zimadziunjikira makamaka pansi, ndipo nsomba zimakhala pansi.
Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja yamphamvu, sinthani madzi ndikusambira pansi pamlungu, ndikuwunika zomwe zili mu ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi.
Mchenga uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dothi, popeza nsomba za njovu nthawi zonse zimakumba pamenepo, tizigawo ting'onoting'ono tolimba titha kuwononga "thunthu" lawo.
Ngakhale
Ndi amtendere, koma sayenera kusungidwa ndi nsomba zaukali kapena zokangalika, chifukwa amatenga chakudya kuchokera nsomba. Ngati angakhudze imodzi mwa nsomba, ndiye kuti siukali, koma kungodziwa, kotero palibe choyenera kuwopa.
Oyandikana nawo abwino kwambiri adzakhala nsomba zaku Africa: nsomba za gulugufe, congo, cuckoo synodontis, synodontis yophimba, mawonekedwe a nkhono, zikopa.
Mwambiri, ngakhale amakula mpaka masentimita 22, amatha kukhala m'madzi kangapo popanda mavuto.
Kusiyana kogonana
Kusiyanitsa mamuna ndi wamkazi sikudziwika. Itha kuzindikirika ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe imapangidwa, koma njirayi siyotheka kukhala yoyenera ma aquarists wamba.
Kuswana
Nsomba za njovu sizimasungidwa mu ukapolo ndipo zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku chilengedwe.
Pakafukufuku wina wasayansi, akuti ukapolo umasokoneza zikhumbo zopangidwa ndi nsomba ndipo sizingadziwe wokwatirana naye.
