Gampr kapena Armenian wolfhound (English Armenian Gampr, Arm: փռամփռ "wamphamvu, wamphamvu, wamkulu") ndi mtundu wakale wa agalu, omwe amapezeka kumapiri aku Armenia. Kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe, agaluwa anali oposa nyama zongotumikirapo anthu, amathandizira pakusaka, kuthengo, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, amateteza ziweto ndipo anali abwenzi chabe. Ma gampras amakono onse amawoneka komanso amachita chimodzimodzi zaka 3000 zapitazo. Komanso amateteza ziweto, minda ndi anthu.
Zolemba
- Awa ndi agalu akulu, olimba, omwe akutumikira anthu kwazaka mazana ambiri.
- M'dziko lakwawo, amathandizabe kuteteza ndi kuteteza ziweto.
- Mitunduyi sichidziwika ndi mabungwe ambiri a canine, ngakhale mitundu yambiri yotsutsana imadziwika.
- Gampr ndiwanzeru, wosamala ndipo, ngakhale ali ndi mphamvu, samafunsa zovuta.
- Amakonda ana, amakhala bwino ndi nyama ndi agalu ena.
- Agaluwa sakuyenera kukhala m'nyumba. Amafuna malo, gawo lomwe liyenera kutetezedwa ndi malire a gawoli.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Makolo amtunduwu amatha kuyambira 7000, ndipo mwina zaka 15000 BC. Zithunzi zakale za petroglyphs (zojambula pamiyala), zomwe zimafala kwambiri m'chigwa cha Geghama komanso m'chigawo cha Syunik, zikuwonetsa agalu a nthawi imeneyo. Kwazaka 1000 Khristu asanabadwe, agalu ofanana ndi gampra amapezeka kwambiri pazithunzizi.
Kuphatikiza pa umboni wamabwinja, mbiri ya mtunduwu ikuwonekera mu chikhalidwe cha Armenia. Nkhani ndi nthano zimalongosola agalu bwino, mwachitsanzo, aralez (Արալեզ). Izi ndi mizimu yofanana ndi gampra yokhala ndi mapiko omwe adatsika kuchokera kumwamba kuti akaukitse ankhondo omwe agwa, akunyambita mabala awo.
Zojambula pamiyala ndi pazoumbaumba, nthano - zonsezi zimatsimikizira kuti mtunduwo unali wakale. M'manda a nthawi ya ufumu wa Urartu womwe uli m'dera la Lake Sevan, ndipo adatsegulidwa mzaka za m'ma 1950, chigaza cha galu chidapezeka.
Ofukula za m'mabwinja anawayerekezera ndi zigaza za ma gampras amakono ndikuzipeza kuti ndizosiyana kwambiri, chigaza chija chimafanana kwambiri ndi nkhandwe, ndipo chinali cha nkhandwe zoweta.
Mimbulu ya ku Armenia ndi yofanana ndi mitundu monga Galu wa Mbusa wa Caucasus, Kangal, Akbash. Popita nthawi, mitundu iyi yakhala ikuwoloka mobwerezabwereza, mwachitsanzo, ku Galu Wamakono wa ku Caucasus, gawo lalikulu lamagazi a nkhandwe.
Koma, mosiyana ndi abale awo ovomerezeka, ma gampras ndiosiyana kwambiri. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimasowa kwambiri masiku ano ndi kusowa kwa mtundu wa mtundu. Ndipo palibe muyezo, palibe mtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi.
American Gampra ndi mtundu wobadwira, mosiyana ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yodziwika bwino. Pakati pamtunduwu, agalu amtundu wina amasiyana wina ndi mzake kuposa mitundu yeniyeni. Kukula kwawo kumadalira kwambiri madera ndi chilengedwe kuposa kuyesayesa kwa anthu.
Mitundu yovomerezeka imalandila mawonekedwe ena: mtundu, mtundu, mutu ndi mawonekedwe amthupi. Mulingo wamtunduwu umafotokoza momveka bwino magawo omwe galu ayenera kukhala nawo. Muyeso wa gumpr umalongosola mtundu wonsewo m'malo mofotokozera momwe munthu aliyense ayenera kuwonekera.
Komanso, agalu amenewa anapulumuka mavuto onse pamodzi ndi anthu Chiameniya, ndipo panali ambiri a iwo. Pali masoka achilengedwe komanso kuwukira kwa alendo komanso kuphana komanso kusakhazikika pazandale. Ambiri aiwo adasowa pamavuto awa, chifukwa ngakhale anthu adamwalira masauzande.
M'zaka za m'ma 90, Armenia idakumana ndi zovuta, kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi, gasi ndi nyengo yozizira. Agalu omwe adapulumuka anali ndi njala komanso osakhazikika, koma zinthu zitangokhala bwino, ana agalu athanzi adabadwa ndi agalu amenewa.
Gampras adakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri, ndipo kusintha kwawo kudawalola kuti asataye chilichonse ndikupitilira mibadwo yamtsogolo.
Mu Epulo 2011, International Kennel Union (IKU) idazindikira muyezo wa Gampru komanso udindo wake monga mtundu wa Armenia.
Tsoka ilo, ngakhale kuli kwakuti "mayiko", IKU imakhala makamaka ndi omwe akutenga nawo gawo pambuyo pa Soviet, ndipo likulu lawo lili ku Moscow.
Koma, malinga ndi Purezidenti wa Kennel Union of Armenia, Gabrielyan Violetta Yurievna ndi chigonjetso chachikulu ku Armenia. Malinga ndi Akazi a Gabrielyan, izi zithandizira kufalitsa mitundu m'maiko ena, ndipo zithandizira pankhani ina yotsutsana. Mayiko oyandikana nawo a Armenia - Georgia ndi Azerbaijan, nawonso amati ndi mtunduwu.
Masiku ano kuli ma gampras osachepera 2,000 ku Armenia. Ndipo amatumikiranso anthu, monga momwe amachitira zaka zikwi zapitazo: amateteza gulu la ziweto, amateteza ndikuthandizira pakusaka.
Kufotokozera
Ma gampras aku Armenia ndi agalu akuluakulu, amphamvu, okhala ndi thupi lolimba komanso mutu waukulu. Kutalika kwawo ndikokulirapo pang'ono kuposa kutalika kwawo, komwe kumawapangitsa mawonekedwe amakona anayi. Kutalika komwe kumafota amuna kumachokera pa masentimita 67, kwa akazi osachepera masentimita 63. Kulemera kwake kumakhala pafupifupi makilogalamu 60, nthawi zambiri akazi amakhala pafupifupi 50 kg, amuna amakhala 60 kg, koma pakhoza kukhala anthu olemera kwambiri.
Chovalacho ndiwiri, ndi chovala chamkati chopangidwa bwino. Shati yakumtunda ndiyokhwima, yaifupi pankhope, makutu, zikhomo. Chovala cholimba chakunja sichimangowateteza ku chisanu ndi chinyezi, komanso kumano a otsutsa. Mtundu wa malayawo umadalira malo okhalamo, ndipo amatha kukhala pafupifupi chilichonse. Brown ndi chiwindi zimaonedwa ngati zosafunikira. Ma gampras ochokera kumapiri nthawi zambiri amakhala okulirapo, okhala ndi tsitsi lalitali, pomwe omwe ochokera kuzigwa amakhala ochepa ndipo amakhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi.
Mutu ndi waukulu, chigaza choboola pakati chimakhala ndi 60% yamutu, 40% imagwera pakamwa. Kuyimilira kumakhala kosalala, ndikusintha pang'ono kuchokera kubade kupita kumphuno. Makutu ali pamwamba pamutu ndipo mwina sangazunguliridwe. Komabe, malinga ndi mbiri yawo, adakocheza padoko kuti adaniwo asawagwire. Agalu ogwira ntchito akadulabe mpaka pano.
Maso ake ndi ang'onoang'ono, ooneka ngati amondi, okhazikika. Mtundu wawo uyenera kukhala wakuda kuposa utoto. Maonekedwe ake ndi odalirika, anzeru komanso okhwima, ngakhale mwa ana agalu. Mphuno ndi yakuda.
Khalidwe
Khalidwe la gampra ndiye kusiyana pakati pa kufewa ndi chidwi ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Ndiwodziyimira pawokha komanso odekha, amapanga ubale wolimba ndi mabanja awo, omwe adzawateteza mpaka kumapeto. Ma gampras aku Armenia amalumikizidwa ndi banjali, koma mosiyana ndi agalu ena, samawona mwini wake ngati mulungu.
Kuti iwo alemekeze ndi kukonda anthu, anthu ayenera kuwalemekeza ndi kuwakonda. Ubale ndi iwo umakumbutsa zaubwenzi kuposa ntchito, ndipo ngati sichithandizidwa, zimawonongeka. Monga momwe mwiniwake amachitira gampru, momwemonso amuchitira.
Galu ameneyu ayenera kudzimva kuti ndiwofunikira komanso wofunikira, nthawi zambiri amayamba kuyandikira ana ndi akazi, popeza amakhala otseguka.
Amasamala pamaubwenzi komanso pantchito. Poyang'anira gulu la ziweto, nthawi zonse amapewa zoopsa posankha njira yotetezeka kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, amayenda mwachisomo, koma mwakachetechete, kutsatira mwini wakeyo patali.
Nthawi yomweyo, amafotokoza bwalo lalitali, mozungulira pomwe amatsata chilichonse chomwe chingakhale chowopsa. Izi ndi agalu alonda abwino kwambiri, omwe maluso awo adakwaniritsidwa kwazaka zambiri.
Amayanjananso ndi nyama zina ndipo amakonda ana. Amakumana ndi nyama komanso anthu, kukhala oyamba kutenga ana ankhosa, ana agalu ndi ana ena kulowa bwalo. Ngati amasamalira gulu, ndiye kuti amadziwa mamembala ake onse, makamaka kusamalira ofooka ndi ang'ono.
Atayandikira kubanja, amuteteza, pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira. Imodzi mwa mikhalidwe yayikulu ya gampr ndi kudziyimira pawokha.
Ngati mwininyumba palibe, ndiye kuti amachita malinga ndi zisankho zawo. Ndizovuta kuwapangitsa kuti azichita malamulo omwe amawona kuti ndiwosagwirizana.
Chomwe chimawasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya agalu ndi kukhazikika kwawo komanso kusowa mtima kwawo popanda chifukwa. Sadzaukira mlendo kufikira atazindikira kuti ndiwopseza.
Agalu anzeru komanso othandizawa amatha kudziletsa, makamaka pamavuto. Amasinthasintha komanso amalandila, amatha kusintha msanga pakusintha kwazinthu.
Ngati palibe chomwe chikuchitika, amasankha kukhalabe osawoneka. Palibe chifukwa - sadzuwa, makamaka chifukwa kukuwa kwawo kuli kochititsa chidwi komanso kowopsa. Kukuwa kumangokupusitsani.
Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, chifukwa chake ana agalu amafunika kuphunzitsidwa ndikuyanjana molondola. Onetsani anthu, ziweto zina, kununkhiza, malo, zokumana nazo.
Onetsani malo ake padziko lapansi, malamulo ndi malamulo adziko lapansi. Ngakhale kuti mwini wake akuyenera kukhala mtsogoleri, ayenera kutsimikizira udindo wake ndi ulemu komanso mphamvu zofewa. Kupanda kutero, amakhumudwitsidwa, ndipo sizidzakhala zophweka kuyambiranso chidaliro cha gampra.
Zachidziwikire, agalu amenewa sioyenera kukhala m'nyumba. Amafuna malo, gawo lomwe liyenera kutetezedwa ndi malire a gawoli. Nyumba yapayokha yokhala ndi bwalo lalikulu komanso ntchito zambiri ndizochepa zomwe zingawasangalatse.
Chisamaliro
Uyu ndi galu wogwira ntchito, osachita nawo ziwonetsero komanso chisamaliro ndizochepa. Ndikofunikira kupukuta ubweya nthawi zonse, kusamba pokhapokha pakufunika, popeza ubweya umakhala ndi zoteteza. Ndipo chepetsani zikhadabo ngati sizipera.
Zaumoyo
Wathanzi, wamphamvu, wokulirapo, agalu awa samadwala matenda obadwa nawo obadwa nawo.
Kutalika kwa moyo wawo ndi zaka 9-10.
