Bullmastiff (English Bullmastiff kapena Gamekeepers Night Galu) ndi mtundu wawukulu, wowonera, wokhala ndi malamulo olimba komanso mphuno yayifupi. Mitunduyi idapangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 19 kuti athandize osakawo pantchito yawo.
Poyamba anali wolondera wolimba, tsopano modabwitsa ndi wofatsa, ngakhale anali wamkulu. Chifukwa chofunafuna zochepa, ali oyenera kukhala m'nyumba.
Zolemba
- Sakusowa katundu wolemera, kuyenda maulendo angapo tsiku lililonse.
- Amalekerera kusungulumwa bwino ndipo ndioyenera mabanja omwe makolo onse amagwira ntchito. Mwachilengedwe, ana agalu amafunikira kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri.
- Ngakhale kukula kwake, ndizabwino kwambiri kuti asungidwe m'nyumba. Kunyumba kwabwino kungakhale bwino.
- Amawopseza nyama zina, amatha kuthamangitsa amphaka ndikuwapha.
- Ayenera kukhala m'nyumba, osati pamaketani kapena mnyumba ya ndege, chifukwa amafunikira kucheza ndi anthu.
- Akutsitsa, ngakhale atapanda kutero. Ndipo kubwebweta, kutengera kukula kwawo, kumatha kukhala vuto.
- Chovala chawo chachifupi ndi chisoti chachifupi chimawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo cha kuzizira komanso kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, amazizira, ndipo nthawi yotentha amatha kufa chifukwa chotentha kwambiri.
- Akuluakulu, amakonda kugona pakama ndi okondedwa awo. Inde, amatenga malo, koma chikondi ndi kudzipereka zimaperekedwa pobwezera.
- Alonda abwino kwambiri kuteteza banja mpaka kumapeto. Ndi iwo, simungawope ana anu, bola ngati ng'ombe yamphongo ili moyo, iwateteza.
- Amakonda ana kwambiri, koma mosazindikira amatha kugogoda ana pamapazi awo.
- Amakhala ndi kulolerana kowawa kwambiri, ndizovuta kudziwa nthawi yomwe galu akudwala.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Mtundu wocheperako, owonetsa ng'ombe zamphongo komabe amachokera ku agalu akale. Adatuluka pamtanda pakati pa English Mastiff ndi Old English Bulldog yomwe idachitika mchaka cha 1860. Mastiff ndi bulldog onse ndi am'gulu la molossians kapena mastiffs, ochokera kwa agalu aku Roma wakale.
Ku England wakale, agaluwa anali ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Bulldogs yakale ya Chingerezi idasangalatsa omvera poyimba ng'ombe, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti kuluma ng'ombe.
Ndipo ma miffiffs achingerezi anali agalu olondera, ngakhale chifukwa cha kukula kwawo ndi nyonga zawo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popopera, koma zimbalangondo kale.
Ophwanya ng'ombe anali ndi cholinga chosiyana. Adatengedwa kuti akathandize osaka nyama, kuteteza malo awo ndi nkhalango kwa ozembetsa. Osaka nyama za m'masiku amenewo anali osiyana ndi amakono, omwe cholinga chawo ndikupulumutsa nyama yosowa.
Opha nyama zamatsenga m'zaka za zana la 19 adapeza chakudya ndi zikopa kuti agulitse, omwe adawazunza kwambiri anali agalu ndi agwape.
Pokhala ndi mfuti, amagwiritsa ntchito ma hreyhound ndi ma hound posaka. Popeza zilango zaupha zinali zazikulu, sanazengereze kuukira ndikupha alonda a masewerawa, kuti angopewe kulangidwa.
Oyang'anira masewerawa amafunikira agalu omwe sanangowateteza okha, komanso amamugwira ndi kumusaka wopha nyama, kuthamangitsa agalu osaka panjira.
Kulimbana ndi agalu sinali ntchito yaying'ono, chifukwa ambiri anali akulu komanso okwiya. Zikuwoneka kuti osakawo amafunikira galu wamkulu, wamphamvu, wokhoza kugwira ndikumanga munthu.
Nthawi yomweyo, sayenera kuthamangira mwamantha, ngati mastiff, koma, ngati kuli koyenera, dzitetezeni ku chiopsezo.
Kuphatikiza apo, poyamba adagwiritsa ntchito ma mastiff omwe amatha kuthana ndi anthu ndi agalu, koma osazolowera kuwathamangitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ozolowera kuchita ndi anthu opanda zida, nthawi zambiri amasiya pambuyo pakamveka kulira kwa mfuti.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Old English Bulldogs sikunachite bwino chifukwa chaukali wawo; adang'amba munthu, m'malo mochedwa, adanyalanyaza malamulowo ndipo nawonso amatha kuwukira osakawo.
https://youtu.be/xU7gjURDpy4
Zingamveke zachilendo kuti sanaganize zogwiritsa ntchito a German Shepherd kapena mitundu ina. Komabe, m'ma 1860, agaluwa anali asanadziwike kwambiri ndipo kuwatumiza kuchokera kunja kunali kokwera mtengo kwambiri kwa wosaka nyama wamba. M'malo mwake, adayamba kuwoloka Old English Bulldogs ndi Mastiffs.
Zikuwoneka kuti ntchitoyi idayamba kale zaka za m'ma 60, koma pofika nthawiyo mafashoni okhazikika ndi omwe adakwaniritsidwa adakula.
Mwinanso, sanadutse oyang'anirawo, omwe amafuna kuwunikira mitundu yawo, yapadera. Anamaliza kuti gawo loyenera ndi 60% Mastiff ndi 40% Bulldog.
Mestizo zotere zimasunga kukula, mphamvu ndi kudziletsa pakuwukira kwa ma mastiffs, komanso masewera othamanga ndi ukali wa ma bulldogs. Anakhalanso ndi mwayi wofufuza mwakachetechete munthu wopha nyama kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako ndikumuukira mwadzidzidzi.
Mtundu wa brindle udayamikiridwanso, ndikupatsa mwayi m'nkhalango. Omwe amasaka nyama amatchula mitundu yawo yamphongo yamphongo, monganso kuwoloka bulldog ndi terrier kumapereka ng'ombe yamphongo.
Ngakhale kuti ma bullmastiffs adabadwira ntchito zothandiza, ndiomwe amatithandizira pakati pagulu lina. Mitunduyi idakhala yaying'ono kukula kwake komanso yosakwera mtengo kuposa ma mastiff, itha kuperekedwa ndi anthu osauka. Komanso, iwo mwangwiro yoti udindo wa alonda mzinda.
Makhalidwe omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira alenje (kuti azitha kuwukira ngati kuli kofunikira) amakondedwa ndi eni nyumba zawo. Gulu lankhondo limakula, ndipo mu 1924 mtunduwo udadziwika ndi English Kennel Club.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana lino, agalu adatumizidwa ku United States, ndipo mu 1934 American American Kennel Club idazindikira mtunduwo ngati mtundu wathunthu ndikuupereka ku gulu lantchito. Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse imachepetsa agalu ambiri, koma imakhudzanso ma mastiff omwewo moipitsitsa.
Mphekesera zikunena kuti obereketsa akugwiritsa ntchito agalu kuti abwezeretse ziwengo za mastiff. Kuphatikiza apo, adazika mizu ku USA ndi Canada, ndipo agalu amabweretsedwanso ku Europe.
Ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, cholinga choyambirira chomwe mtunduwo udapangidwira chasintha. Komabe, adakhala agalu olondera komanso agalu anzawo.
Ngakhale lero, Diamond Society yaku South Africa imagwiritsa ntchito oyang'anira ng'ombe kuti ateteze minda yawo.
Kufotokozera
Bullmastiffs amafanana ndi mamembala ena a gulu la Molossian, makamaka a Mastiffs achingerezi. Ndi galu wamkulu, wamphamvu wokhala ndi mutu wa brachycephalic. Ngakhale alibe kukula ngati makolo awo, akadali agalu akuluakulu.
Wamphongo wamba amafika masentimita 64 mpaka 69 pofota, ndipo amalemera 50 - 59 kg. Tinyumba ting'onoting'ono, tikamafota amakhala 61 - 66, olemera makilogalamu 45-54.
Bullmastiff ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ali okutidwa ndi minofu ndipo mafupa awo ndi amphamvu komanso akulu, miyendo yolimba kwambiri. Mchira ndi wautali, wokutira m'munsi, woloza kumapeto.
Mutu umakhala pa khosi lodabwitsa komanso lamphamvu. Mutuwo ndi waukulu, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi kacube, pafupifupi pafupifupi kutalika ndi mulifupi. Chosemphacho ndi chachifupi, kutalika pakati pa mphuno yayitali ya mastiffs ndi bulldogs zazifupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndiyotakata, ndikuluma kwakukulu. Nthawi zambiri kuluma kumakhala kowongoka, ngakhale kumatha kuluma pang'ono.
Pakamwa pake pamakutidwa ndi makwinya, ndipo awa ndi makwinya akulu, osati ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi khungu lotanuka, lomwe limodzi limapatsa galu mwayi pankhondo, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kugwira.
Maso ndi apakatikati kukula kwake, amakhala otambalala. Pali poyambira pakakhungu pakati pa maso omwe amawoneka okhwima komanso anzeru. Makutu amtunduwu ndi ocheperako, amakona atatu. Amakhala pansi, pafupi ndi mphutsi, ndikuwonjezera kukula kwake. Maganizo onse agalu ndi owopsa komanso osangalatsa.
Chovala cha bullmastiffs ndi chachifupi, chosalala komanso chakuda. Amateteza galu ku nyengo yoipa yomwe imachitika ku UK. Mitundu yake ndi: brindle, red ndi fawn. Zithunzi ndizovomerezeka, koma ziyenera kukhala yunifolomu mthupi lonse.
Nthawi zina ana agalu akuda amabadwa, koma sangaloledwe kuwonetsedwa. Malo oyera oyera pachifuwa amaloledwa komanso amakhala wamba, koma sayenera kukhala oyera mbali zina za thupi. Pakamwa pake pamayenera kukhala ndi chigoba chakuda, mosasamala kanthu mtundu wake.
Khalidwe
Khalidwe lawo ndilofanana ndendende ndi zomwe mukuyembekezera kwa galu woyang'anira. Okhulupirika kwambiri, adzaima pakati pa zoopsa ndikuyang'anira ndipo aziteteza banja mpaka atapuma.
Amakonda kukhala ndi anthu ndipo amasungulumwa. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wosankha kukhala pabwalo kapena m'nyumba, ndibwino kuti musankhe nyumba.
Amakonda kucheza kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina amadzaza mipanda kuti apeze bwenzi. Anthu ena amakonda kukhala pakati pa anthu, koma kuti asamapondereze, ena akukwera ndi maondo kapena kugona pamapazi awo.
Socialization ndi maphunziro ndiye mwala wapangodya wakulera ng'ombe yamphongo. Galu woweta bwino nthawi zambiri amazindikira alendo omwe achibale ake sawachita. Ngakhale ngakhale pamenepo amakhalabe wochenjera komanso wosakhazikika. Anthu omwe sanaleredwe akhoza kukhala achiwawa. Ayenera kuzolowera munthu watsopano ndikumumvetsetsa, nthawi zambiri amazindikira achibale awo atsopano, koma mwanjira inayake.
Iyi ndi imodzi mwa agalu olondera bwino, samangokhala ovuta komanso oteteza ku chilengedwe, komanso olimba komanso owopsa. Anthu omwe angakhale ovuta kulandira amalandiridwa ndi manja awiri, ndipo ngati amakhumudwitsa wokondedwa, ndiye wotentha.
Bullmastiffs alibe mantha ndipo adzamenya nkhondo mpaka kumapeto. Komabe, awa siamwano osaganizira, poyamba galu amachenjeza mlendo ndi kubangula ndikuwonetsa mano. Ngati simukumvetsetsa ... mavuto ake.
Oimira ambiri amtunduwu amakhala bwino ndi ana, ndipo ali okonzeka kupirira nkhanza. Awa ndi anzawo okondedwa, omwe ma bulmas aliwonse amakhala ngati phiri.
Koma, kachiwiri, mayanjano ndiofunikira kwambiri kuti galu azolowere anawo ndipo samawawopa. Chibadwa chawo chowateteza ndi champhamvu kwambiri kotero kuti galuyo amatha kuzindikira masewera wamba a ana ndikufuula komanso kuthamanga ngati chiwopsezo kwa mwana ndikumuteteza.
Nthawi yomweyo, ng'ombe yamphongo imakhala ndi nkhanza zoopsa. Ndiwachilengedwe modabwitsa ndipo sangakhale ndi agalu omwe akuwalowa. Ambiri ndi olamulira ndipo amafuna kukhala oyang'anira mulimonse momwe zingakhalire.
Ngati galu winayo atakumana ndi zovuta, adzipeza ali pamavuto, popeza sanazolowere kubwerera kwawo ndipo angoyamba kuwukira.
Izi ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa agalu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, ambiri safuna ndipo sangalekerere kupezeka kwa galu wina wamkazi. Mbali inayi, amavomereza modekha omwe si amuna kapena akazi anzawo.
Ngakhale amuna amakhala ndiukali kwambiri, akazi nawonso si mphatso. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa amatha kuvulaza kapena kupha agalu akuluakulu.
Monga mitundu ina, ngati galu adakulira limodzi ndi galu wina, ndiye kuti amazilandira modekha. Komabe, ngati pali nkhondo, agalu amafunika kupatukana, chifukwa oyang'anira ng'ombe amakumbukira kusungirana zokonda kwazaka zambiri.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti nawonso samakhala bwino ndi nyama zina. Chibadwa chakusaka ndi madera akuchita ntchito zawo zonyansa. Ngati mwana wagalu adakulira pafupi ndi mphaka woweta, ndiye kuti sipayenera kukhala zovuta, amaziona ngati membala wa paketiyo.
Koma, lamuloli silikugwira ntchito kwa amphaka a anthu ena, ndipo mwina sangapulumuke pambuyo poti awukira. Ndipo azitsata nyama iliyonse, ngakhale buluzi, ngakhale chimbalangondo.
Galu uyu siophweka kuphunzitsanso. Sasamala, koma samafuna nthawi zonse kuchita malamulo. Iyi si mtundu wa galu yemwe angamumvere mwakachetechete mwiniwake, pokhapokha atamuzindikira ngati mtsogoleri.
Mwiniwake ayenera kukhala wolamulira nthawi zonse, apo ayi galuyo atha kulamulira. Kuphatikiza apo, galu aliyense amayang'ana mwininyumbayo kuti ali ndi mphamvu komanso kulamulira ndipo sazengereza kutenga malo apamwamba.
Atapanda kuwongolera, amatha kukhala wosalamulirika komanso wamwano kwambiri. Komanso, ngakhale agalu omvera amakhala ouma khosi, chifukwa amapangidwira kuti asataye mtima.
Ndi kuyesetsa koyenera, galuyo adzakhala womvera komanso wowongoleredwa, koma sachita zanzeru ndipo sioyenera mpikisano womvera. Mwiniwake akalephera kuwongolera, zitha kukhala zowopsa.
Chinthu chimodzi chabwino ndi chakuti kwa galu wa msinkhu uwu, ali ndi zofunikira zochepa zolimbitsa thupi. Monga agalu onse, amafunikira kuyenda tsiku lililonse kuti athetse kunyong'onyeka ndi ulesi, koma koposa pamenepo. Mukamayenda, muyenera kuwongolera galu ndipo musalole kuti achoke pa leash, apo ayi, kumenya nkhondo ndi agalu ena ndikuthamangitsa nyama ndizotheka.
Nthawi zina ma bullmastiff amakhala ndi mphamvu, koma samatenga nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale mtunduwu umakonda bwalo labwinobwino ndi omulondera, si agalu am'bwalo ndipo ndizodabwitsa kuti ndioyenera kukhala kunyumba.
Ana agalu amakonda kusewera, koma agalu okalamba samakonda masewera. Katundu wolemera nthawi zambiri amatha kubweretsa mavuto, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti galu satenthedwa komanso samatha kuwathetsa mukangomaliza kudya.
Eni ake omwe akuyenera kukhala nawo akuyenera kumvetsetsa kuti oyang'anira ng'ombe zamphongo siabwino kwa anthu osokeretsa kapena oyera. Amatsika, koma osati kwambiri monga ma molossians ena. Amanong'oneza kwambiri, mokweza kwambiri, ndipo pafupifupi nthawi iliyonse akamagona.
Kukorola kumeneku ndikokulira kuti kumadzutsa anthu pakati pausiku. Koma, chomwe chimakwiyitsa kwambiri ndi kupsyinjika, monga mitundu yonse yokhala ndi mphutsi zazifupi, ma bullmastiffs nthawi zambiri amawononga mpweya. Popeza kukula kwa galu, ma volleys awa ndiamphamvu ndipo pambuyo pawo muyenera kuchoka ndikupumira chipinda.
Chisamaliro
Zosavuta komanso zochepa. Kusamba pafupipafupi kumangokhudza kudzikongoletsa. Samakhetsa zambiri, koma chifukwa chakukula kwa malaya, zambiri zimapezeka.
Chisamaliro chapadera chimafunikira makwinya pankhope, amafunika kutsukidwa ndikuwunikidwa pafupipafupi, monga makutu. Makwinya awa amakhala ndi dothi, chakudya, madzi, mafuta, zomwe zingayambitse matenda.
Zaumoyo
Tsoka ilo, amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana ndipo samakhala ndi moyo wautali. Avereji ya moyo wa zaka 7-8, agalu ochepa amakhala ndi 10.
Kaŵirikaŵiri, amadwala matenda a mtima kapena khansa adakali aang’ono. Komabe, moyo wawufupi komanso matenda omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi amapezeka wamba pakati pa mitundu yayikulu, ndipo ma bullmastiff akadali athanzi poyerekeza ndi ena.
Muyenera kukumbukira kuti atha kudwala, ndipo chithandizo chake ndi chokwera mtengo kuposa kuchiritsa agalu ang'onoang'ono.
