Komondor kapena Galu wa Mbusa wa ku Hungary (nthawi zambiri mawu olakwika a wamkulu waku Russia, English Komondor, Hungary komondorok) ndi galu wamkulu woweta yemwe wavala chovala choyera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutetezera ziweto, kuphatikiza nkhosa, zomwe zimadzibisa ndi ubweya wake. Imawerengedwa kuti ndi chuma chamayiko ku Hungary, pomwe kuwoloka ndi mitundu ina ndikusinthidwa kulikonse ndikoletsedwa.
Zolemba
- Agalu amtunduwu ndi osowa; kugula ku Russia sikungakhale kophweka.
- Ngakhale kuti nyumba yosamalira mbusiyi siyabwino kwenikweni, amatha kukhalamo. Koma, kuyenda ndi katundu amafunika.
- Kwa iwo omwe asankha kugula galu koyamba, Komondor si chisankho chabwino. Iwo ndi ouma khosi ndipo amafunika kukhala ndi chidaliro, wodekha, mwini wawo.
- Ngakhale simukuyenera kutsuka galu wanu, malaya ake amafunikira kudzikongoletsa. Iye mosavuta amatenga dothi ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana.
- Amakayikira zachilendo, zochita zosamveka komanso mawu. Izi ndizikhalidwe zachilengedwe za galu wamkulu woweta.
- Amatha kukhala ankhanza kwa agalu ena.
- Galu woweta amasangalala akakhala kuntchito. Ngati mulibe gulu la nkhosa, lipatseni ntchito yoyenera kuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana pankhani ya mtunduwo, uliwonse womwe uli ndi otsutsa komanso omutsatira. Tiona zotchuka kwambiri.
Komondors adabweretsedwa ku Hungary ndi a Polovtsy (m'magwero aku Europe ndi Byzantine - a Cumans), anthu olankhula Chituruki omwe amakhala mdera lawo pakati pa zaka za XII ndi XIII. Dzinalo la mtunduwo limachokera ku Kuman-Dor ndipo limatanthauza "galu wa Polovtsian".
Mitunduyi imachokera kwa agalu a Tibet, ochokera ku Asia pamodzi ndi mafuko a Polovtsian, komwe kwawo kuli mdera la Yellow River.
Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi, iwowo adayamba kuthamangitsidwa ndi mafuko omwe akuyandikira a Mongol, ndikuwakakamiza kuti achoke kumadzulo. Pothawa a Mongol, adafika m'malire a Hungary mzaka za XII, komwe adakhazikika mu 1239 motsogozedwa ndi Khan Kotyan Sutoevich.
Kudera ili, pali maliro a Polovtsy, momwe agalu awo anaikidwa. Dzina la mtunduwu limapezeka koyamba m'buku "The History of King Astgias" lolembedwa ndi Peter Coconi, lolembedwa mu 1544. Pambuyo pake, mu 1673, Jan Amos Comenius akuwatchula muzolemba zake.
Masiku ano Komondors ndi otchuka kwambiri ndipo afala ku Hungary, makamaka ngati agalu oweta. Izi mwina si kwawo, koma akhala pano kuyambira zaka za zana la 13 ndipo akhala akuyamikiridwa chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito. Otsatsa ambiri amangoyesera kuwongolera ndikupanga galu wabwino kwambiri.
Agaluwa anali opangidwa mwapadera ndi utoto woyera, kotero kuti, mbali imodzi, adabisala pakati pa nkhosazo, komano, anali osiyana mosavuta ndi nkhandwe.
Komabe, mpaka zaka za m'ma XX, mtunduwo unali wosadziwika kunja kwa kwawo. Mu 1933, Komondors adabweretsedwa ku United States ndi osamukira ku Hungary. M'chaka chomwecho adadziwika ndi American Kennel Club (AKC), koma kalabu yoyamba idapangidwa mu 1967. Koma United Kennel Club (UKC) idazindikira mtunduwu mu 1983.
Anali anthu aku America omwe adapulumutsa mtunduwu m'njira zambiri, popeza Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse idamuwononga. Agalu adatumikira kunkhondo ndipo ambiri adamwalira pankhondoyo. Omwe adatsalira kunyumba adaphedwa ndi njala komanso umphawi wankhondo.
Pakati pa 1945 ndi 1962, agalu osapitirira 1,000 adalembetsedwa ku Hungary. Mwamwayi, ena mwa iwo amakhala m'malo olima omwe sanakhudzidwe ndi nkhondoyi.
Masiku ano, Agalu a Mbusa a ku Hungary amakhalabe osowa kwambiri, amakhulupirira kuti anthu 2000-3000 amakhala ku United States ndi 5000-7000 ku Hungary.
Anthu ambiri amakhala m'mayikowa, enawo chiwerengerochi sichiposa 10,000. Zifukwa zomwe sizitchuka kunja kwina ndizotetezera komanso zimafuna chisamaliro.
Mtundu uwu ndi wofanana ndi Bergamo Sheepdog, koma siwofanana ndipo ngakhale mapangidwe awo azingwe ndi osiyana.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Mtsogoleriyo ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera komanso osakumbukika mdziko la canine. Izi ndi agalu akulu kwambiri, komanso oyera. Ndipo ubweya wawo umapanga zingwe zazitali ngati ma dread.
Olima ku Hungary amati ngati galu sali wamkulu, ndiye kuti si Komondor. Amuna amatha kufika pakufota kupitirira masentimita 80, akazi masentimita 65-70. Palibe malire, mulitali galu, ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ndikutalika kumeneku, Agalu Abusa aku Hungary amalemera pang'ono, amuna 50-60 kg, akazi 40-50. Mwachitsanzo, ma mastiff achingerezi ofanananso kukula amalemera 80-110 kg.
Mutu wa galu umabisika pansi pa zingwe zazitali ndi tsitsi, pomwe pansi pake pakamwa pake pakuphimba pakamwa patalumikizidwa kwambiri. Maso a galu ayenera kukhala ofiira kapena amondi. Makutu opendekeka, mawonekedwe a v.
Mbali yayikulu ya mtunduwu ndi ubweya. Ziyenera kukhala zoyera, ngakhale sizikhala zoyera nthawi zonse, nthawi zina zimakhala zakuda chifukwa cha dothi, popeza galu samatsukidwa kawirikawiri.
Ana ena amakhala ndi mawanga achikuda omwe amatha ndi ukalamba. Agalu abwino amakhala ndi khungu loyera labuluu, ngakhale ena atha kukhala ndi pinki yosafunikira.
Chovalacho ndi chachitali kwambiri, chachifupi pang'ono kumbuyo, m'khosi ndi kummano. Monga mitundu ina yambiri, ana agalu amabadwa ndi tsitsi lofewa, lopotana, akamakula, amatalika ndikuyamba kupindika, ndipo zingwe zimapanga pang'onopang'ono.
Zingwe zimafikira 20 - 27 cm kutalika, zimakula pang'onopang'ono. M'chigawo cha zaka ziwiri, pamapeto pake amapangidwa, ndipo kutalika kofunikira kumangofika mchaka chachisanu cha moyo. Komabe, pofika zaka ziwiri, galuyo amayenera kuti apange zingwe zazikulu, zomwe zimakhudza thupi lonse.
Kuti apange mapangidwe oyenera, amafunika kulukidwa, apo ayi galuyo amasandulika ubweya umodzi waukulu, wopota waubweya. Koma iwo molt pang'ono, molt wamkulu amapezeka mwa mwana wagalu fluff fluff ikagwa.
Mwachikhalidwe, chijasi ichi chidateteza galu kuti asalumidwe ndi mimbulu yomwe sinathe kuluma. Zimatenga masiku awiri ndi theka kuti ziume kaye mukatsuka.
Mchira umanyamulidwa pansi, osakwera konse. Poyamba, zikuwoneka kuti galu alibe mchira konse, popeza wabisala pansi pazingwe.
Khalidwe
Iwo makamaka ndi osamalira, koma amakonda kwambiri mabanja awo. Komabe, samakhulupilira komanso amakayikira alendo. Sizingatheke kuti Komondor alonjere alendo, zimatenga nthawi kuti muzolowere munthu watsopano. Koma kenako amamukumbukira kwa zaka zambiri ndipo amamulandira bwino.
Agalu ambiri, makamaka omwe sanakhalepo bwino, amakumana ndi anthu osawadziwa. Amakhala ndi madera ambiri ndipo amateteza malo awo kwa alendo ngati mumakonda kapena ayi.
Ngati mukufuna galu yemwe adzateteze banja lanu mpaka kumapeto, ndiye kuti Mbusa wa ku Hungary ndi chisankho chabwino. Ngati mukufuna galu yemwe mutha kutuluka nawo mosadukiza, osawopa thanzi la oyandikana nawo, ndibwino kuti mufufuze mtundu wina.
Amatha kupanga agalu abwino kwa ena, koma osati ambiri. Amakhwima pang'onopang'ono ndipo amakhala ngati ana agalu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ma Komondor amabadwira kuti ateteze ziweto, ndipo amachita ntchito yayikulu. Amatha kuteteza cholengedwa chilichonse chomwe akuwona kuti ndi gawo la paketiyo ndipo samakonda kuwonetsa chiwawa. Komabe, ali ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri ndipo amakana kulowa kwa nyama zina mdera lawo, kuphatikizapo agalu ena.
Ayesa kuwathamangitsa kapena kuwaukira. Ndipo chifukwa chothana ndi mimbulu, amatha kupha kapena kupundula otsutsa ambiri. Olima ku Hungary akuti mutha kulowa mdera la Komondor, koma kutulukamo sikophweka.
Mukayamba maphunziro mudakali aang'ono, amayankha bwino. Komabe, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, amatha kugwira ntchito popanda thandizo laumunthu, nthawi zambiri m'makilomita kuchokera kwa iye. Zotsatira zake, mtunduwo umadziyimira pawokha komanso wamakani. Amasankha zomwe amafunikira ngakhale ataphunzitsidwa bwino.
Komondor, yemwe watopa kapena kuleredwa molakwika, akhoza kukhala wamakani. Amakhalanso olamulira komanso amakonda kusamalira ng'ombe. Mwini wake ayenera kuwonetsa kuti ndi wamkulu, apo ayi galuyo amuchepetsa. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi anzeru, amamvetsetsa malamulo mosavuta, koma amafunika kuphunzitsidwa kwambiri komanso moleza mtima kwambiri.
Kumbukirani, kuphunzitsa koyenera komanso kucheza ndi anzawo ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa galu ndipo ayenera kupitiliza moyo wake wonse. Mukamulola kuti aphwanye zinthu zazing'ono, galuyo ayamba kuganiza kuti izi ndizololedwa ndipo ndizovuta kumusiyitsa.
Mkuluyu akusowa ntchito yambiri, awa ndi agalu oweta omwe amatsata gulu usana ndi usiku. Amakhala ndi chipiriro chachikulu, ngati ayamba kuyimilira ndikunyong'onyeka, izi zimangokhala machitidwe olakwika. Ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuphwanya nyumba.
Vuto linanso lomwe mwiniwake angakumane nalo ndi kukuwa. Amafuula kwambiri, mokweza kwambiri ndipo amachita mosangalala. Agalu abusa ayenera kuchenjeza eni ake alendo akafika, ndipo ndibwino kuti muwopsyeze ndi kukuwa. Ndi alonda abwino, koma si onse oyandikana nawo omwe angasangalale ndi kuthekera kwawo.
Chisamaliro
Komondor akuyembekezeka kufuna chisamaliro chachikulu komanso chapadera. Eni ake amawononga nthawi ndi ndalama zochuluka kuyang'anira galu wawo. Ndikukongoletsa kwa malaya, chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe sizatchuka mdziko lapansi. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuzicheka kangapo pachaka, kusiya malaya amafupika komanso opanda zingwe.
Pofuna kuti galu asakhale ndi nkhawa, zingwe zimayenera kupatulidwa kangapo pachaka. Kwa agalu ena izi ziyenera kuchitika kawiri kapena katatu pachaka, kwa ena kamodzi pamwezi.
Ophunzitsa akatswiri ambiri sadziwa momwe angachitire izi chifukwa chakuchuluka kwa agalu. Eni ake akuyenera kuphunzira momwe angachitire okha. Njirayi ndiyosavuta, koma nthawi yayitali komanso yotopetsa, makamaka ndi zingwe zazitali.
Zingwe zimakola dothi mosavuta ndipo eni ake akuyesetsa kuti galu akhale waukhondo. Tsoka ilo, kuwatsuka sikophweka.
Ngakhale kungomenyetsa galu kumatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi. Ndipo kuti muume kwambiri.
Amayikidwa ngakhale m'bokosi ndikuzunguliridwa ndi zowumitsa tsitsi, komabe ngakhale ubweyawo umauma mpaka maola 24 kapena kupitilira apo.
Ndi chifukwa cha izi omwe eni ma komondor ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amadula zingwe mchaka, popeza kuwasamalira ndimachitidwe owopsa. Kumbali ina, imathandizanso kusamalira, kumachotsera galu chitetezo chake chachilengedwe nyengo ndi zolusa.
Mwiniwake ayenera kukhala tcheru makamaka polimbana ndi utitiri, nkhupakupa ndi tizirombo tofananako. Amakhala ovuta kuwona pansi pa chovalacho, ndipo agalu amazindikira mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa m'makutu a galu, dothi limalowamo mosavuta ndipo siliwoneka pansi pa malaya.
Izi zimabweretsa matenda opatsirana. Njira zonse ziyenera kuyambitsidwa msanga kwa galu wamkulu, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzizolowera.
Zaumoyo
Kwa galu wamkulu, uwu ndi mtundu wathanzi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amafa chifukwa cha ngozi, ziwopsezo za adani, kugwa pansi pagalimoto. Avereji ya zaka za moyo ndi zaka 8-10.
Kwazaka zosachepera chikwi chimodzi ma Komondor adabadwa ngati agalu ogwira ntchito ndipo matenda amtunduwu samayankhidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, amakhala m'malo ovuta komanso owopsa, chifukwa chake chilengedwe chimasamalira zosankhazo.
Izi sizitanthauza kuti alibe matenda amtundu, zimangowadwalitsa kwambiri kuposa agalu ena abwinobwino.
