Mittelschnauzer (German Mittelschnauzer, English Standard Schnauzer) ndi mtundu wa galu, yemwe kwawo ndi ku Germany. Dzinalo la Chijeremani limatanthauzira kuti, mittel medium, schnauze - muzzle ndipo amatanthauza standard kapena medium schnauzer.
Zolemba
- Mittelschnauzer ndiwanzeru kwambiri, koma akhoza kukhala wamakani. Kwa ofuna kubzala agalu, kulera ana kungakhale kovuta.
- Ali ndi chibadwa champhamvu choteteza, koma samauwa popanda chifukwa. Pokhapokha ngati china chake chikufunikira chisamaliro.
- Mittelschnauzers amasiya msanga chidwi ndi maphunziro, ngati osasangalatsa.
- Chifukwa cha luntha lawo komanso mawonekedwe awo apamwamba, amamvetsetsa zolakwika za anthu ndipo amayesetsa kutsogolera paketiyo. Kumvetsetsa psychology ya galu ndikuyika malire ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa galu.
- A Schnauzers amakayikira alendo mpaka atazindikira kuti eni ake akusangalala kuwawona.
- Ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimafunikira kotuluka. Kupanda kutero, amulola kuti alowe munjira yowononga.
- Popeza ntchito yayikulu m'mbuyomu ndikuwononga makoswe, simuyenera kusiya mittel schnauzer yokha ndi makoswe ndi nyama zazing'ono.
- Komabe, amakhala bwino ndi amphaka.
- Agaluwa ndi achidwi, opanda mantha komanso sakonda agalu ena. Paulendo, musalole kuti achoke pa leash, ndewu ndizotheka.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Ngakhale zinali zovuta kukhulupirira, m'mbuyomu, a Schnauzer ndi a German Pinscher adawonedwa ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pomwe miyezo yoyamba yolembedwa yamtunduwu idapangidwa, amatchedwa Shorthaired Pinscher ndi Wirehaired Pinscher.
Mpaka 1870, mitundu yonse iwiri ya agalu imatha kupezeka m'malo omwewo. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ndi abale apafupi ndipo adachokera ku mtundu umodzi.
Tsoka ilo, lero ndizosatheka kudziwa kuti ndi yani. Wojambula wotchuka Albrecht Durer adajambula ma schnauzers pazithunzi zake za 1492-1502.
Ntchito izi zimatsimikizira osati kuti mzaka izi mtunduwu udalipo kale, komanso kuti umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati agalu ogwira ntchito.
Ngakhale kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mtunduwu kudangowonekera pambuyo pa 1780, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi yakale kwambiri.
Chiyambi chenicheni cha mtunduwu sichikudziwika, koma agaluwa athandiza mafuko olankhula Chijeremani kwazaka mazana ambiri, kapenanso masauzande.
Ntchito yawo yayikulu inali kusaka makoswe ndi nyama zazing'ono, nthawi zina amathandizira kudyetsa ziweto kapena kuyang'anira.
Ana a agaluwa amaphatikizapo ma schnauzers atatu: mittel schnauzer, giant schnauzer, miniature schnauzer.
Ndipo otsekera pinscher: Pinscher waku Germany, Doberman Pinscher, Pinscher Wamng'ono, Affenpinscher ndi Austin Pinscher. Mwina Danish Sweden Farmdog nawonso ali mgululi.
Mittel Schnauzer (yemwe amadziwika kuti Wirehaired Pinscher) ndi Affenpinscher anali mitundu yoyamba ya Pinscher yomwe imadziwika mdziko la Chingerezi. Awa anali ogwira makoswe okhala ndi waya ndipo aku Britain adaganiza zakuwatenga ngati terriers.
Komabe, sizili choncho ndipo palibe umboni woti ma terriers ochokera ku Britain Isles adagwera m'mafuko aku Germany, ndipo ma Pinscher ambiri samawoneka ngati terriers. Olima ku Germany akhala akukangana kwanthawi yayitali ngati agalu awo amawasanja ngati ma terriers.
Mwachidziwikire, zolembera zoyambirira zidapezeka ku Middle Ages pakati pa mafuko olankhula Chijeremani, kenako ndikufalikira mu Holy Roman Empire ndi Scandinavia.
Ngakhale amakhulupirira kuti Schnauzer amachokera kwa agalu wamba ngati Pinscher waku Germany, sizikudziwika kuti ndi liti komanso momwe adakhalira tsitsi.
Chimodzi mwazomwe mungasankhe ndikuti adawoloka ndi ma terriers. Izi ndizotheka kutengera magwiridwe antchito ndi mawonekedwe amitundu iwiriyo. Komabe, izi ziyenera kuti zidachitika zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo, panthawi yomwe agalu samawoloka nyanja.
Pazilumba za Britain muulamuliro wa Roma, agalu amalowetsedwa ndikutumizidwa kunja. Malongosoledwe omveka bwino ndikuti adawoloka ndi ma griffins, ma hout a tsitsi, omwe kwawo ndi France kapena Spitz.
Ma griffins ndi Spitz adadziwika m'mafuko olankhula Chijeremani kwanthawi yayitali, mosiyana ndi aku Britain. Tsiku la mtandawu silikudziwika, koma mtunduwo umalumikizidwa ndi kumwera kwa Germany, makamaka Bavaria.
Affenpinscher, yemwe anabadwa pasanafike chaka cha 1600, ndi wachibale wapamtima wa mittel schnauzer. Iye mwina anali kholo la iye, kapena mitundu yonse iwiri inachokera kwa kholo limodzi.
Amakhulupirira kuti Poodle ndi Germany Spitz adatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwonekera kwa mtunduwo, koma pambuyo pa 1800.
Mitundu iyi idagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mawonekedwe a mittel schnauzer, kuwonjezera poodle wakuda ndikukhazikitsa Keeshond. Komabe, uku ndikungoganiza chabe ndipo palibe umboni wa izi.
Mittel Schnauzer adadziwika ku Germany konse ngati galu mnzake komanso galu wamba. Pofika chaka cha 1800, ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri ku Germany ndipo umasungidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana, koma koposa zonse kumunsi.
Komabe, panthawiyi panalibe funso loti mitundu iliyonse ndi agalu anali osiyana kwambiri. Izi zidayamba kusintha pomwe mabungwe oyamba azoseketsa komanso ziwonetsero za agalu adawonekera ku UK.
Kutchuka kwawo kudafalikira mwachangu ku Europe. Pofika chaka cha 1900, pafupifupi mitundu yonse yazikhalidwe zaku Germany (mwachitsanzo Great Dane) idakhazikika ndipo mitundu yambiri yatsopano idabadwa.
Panthawiyo, a Mittelschnauzer amadziwika kuti Wirehaired Pinscher. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mtunduwu kumachitika mu 1879, nthawi ya chiwonetsero cha agalu ku Hanover.
Amakhulupirira kuti mittel schnauzer yotchedwa Schnauzer idapambana. Agaluwa amadziwika kuti schnauzers, poyamba monga dzina lakutchulira, kenako monga dzina lovomerezeka.
Mulingo woyamba kubadwa udapangidwa mu 1880 ndipo chiwonetsero cha agalu chimachitikira pansi pake. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu umakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa mabungwe azamalamulo ku Germany.
Pazaka izi, Schnauzer imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yambiri. Zinachokera kwa iye kuti Miniature Schnauzer ndi Giant Schnauzer, mitundu ina ya tsitsi. Kutsata mbiri yawo ndikovuta, popeza ino ndi nthawi ya mafashoni, kuwonjezeka komanso kuyesa kosatha.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri mphambu makumi awiri, mtunduwu umafalikira kunja kwa Germany ndipo ukutchuka kwambiri ku Europe. Agalu ochepa amabwera ku America ndi alendo. American Kennel Club (AKC) imazindikira mtunduwu mu 1904 ndipo amawaika ngati Terrier, zomwe sizimasangalatsa obereketsa.
Mitunduyi idakhalabe yachilendo kutsidya lina mpaka nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Pambuyo pake, anthu ambiri osamukira kudziko lina adatsikira ku United States, ambiri mwa iwo adatengedwa ndi ma mittelschnauzers.
Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1920, mtunduwu unali wodziwika ku United States. Mu 1925, Schnauzer Club of America idapangidwa, yomwe imayimiridwa ndi mittel schnauzer ndi mini schnauzer. Mu 1933, adagawika pakati, malingana ndi mitundu.
Mu 1945, amateurs amakakamiza AKC kuti isunthire mtunduwo kuchokera pagulu lanthaka kupita ku gulu logwira ntchito. Miniature Schnauzer ikudziwika ndikukhala agalu otchuka kwambiri ku United States.
Schnauzer wapakati sadzapeza kutchuka kumeneku, ngakhale United Kennel Club (UKC) idzadziwika mu 1948.
Mittel Schnauzer ndi gulu logwira ntchito lotchuka kwambiri ndi apolisi. Komabe, lero agalu ambiri ndi anzawo. Kwa zaka zambiri mtundu uwu unali umodzi mwodziwika kwambiri ku Europe.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Chifukwa chofanana ndi schnauzer yaying'ono, anthu ambiri amadziwa bwino za mawonekedwe a mittel schnauzer. Masharubu ndi ndevu ndizodziwika kwambiri. Popeza kuswana kwa mtunduwo kunali kosavuta kuposa kwazithunzithunzi, agalu amasiyanitsidwa ndikukhazikika kwakunja.
Iyi ndi galu wapakatikati, amuna omwe amafota amafika 46-51 masentimita ndikulemera makilogalamu 16-26, mabatani 43-48 cm ndi 14-20 kg.
Ngakhale agalu ambiri masiku ano sagwira ntchito, mtunduwu umagwirabe ntchito. Amawonekeranso motere: yaying'ono, yolimba, galu wolimba wamitundu yayitali.
M'mbuyomu, mchira unali wokhoma, kusiya ma vertebrae atatu, koma lero mchitidwewu ndiwachikale ndipo ndi oletsedwa m'maiko ambiri aku Europe. Mchira wachilengedwe ndi wamfupi, wooneka ngati sabata.
Mtundu uwu uli ndi imodzi mwa nkhope zosakumbukika kwambiri yomwe idatchedwa dzina. Mutu ndi waukulu, mphuno imakhala ngati mphete yosalala, ndevu zotchuka zimakula.
Maso ndi amdima, ali ndi nsidze zochulukirapo, mawuwo ndi anzeru. Makutu adadulidwa kale, koma monga mchira, izi zatha. Makutu achilengedwe a V, ogwera, ochepa.
Mittel Schnauzer ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha malaya ake olimba, amphongo. Chovala ichi ndi chachiwiri, malaya amkati ndi ofewa, malaya akunja ndi owuma kwambiri.
Chovalacho chili pafupi ndi thupi, molunjika. Pamatumba, siolimba monga thupi lonse. Kumaso ndi makutu, tsitsili ndi lalifupi, kupatula ndevu ndi nsidze.
Mitundu iwiri imaloledwa: wakuda ndi tsabola ndi mchere. Mdima wakuda uyenera kukhala wolemera, ngakhale, koma malo oyera oyera pachifuwa ndiolandiridwa.
Tsabola wamchere ndi kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yakuda ndi yoyera mu tsitsi lililonse. Ma ocars awa akhoza kukhala ndi chigoba chakuda pankhope pake.
Khalidwe
Mittel Schnauzer amadziwika kuti ndi galu mnzake wabwino. Popeza mtunduwo udalimidwa moganizira, mawonekedwe ake ndiwodziwikiratu. Amakonda anthu komanso mbuye wawo.
Monga mungayembekezere kuchokera kwa mnzake, amakonda ana ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala nawo. Agaluwa ndi oleza mtima kwambiri kuposa ma terriers, samaluma komanso amatha kuzunzidwa kwambiri ndi ana. Komabe, kuchokera kwa ana ochokera kumabanja awo okha.
Popeza amayenera kuteteza katundu, samakhulupirira makamaka alendo. Mittelschnauzer amatha kudziwa yemwe ndi mnzake komanso yemwe sali, koma popanda kucheza nawo kumatha kukhala kovuta kwa alendo. Ngati mukufuna galu yemwe amaphatikiza oyang'anira ndi anzawo, ndiye kuti iyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yabwino kwambiri.
Samagwirizana bwino ndi agalu a anthu ena, amachita nkhanza kwa agalu amuna kapena akazi anzawo ndipo samakonda amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.
Kulera moyenera ndi mayanjano kumathandizira kuchepetsa nkhanza, koma sizingasanduke malo ochitira nkhwangwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mphamvu ndipo amayesa kutenga udindo wotsogolera paketiyo. Ngakhale agalu ambiri amakonda kukhala limodzi ndi anzawo, Schnauzer imakonda kukhala payokha.
Galu wamba wogwira ntchito amakhala bwino ndi ziweto zazikulu. Ndi chikhalidwe, amphaka amalekerera, popanda iwo amatha kuwukira.
Koma makoswe ndi nyama zina zazing'ono zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu, chifukwa uyu ndi amene kale anali kugwira makoswe.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana a canine amaika Schnauzer pamndandanda wamitundu yochenjera kwambiri. Amatha kuthana ndi zovuta ndipo amakhala ndi malingaliro abwino, otchuka chifukwa chokhoza kuchita zanzeru. Komabe, kuwaphunzitsa sikophweka.
Mtunduwu umakhala ndi malingaliro odziyimira pawokha ndipo umakonda kuchita zomwe ukuwona kuti ndi koyenera. Kulamulira kwa mtunduwo kumabweretsanso mavuto akulu. Amayesetsa kuyang'anira chilichonse ndikumva bwino nthawi yomwe zitha kuchitika.
Galu ngati aganiza kuti ndiye wamkulu pachimake, samvera mwini wake. Chifukwa chake, amafunikira kukumbukira nthawi zonse za utsogoleri ndikumvetsetsa psychology ya galu.
Mittel Schnauzer ndi mtundu wamphamvu womwe umafunikira kulimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Osati Jack Russell Terrier kapena Border Collie, koma kuposa Bulldog.
Ngati popezeka mphamvu, galu amakhala wodekha kunyumba ndipo amakhala bwino mnyumbayo.
Chisamaliro
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro cha mkonzi. Ngakhale eni ake amatha kudzisamalira, ndizovuta.
Kawiri pachaka, galu ayenera kumetedwa, malaya amachotsedwa pafupipafupi. Ngakhale kuti pali chisamaliro chambiri, mtunduwo uli ndi kuphatikiza, sikutulutsa.
Zaumoyo
Mittel Schnauzer amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wathanzi. Ndi wokalamba kwambiri, ali ndi dziwe lalikulu ndipo alibe matenda apadera amtundu.
Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 12 mpaka 15, zomwe ndizokwanira galu wamkulu chotere. Mu 2008, Club Schnauzer yaku America idachita kafukufuku yemwe adapeza kuti 1% yokha ya a Schnauzers ali ndi matenda akulu, ndipo zaka zapakati pazaka 12 ndi miyezi 9.
Pali matenda awiri okha obadwa nawo: ntchafu dysplasia ndi retinal atrophy. Komabe, ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina yoyera.
