Otterhound (English Otterhound kuchokera ku otter - otter ndi hound - galu wosaka) ndi mtundu wa galu waku Britain. Ndi mphaka ndipo pano amadziwika ndi English Kennel Club ngati mtundu wosavutikira wamba wokhala ndi nyama pafupifupi 600 padziko lonse lapansi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Ambiri amayesa kuchita chibwenzi ndi Otterhound (monga mtundu) kuyambira masiku a King John (King of England kuyambira 1199 mpaka 1216), yemwe amasaka ndi paketi ya agalu awa. Izi, komabe, ndizolakwika, popeza panthawiyi magulu kapena agalu amtundu wawo sanatchulidwe chifukwa cha mawonekedwe omwewo omwe amagawana nawo (mtundu), koma pantchito yomwe amachita.
Chifukwa chake, galu aliyense yemwe watsimikizira kuti amatha kuzindikira ndikutsata kununkhiza kwa otter amatha kutchedwa otterhound. Mwachiwonekere, agalu ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mfumu anali ofanana kwambiri ndi ma otterhound amakono, popeza anali othamanga kwambiri kuposa ma hound. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi zolemba za William Twitchy, woyang'anira masewera a King Edward II, yemwe m'zaka za zana la 14 adawafotokozera ngati "galu yemwe amakhala pakati pa galu ndi wakuba."
Panali nthawi imeneyi pomwe kusaka nyama zam'mimba kunayamba kukhala masewera aulemu kwa anthu olemekezeka, monga kusaka nkhandwe. Mpaka nthawiyo, inali ntchito yongopangidwa ndi osakhala olemekezeka kuteteza chakudya ndi nkhokwe zachilengedwe za mumtsinje ndi m'nyanja kuchokera ku otters; nyama yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi tiziromboti.
King Edward II, mfumu yaku England kuyambira 1307-1327, anali wolemekezeka woyamba kulandira dzina la Master of Otterhounds; nthawi yoyenerera kwa iye chifukwa cha luso lake losaka komanso luso lake pamene amawagwiritsa ntchito kusaka nyama yake yovuta, otter. M'zaka mazana zotsatira, olemekezeka ena adatsatira chitsanzo cha Henry VI, Edward IV, Richard II ndi III, Henry II, VI, VII ndi VIII, ndi Charles II, onse omwe anali ndi udindo wa Otterhound Master nthawi ina m'mbiri. Mfumukazi Elizabeth I adakhala mayi woyamba wa Otterhound panthawi yaulamuliro wake waku England kuyambira 1588 mpaka 1603.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa phukusi la Otterhound kumafotokozedwa kwambiri m'mbiri yonse ya mbiriyakale, ngakhale kuti mtunduwu unayambira sikudziwika bwinobwino. Zambiri zomwe zilipo masiku ano mokhudzana ndi mbiri ya Otterhound ndizongoganiza chabe.
Lingaliro lina ndiloti otterhound adatsikira mwachindunji ku galu wakumwera yemwe tsopano watha. Kamodzi kopezeka ku Devonshire, hound wakummwera anali kudziwika kuti amatha kupeza masewera ndi fungo, koma samakondedwa chifukwa chosafulumira. Pachifukwa ichi, amakhulupirira kuti ndigwiritsidwe ntchito bwino posaka nyama monga nswala, yomwe pamapeto pake imatha chifukwa chofunafuna, koma mosiyana ndi nkhandwe kapena kalulu, sakanatha kuthawira kuphanga kapena kubowola.
Nthano ina yomwe akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo amatsutsa akuti otterhound idachokera ku malo osungidwa a ku France, omwe mwina adayambitsidwa ku England limodzi ndi a Normans ku Middle Ages. Wotchuka wokonda agalu komanso wolemba komanso mkonzi wotchuka wazofalitsa zosiyanasiyana za agalu m'zaka za zana la 19 Theo Marples adafotokoza kufanana kwakukulu pakati pa Otterhound ndi French Vendée Hound wakale; iliyonse imakhala yofanana kwambiri ndi inayo, zonse muubweya komanso kapangidwe kake.
Ndizotheka kuti malingaliro onsewa ndi olondola pamlingo winawake. Olemba mbiri amavomereza kuti Otterhound idachita mbali yofunikira pakukula kwa Airedale. Kugwiritsa ntchito kusaka ma otter kunatha ku England pambuyo pa 1978, pomwe kupha ma otter kunali koletsedwa ndi lamulo, pambuyo pake adayamba kusaka mink ndi nutria ndi ma otterhound.
Ndi ziweto zosachepera 1000 zomwe zatsala padziko lonse lapansi, sizikudziwikabe padziko lapansi. Ziwerengero zakulembetsa za AKC za 2019 zimayika Otterhound pafupi kwambiri pansi pamndandanda potchuka; ili pa nambala 161 mwa mitundu 167 kapena yachisanu ndi chimodzi kuchokera kumapeto kwa agalu onse omwe adalembetsa chaka chino.
United Kingdom ndi United States amasungabe ma otterhound ambiri, okhala ndi anthu ochepa ku Germany, Scandinavia, Switzerland, Canada, New Zealand ndi Netherlands. Kuyambira mu 2018, akuti akuti pali ma 350 otterhound ku US ndi Canada; mchaka chomwecho, anthu 57 adalembetsa ku United Kingdom.
Kuchuluka kwa zolembetsa nthawi zonse kwapangitsa kuti Otterhound iwonedwe ngati agalu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku UK. Amatchulidwanso kuti Gulu Lachiwopsezo la Britain Kennel Club ndipo akuyesetsa kupulumutsa mtunduwo. British Otterhound Club pakadali pano ikuyesera kupeza chandamale chamakono cha mtundu wakalewu, podziwa kuti "ali ndi mphuno yayikulu ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatira mankhwala osokoneza bongo."
Kufotokozera
Ndi galu wamkulu, wonenepa kwambiri m'mafupa komanso wamkulu mthupi. Amuna amalemera kuyambira makilogalamu 52 ndipo amafota masentimita 69. Akazi amalemera kuyambira makilogalamu 36 ndipo amafika masentimita 61 atafota. Makutu amakhala otsika, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala aatali kuposa momwe aliri, ndipo amakhala okutidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali. Mutu wake ndi waukulu komanso wolingana poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa galu. Mphuno ndi yaying'ono, ndevu ndizitali, maso ndi okhazikika. Mphuno ndi yakuda kwathunthu kapena bulauni. Mapazi akuda ndi otakata, okhala ndi mapadi akuda, akuya komanso zala zakuthwa.
Chovalacho ndi chizindikiro chowonekera kwambiri cha otterhound. Ndiwosalala, wolimba kawiri, woteteza galu kumadzi ozizira ndi nthambi. Chovala chakunja chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, choluka, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi tsitsi lofewa pamutu komanso chowala. Chovala chamkati chopanda madzi chimapezeka nthawi yachisanu ndi masika, koma chimakhetsedwa chilimwe.
Mitundu yonse yamtunduwu ndi yolandirika, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi yakuda ndi khungu, kotanuka ndi chishalo chakuda, chiwindi ndi khungu, tricolor (yoyera, yoyera ndi mawanga akuda), ndi tirigu.
Khalidwe
Mtunduwo ndi wosowa kwambiri. Ku United States, malita anayi kapena asanu ndi awiri amabadwa chaka chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndizosatheka kuchipeza. Kulumikizana, kudzaza mafomu ndikudikirira ndi njira zonse zofunikira kuti mugule imodzi mwazo.
Ndi agalu akulu, ochezeka, okonda ndi malingaliro awo. Otterhound ili ndi mtima wosangalala wamwana komanso nthabwala yapadera. Amakhala bwino ndi agalu ndi amphaka ngati atayikidwa bwino kapena kuleredwa bwino. Eni ake ambiri amadabwa paka yawo ndi galu wawo akukhala bwino. Eni ake ena apeza kuti galu wawo amakhala bwino ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, mahatchi komanso nkhumba. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono, sayenera kusiyidwa ndi agalu amenewa. Kuthamangitsa kanyama kakang'ono ndi chibadwa.
Otterhound imafuna kucheza kwambiri, kuyambira mwachangu kwambiri ndikupitiliza moyo wake wonse. Ayenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi munthu wolimba komanso wachikondi koma wowongolera. Galu amatenga utsogoleri ngati samayang'aniridwa.
Amakondanso kucheza ndi ana, koma ma Otterhound achichepere ndi akulu ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta, kotero sangathe kugwira ntchito ndi ana ang'ono kapena okalamba ofooka.
Amakonda kuthamanga komanso kusambira. Palibe chomwe chimawasangalatsa! Otterhound ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa mabanja odziwa zambiri, okonda zachilengedwe omwe amatha kupita naye tsiku lililonse ndikuyenda mosangalatsa m'nkhalango kumapeto kwa sabata. Chingwe kapena mpanda wotetezedwa kwambiri ndiyofunikira. Galu uyu adagwidwa kuti azisaka nyama zazing'ono, ndipo adzasaka ngakhale pang'ono. Nthawi zonse amakhala akusakasaka fungo latsopano, ndipo akangomva fungo, kulimbikira kwake, kutsimikiza mtima, ndi kupirira kwake kumatanthauza kuti azitsatira kununkhirako mpaka kumapeto.
Otterhound ili ndi mphamvu zambiri. Amafunikira kulimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, apo ayi amataya mphamvu zake kuwononga.
Amakhala ochezeka komanso amakuwa kamodzi kulengeza alendo ndikuwakonda ngati anzawo omwe adasokonekera kale. Otterhound ndi achikondi koma osadalira. Amakonda gulu lawo, koma samafuna kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Adzakhala okondwa kukuwonani kwanu, koma abwerera kukagona kuti amalize kugona kwawo.
Otterhounds ndi ovuta kuwaphunzitsa chifukwa ali ndi malingaliro awoawo ndipo amatha kukhala ouma khosi pakukana nawo nawo maphunziro. Chilimbikitso cha chakudya chimagwira bwino kwambiri ndi agaluwa, ndipo kusungitsa nthawi yanu yolimbitsa thupi ndikopindulitsa. Sakonda kuuzidwa choti achite. Chikhalidwe chawo chopepuka chimapangitsa kuti khalidweli lisanyalanyazidwe, chifukwa sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Mkhalidwe wawo wamakani ndi kuchepa kwa msinkhu kumatanthauza kuti kumatha kuwatengera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kufikira chaka kuti awasamalire bwino.
Otterhounds ndiodetsa kwambiri. Amasamalira mbale yawo yamadzi ngati kuti ndi dziwe laling'ono, akuwaza ndikupopera madzi ponseponse. Amakonda kulowetsa thumba lawo m'madzi momwe angathere, ndipo izi zimachitika kumagwero onse amadzi. Adzalumphira ndikudumpha mumatope ndipo mosazengereza, amathamangira mnyumba atanyowetsa khungu. Masamba, dothi, chisanu, ndowe ndi zinyalala zina zimamatira kuubweya wake ndipo zimathera mnyumba monse.
Mitunduyi imakonda kuuwa ndipo kubowola kwawo kumakhala kosasangalatsa chifukwa ndimalo okweza kwambiri, ozama, omwe amayenda maulendo ataliatali modabwitsa.
Chisamaliro
Ngakhale ma Otterhound ali ndi malaya ambiri, ambiri samataya kwambiri. Yesetsani kutsuka chovalacho mlungu uliwonse kuti chisagwirizane, makamaka pamutu, miyendo ndi m'mimba.
Yambani kukonzekera kwanu sabata iliyonse mudakali aang'ono. Mukadikirira kuti mwana wagalu akule, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mkanjo. Galu wanu sangakonde kumva kupweteka kwatsopano, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusamalira. Ngakhale ndimadzikongoletsa sabata iliyonse, nthawi zina malaya a otter amafunika kudula. Chovalacho chimatha kuchepetsedwa kuti chisamangidwe. Malayawo akatengeka, amatenga zaka pafupifupi ziwiri kuti abwererenso. Kusamba sabata iliyonse sikofunikira pokhapokha mutakonzekera kuwonetsa galu wanu ziwonetsero.
Otterhound ndi dothi zimayendera limodzi. Zingwe, ndevu ndi makutu amapangidwa kuti azinyamula dothi mkati mnyumba. Kuchepetsa zikhomo ndi pakati pa ziyangoyango kungathandize, koma konzekerani dothi lambiri. Kuyenda tsiku lililonse kumathandiza kuti zikhadabo zizikhala zazifupi, koma ndibwino kuzidula sabata iliyonse. Kutsuka mano kuyeneranso kukhala gawo lokonzekera kwanu galu. Sungani chidole chaiwisi kapena chingwe kuti muchite izi.
Onetsetsani makutu a galu wanu pafupipafupi ndikuwatsuka pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chamakutu ochepa, mtunduwo umakhala ndi matenda am'makutu. Onetsetsani makutu anu sabata iliyonse kuti mupeze matenda asanafike poipa.
Zaumoyo
Kuyezetsa magazi komwe kunachitika mu 1996 ndi 2003 kukuwonetsa kuti moyo wa zaka pafupifupi khumi.
M'mbuyomu, matenda omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziundana anali vuto lalikulu kwa otterhound. Matendawa adadzetsa kubadwa kotsika ndipo adapha miyoyo ya agalu ambiri. Izi ndizovuta lero.
Matenda ofala kwambiri a mafupa ndi hip dysplasia, yomwe imafala kwambiri pamtunduwu. Orthopedic Foundation of America idasanthula ma radiographs amchiuno a 245 Otterhounds ndipo adapeza kuti 51% mwa iwo anali ndi dysplasia. Mavuto ena ndi elbow dysplasia ndi osteochondritis.
Vuto lina ndi ma otterhound ndi ma sebaceous cysts. Mamiliyoni a ma pores ndi maubweya pakhungu azunguliridwa ndi tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono. Izi zimatulutsa mafuta omwe amatchedwa sebum, omwe amachititsa kuti malaya azikhala owala. Mafutawa amatetezeranso tsitsi ndi khungu.
Ziphuphu zolimbitsa thupi zimachitika pore yokhazikika kapena ubweya wa tsitsi utatseka, nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku dothi, matenda, kapena ngati sebum imakhala yolimba kwambiri kuti ingatulukemo.
Malingana ngati ziphuphu ndizochepa, zotsekedwa, komanso zolimba, sizikuvulaza nyama. Ziphuphu zolimbitsa thupi zimakhala zovuta zikayamba kutseguka ndikutseguka. Kuchotsa opaleshoni kumafunika ngati chotupacho sichichiritsa ndi maantibayotiki. Amathanso kulowa pakhungu ndikulowa munthawi yapafupi. Zotsatira zake ndikutupa kwambiri, ndikupangitsa malo ofiira, owuma kuti chiweto chizinyambita, kukanda, ndikupaka. Palibe njira yodziwikiratu yopewera ma cyst sebaceous. Kudzikongoletsa pafupipafupi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza zotupa zotsekedwa kapena zotseguka.
