Chuma ndi chuma chofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Tsoka ilo, si anthu onse omwe amazindikira izi, chifukwa chake masiku ano pali mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kuipitsa nthaka:
- kuipitsa nthaka ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mankhwala owopsa;
- Kuwononga nyukiliya;
- kuipitsa mankhwala;
- kutaya chonde;
- kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi mphepo;
- chipululu;
- kuwonongeka kwa chuma ndi kuchepa kwa chuma cha minda.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa ndikuletsa zatsopano, m'pofunika kuchita zochitika zachilengedwe kuti muteteze nthaka, popeza chuma cha dziko lathu lapansi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake kuli kochepa.
Zifukwa zoteteza nthaka
Kusamalira dothi ndi vuto lapadziko lonse lapansi chifukwa limayambitsidwa osati ndi masoka achilengedwe, koma nthawi zambiri ndi zochitika za anthropogenic. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa dothi ndikugwiritsa ntchito madera akuluakulu kulima. Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito chuma chawo mosaganizira. Kulima kumawononga zambiri. Minda yayikulu imalimidwa, zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyipa, kulima kwakukulu kumachitika, zinthu zofunikira zimatsukidwa m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yamchere. Boma lamadzi lapadziko lapansi komanso kudyetsedwa kwake ndimadzi apansi panthaka amasokonezedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zothirira (ngalande ndi malo osungira). Ngati simupatsa "kupumula" kumunda, ndiye kuti watha kwambiri kotero kuti umatha konse chonde, palibe mbewu zomwe zingamerepo, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti m'malo mwa munda, chipululu chidzawoneka posachedwa.
Ntchito zoteteza zachilengedwe
Anthu ambiri anzeru adayamba kale kukhulupirira kuti nthaka iyenera kuyamikiridwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, malo ovomerezeka achitetezo cha nthaka apangidwa, kuphatikiza malamulo, zachuma, zachuma, ukadaulo ndi zina. Cholinga chake ndikukhazikitsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nthaka:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru;
- kuchepetsedwa kwa nthaka ya zaulimi;
- kugwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zaulimi;
- kukonza nthaka;
- kuchotsa zotsatira za kuipitsa.
Ngati anthu akutenga nawo mbali pantchito yobwezeretsanso chuma chamtunda, zipulumutsa zachilengedwe zambiri zapadziko lapansi. Kuchulukitsa malo obiriwira ndikofunikira pa izi, chifukwa mitengo ndiyofunika kulimbitsa nthaka. Chifukwa chake, kuteteza ndikusunga chuma cha dziko lathu lapansi chimadalira anthu omwe, chifukwa chake chitetezo cha nthaka chimagwira gawo lofunikira pantchitoyi.
